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“Coastal Dynamics, Hazards, and Numerical Modelling” in Memory of Prof....
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“Coastal Dynamics, Hazards, and Numerical Modelling” in Memory of Prof. Byung Ho Choi

A special issue of Journal of Marine Science and Engineering (ISSN 2077-1312). This special issue belongs to the section "Coastal Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2022) | Viewed by 25781

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Han Soo Lee

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Graduate School for International Development and Cooperation, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
Interests: coastal hazards; typhoons; climate change impacts on typhoons, storm surge, tsunami, and coastal flood
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Kyeong Ok Kim

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Marine Environmental Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Busan 49111, Korea
Interests: numerical model; coastal circulation; air–wave–sea interaction; typhoon; tsunami; scientific visualization
Dr. Seung-Buhm Woo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Ocean Science, Inha University, Incheon 402-751, Korea
Interests: tide; estuary; sediment; morphological change; finite element model; tsunami modeling
Dr. Jin-Hee Yuk

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Open Data Convergence Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information (KISTI), Daejeon 34141, Korea
Interests: coastal environment; coastal hazard; numerical modeling; construction and analysis of local current data
Dr. Youngjin Choi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
GeoSystem Research Corporation, 172 LS-ro, Gunpo-si 15807, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
Interests: numerical modelling; data assimilation; coupled simulation; time series analysis; environmental tracer modelling; artificial intelligence
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Prof. Byung Ho Choi, a very active contributor to our coastal engineering community and promoter of our discipline, passed away on 3rd July 2020. During his long career, beginning from the late 1970, he made significant contributions to a diverse range of areas, including theory and modeling of regional and global tides, tropical cyclone induced storm surges and waves, tide–wave–surge-coupled storm surge and storm wave modeling, tsunami modeling and field works, coastal environmental impact assessment due to coastal development, and coastal circulation in East Asian marginal seas. His profound influence spanned from theoretical to numerical and practical coastal engineering and oceanography.

Prof. Byung Ho Choi has spent the 30+ years of his successful career at Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, South Korea, one of the oldest institutes in the world. At the time of his initial recruitment, the department was still in the developing stage, and Prof. Byung Ho Choi had the opportunity to help shape the civil engineering department, spending time and energy to initiate and develop the coastal engineering discipline. He developed a vigorous and productive research group that is truly dedicated to teaching coastal engineering at all levels and educating the next generation of coastal and ocean engineers in South Korea.

Prof. Byung Ho Choi was one of the co-founders of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers (KSCOE), renowned for his leadership and initiatives to foster international collaboration on coastal and ocean engineering.

Prof. Byung Ho Choi was a very special person, full of enthusiasm and undeniable energy, complemented by his unique characteristics and sense of humor. He was also a pioneer and never hesitated to try new ideas, often crossing borders of disciplines, which is the legacy he left to his students and colleagues. All of us share the good fortune and privilege to have had him as a dear teacher, friend, and colleague—an extraordinary friend and a terrific professor, from which we all benefited.

We therefore feel obliged and honored to collect a series of papers by his students, friends, and colleagues together in this Special Issue dedicated to Prof. Byung Ho Choi. In this Special Issue, we are interested in articles on coastal processes and coastal dynamics, not only considering tides, waves, storm surges, and tsunamis—which build upon Prof. Choi’s achievements—but also other issues affecting the coastal environment and local and regional circulation in marginal seas, addressing a broad scope and thereby paying tribute to the rich scientific curiosity of Prof. Choi.

Prof. Dr. Han Soo Lee
Dr. Kyeong Ok Kim
Dr. Seung-Buhm Woo
Dr. Jin-Hee Yuk
Dr. YoungJin Choi
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • tides and tsunamis
  • storm surges and storm waves
  • tropical cyclone and typhoons
  • coastal dynamics and circulation
  • coastal processes and sediment
  • tsunami field survey
  • tide–wave–surge-coupled model
  • storm surge modeling
  • tsunami modeling

Published Papers (12 papers)

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Editorial

Jump to: Research, Review

2 pages, 168 KiB  
Editorial
“Coastal Dynamics, Hazards, and Numerical Modelling” in Memory of Prof. Byung Ho Choi
by Han Soo Lee, Kyeong Ok Kim, Jin-Hee Yuk, Seung-Buhm Woo and Youngjin Choi
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2023, 11(3), 488; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse11030488 - 24 Feb 2023
Viewed by 912
Abstract
This Special Issue is dedicated to Prof Byung Ho Choi at SungKyunKwan University, South Korea [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue “Coastal Dynamics, Hazards, and Numerical Modelling” in Memory of Prof. Byung Ho Choi)

