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Autophagy: New Frontier and Perspective

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2021) | Viewed by 8249

Special Issue Editors


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Department of Odontostomatologic and Specialized Clinical Sciences, Sez-Biochimica, Faculty of Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Ranieri 65, 60100 Ancona, Italy
Interests: nutrition; periodontal diseases/periodontitis; oxidative stress; nutrition; aging; mitochondrial function and diseases; berries (strawberry, blueberry, bilberry, cranberry, etc.); olive oil (dietary fats); honey; polyphenols; flavonoids; antioxidants; apoptosis
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grade E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
2. Research Group on Foods, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Isabel Torres 21, 39011 Santander, Spain
Interests: nutrition; health; disease prevention; dietary bioactive compounds; oxidative stress; aging; mitochondrial functionality; inflammation; bioenergetics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche (DISCO)-Sez. Biochimica, Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
Interests: cancer stem cells; natural compounds; bioactive compounds; cancer; polyphenols; vitamins; dietary supplements; self-renewal; chemosensibilization; functional foods; antioxidants; dietary supplementation; human health; chronic diseases; prevention; chemoresistance; metastasis; tumor
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Autophagy is a highly conserved and essential process, which represents one of the main mechanisms for regulating the turnover of cellular components of the cytoplasm and selective removal of damaged organelles or misfolded/aggregated proteins. There are different types of autophagy, but in any case, the degradation of cellular components occurs through the action of lysosomes. The autophagy process is basically governed by a group of genes called ATG (autophagy-related genes). Autophagy controls different physiological processes but is also involved in many processes that lead to the development of different pathologies. In recent years, a crucial role of this self-degradative homeostatic process has been found on events related to inflammation and immunity. Its correct modulation could therefore counteract those conditions that lead to the onset of a large spectrum of immune-mediated inflammatory disease (IMID).

The main purpose of the special issue: “Autophagy: New Frontier and Perspective” is to be an open forum where researchers have the possibility to share their investigations and findings in this field. Contributions to this issue, both in the form of original research or review articles, may cover all aspects of the involved molecular mechanisms and of the effect of drugs or natural compounds on regulate the autophagy process related to IMID.

Dr. Maurizio Battino
Dr. Francesca Giampieri
Dr. Danila Cianciosi
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • autophagy
  • immune-mediated diseases
  • IMID
  • inflammatory diseases
  • inflammation
  • autoimmune diseases
  • infections
  • diabetes
  • metabolic disorders
  • infectious diseases
  • allergy
  • aging
  • cardiovascular diseases
  • neurological diseases
  • lupus erythematosus, psoriasis
  • rheumatoid arthritis
  • inflammatory bowel disease
  • multiple sclerosis
  • alopecia areata
  • viral infection
  • bacterial infection

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 2530 KiB  
Article
NOP53 Suppresses Autophagy through ZKSCAN3-Dependent and -Independent Pathways
by Young-Eun Cho, Yong-Jun Kim, Sun Lee and Jae-Hoon Park
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(17), 9318; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22179318 - 27 Aug 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2415
Abstract
Autophagy is an evolutionally conserved process that recycles aged or damaged intracellular components through a lysosome-dependent pathway. Although this multistep process is propagated in the cytoplasm by the orchestrated activity of the mTOR complex, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, and a set of autophagy-related proteins (ATGs), [...] Read more.
Autophagy is an evolutionally conserved process that recycles aged or damaged intracellular components through a lysosome-dependent pathway. Although this multistep process is propagated in the cytoplasm by the orchestrated activity of the mTOR complex, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, and a set of autophagy-related proteins (ATGs), recent investigations have suggested that autophagy is tightly regulated by nuclear events. Thus, it is conceivable that the nucleolus, as a stress-sensing and -responding intranuclear organelle, plays a role in autophagy regulation, but much is unknown concerning the nucleolar controls in autophagy. In this report, we show a novel nucleolar–cytoplasmic axis that regulates the cytoplasmic autophagy process: nucleolar protein NOP53 regulates the autophagic flux through two divergent pathways, the ZKSCAN3-dependent and -independent pathways. In the ZKSCAN3-dependent pathway, NOP53 transcriptionally activates a master autophagy suppressor ZKSCAN3, thereby inhibiting MAP1LC3B/LC3B induction and autophagy propagation. In the ZKSCAN3-independent pathway, NOP53 physically interacts with histone H3 to dephosphorylate S10 of H3, which, in turn, transcriptionally downregulates the ATG7 and ATG12 expressions. Our results identify nucleolar protein NOP53 as an upstream regulator of the autophagy process. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Autophagy: New Frontier and Perspective)
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Review

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14 pages, 1337 KiB  
Review
Autophagy and Polyphenols in Osteoarthritis: A Focus on Epigenetic Regulation
by Consuelo Arias and Luis A. Salazar
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(1), 421; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23010421 - 31 Dec 2021
Cited by 22 | Viewed by 4322
Abstract
Autophagy is an intracellular mechanism that maintains cellular homeostasis in different tissues. This process declines in cartilage due to aging, which is correlated with osteoarthritis (OA), a multifactorial and degenerative joint disease. Several studies show that microRNAs regulate different steps of autophagy but [...] Read more.
Autophagy is an intracellular mechanism that maintains cellular homeostasis in different tissues. This process declines in cartilage due to aging, which is correlated with osteoarthritis (OA), a multifactorial and degenerative joint disease. Several studies show that microRNAs regulate different steps of autophagy but only a few of them participate in OA. Therefore, epigenetic modifications could represent a therapeutic opportunity during the development of OA. Besides, polyphenols are bioactive components with great potential to counteract diseases, which could reverse altered epigenetic regulation and modify autophagy in cartilage. This review aims to analyze epigenetic mechanisms that are currently associated with autophagy in OA, and to evaluate whether polyphenols are used to reverse the epigenetic alterations generated by aging in the autophagy pathway. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Autophagy: New Frontier and Perspective)
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