Research

Jump to: Editorial, Review

19 pages, 5694 KiB  
Article
Mechanisms of Advective and Tidal Oscillatory Salt Transport in the Hypertidal Estuary: Yeomha Channel in Gyeonggi Bay
by Hye Min Lee, Jong Wook Kim and Seung-Buhm Woo
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2023, 11(2), 287; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse11020287 - 27 Jan 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1269
Abstract
Many estuaries have been damaged by such material movements as marine debris, suspended sediment, and pollutants. Understanding the estuarine circulation system is necessary to solve such problems. Salt transport analysis provides an insight into hydrodynamic processes about material circulation in the estuary. In [...] Read more.
Many estuaries have been damaged by such material movements as marine debris, suspended sediment, and pollutants. Understanding the estuarine circulation system is necessary to solve such problems. Salt transport analysis provides an insight into hydrodynamic processes about material circulation in the estuary. In this study, to understand the mechanisms of salt transport, a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model was applied in the hypertidal estuary system—Yeomha Channel in Gyeonggi Bay. The simulation period of the model was a total of 245 days (20 January to 20 September 2020), including the dry and wet seasons. The model results for the temporal variation in tide, current velocity, and salinity were validated by comparing them with the observed in-situ data. The total salt transport (FS) was calculated in three cross sections of the Yeomha Channel and was decomposed into three components (QfS0: advective salt transport; FE: steady shear dispersion; FT: tidal oscillatory salt transport). During the dry season with strong tidal forces, the total salt transport patterns were mainly dominated by QfS0. During the wet season with high river discharge, the total salt transport patterns were determined by the balance between QfS0, FE, and FT. The long-term tidal constituents (MSf and Mm) were the main mechanisms causing QfS0 with the spring–neap variation during the dry season. The tidal trapping effect, caused by a phase difference of less than 90° between tidal current and salinity, generated landward FT in the dry and wet seasons. In addition, the high river discharge during the wet season decreased the phase difference between tidal current and salinity to less than 70°, resulting in a much stronger landward FT. This study suggests that the long-term tidal constituents and tidal trapping effect are unique characteristics that contribute to material circulation in the hypertidal estuary. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue “Coastal Dynamics, Hazards, and Numerical Modelling” in Memory of Prof. Byung Ho Choi)
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27 pages, 8909 KiB  
Article
Numerical Simulation and Analysis of Water and Suspended Sediment Transport in Hangzhou Bay, China
by Ju Huang, Rui Yuan and Jianrong Zhu
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2022, 10(9), 1248; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10091248 - 5 Sep 2022
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2533
Abstract
Hangzhou Bay is a large, high-turbidity shallow bay located on the southern side of the Changjiang Estuary, China. The process and dynamic mechanisms of water and sediment transport in the bay are not yet clear. An improved three-dimensional sediment numerical model that combined [...] Read more.
Hangzhou Bay is a large, high-turbidity shallow bay located on the southern side of the Changjiang Estuary, China. The process and dynamic mechanisms of water and sediment transport in the bay are not yet clear. An improved three-dimensional sediment numerical model that combined various dynamic factors was established to simulate and analyze these mechanisms. The residual current cannot properly represent the net water and sediment transport, and the residual unit width water flux (RUWF) and residual unit width sediment flux (RUSF) were used to explain the water and sediment transport. The results of numerical simulations indicate that in summer, the surface RUWF from the Changjiang Estuary near Nanhui Cape flows westward along the coast, in which the major part flows southward to the Zhenhai area, and the small part flows further westward along the north coast and then turns to the south coast and eastward, forming the water transport pattern of north-landward and south-seaward, which is stronger in the spring tide than in the neap tide. The bottom RUWF near Zhenhai flows northward to Nanhui Cape in the neap tide, which is larger in the neap tide than in the spring tide. In the middle and western parts of the bay, the RUWF has the same pattern as the surface water transport and is stronger in the spring tide than in the neap tide. The pattern of RUSF is roughly similar to the water flux transport. During the spring tide, the water and sediment transport fluxes near Nanhui Cape are from the Changjiang Estuary into Hangzhou Bay, but from Hangzhou Bay into the Changjiang Estuary during the neap tide. In the winter, the distributions of RUWF, RUSF, and suspended sediment concentration (SSC) are similar to those in the summer. In addition, the distance of surface water transport westward along the north coast is shorter than that in the summer, the magnitude of the bottom RUWF is smaller than that in the summer due to the weaker salinity gradient, and the bottom RUSF near Nanhui Cape is weaker than that in the summer during the neap tide. The net transect water flux (NTWF) and the net transect sediment flux (NTSF) near Nanhui Cape are from the Changjiang Estuary into Hangzhou Bay during the spring tide; during the neap tide, the NTWF is still from the Changjiang Estuary into Hangzhou Bay, but the NTSF is from Hangzhou Bay into the Changjiang Estuary because the SSC is much higher in the bottom layer than in the surface layer. The dynamic reason for the temporal and spatial variation in RUWF and RUSF is that the barotropic pressure gradient force is larger than the baroclinic pressure gradient force during the spring tide and is the opposite during the neap tide. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue “Coastal Dynamics, Hazards, and Numerical Modelling” in Memory of Prof. Byung Ho Choi)
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19 pages, 2055 KiB  
Article
Coastal Zone Environment Integrity Assessment for Sustainable Management: Part 1. Development of Adaptive Expert-Driven Coastal Zone Health Index Framework
by Jonathan Salar Cabrera and Han Soo Lee
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2022, 10(9), 1183; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10091183 - 24 Aug 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2511
Abstract
The coastal zone is the environment that connects terrestrial and marine environments. It is the most productive ecosystem on the planet. It has been estimated that 23 percent of the population lives in the coastal regions. The attractive landscape and seascape of the [...] Read more.
The coastal zone is the environment that connects terrestrial and marine environments. It is the most productive ecosystem on the planet. It has been estimated that 23 percent of the population lives in the coastal regions. The attractive landscape and seascape of the coastal zone environments attract human settlement and increase the economic activities in the area. Unfortunately, massive human urbanization is also attributed to coastal zone ecosystem degradation. In addition, water-related phenomena due to the changing climate also affect the said environment. The negative impacts of human activities and the water-related phenomena typically deplete the environment’s health. Thus, this study developed an adaptive index framework to assess the coastal zone environment condition. The principle of this framework is the sustainable co-existence of human development with the coastal zone environment. The identified coastal cities in the Philippines were utilized as the case study for developing the framework. The results show that the decision-makers are conservationists while extractive. In contrast, environmental educators are conservationists in nature. Moreover, each city has its own unique framework and signifies that the framework is adaptive to the perspective of the decision makers in their city. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue “Coastal Dynamics, Hazards, and Numerical Modelling” in Memory of Prof. Byung Ho Choi)
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8 pages, 1686 KiB  
Article
Tsunami Distribution Functions along the Coast: Extended
by Ira Didenkulova, Andrey Zaitsev and Efim Pelinovsky
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2022, 10(8), 1137; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10081137 - 18 Aug 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1383
Abstract
The distribution of tsunami runup heights along the coast is studied both theoretically and experimentally using observation data of historical tsunami from 1992 to 2018. The physical mechanisms leading to the lognormal distribution of tsunami runup heights along the coast are discussed, and [...] Read more.
The distribution of tsunami runup heights along the coast is studied both theoretically and experimentally using observation data of historical tsunami from 1992 to 2018. The physical mechanisms leading to the lognormal distribution of tsunami runup heights along the coast are discussed, and its statistical moments are calculated. It is shown that the lognormal distribution describes well the measurements of tsunami characteristics over the past 30 years. Special attention is paid to the multi-source 2018 Palu–Sulawesi tsunami, which was generated by an earthquake with magnitude 7.5 and numerous subsequent landslides. It is shown that even in this special case the lognormal distribution is a rather good approximation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue “Coastal Dynamics, Hazards, and Numerical Modelling” in Memory of Prof. Byung Ho Choi)
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21 pages, 6595 KiB  
Article
Effects of Tsunami Shelters in Pandeglang, Banten, Indonesia, Based on Agent-Based Modelling: A Case Study of the 2018 Anak Krakatoa Volcanic Tsunami
by Han Soo Lee, Ricard Diago Sambuaga and Constanza Flores
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2022, 10(8), 1055; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10081055 - 31 Jul 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2664
Abstract
On 22 December 2018, the volcanic eruption of Anak Krakatoa in the Sunda Strait, Indonesia, triggered a tsunami causing 437 deaths. The highest death toll and the second highest number of damaged houses were recorded in Panimbang. This study proposes optimum evacuation shelters [...] Read more.
On 22 December 2018, the volcanic eruption of Anak Krakatoa in the Sunda Strait, Indonesia, triggered a tsunami causing 437 deaths. The highest death toll and the second highest number of damaged houses were recorded in Panimbang. This study proposes optimum evacuation shelters to reduce the mortality rate. A digital elevation model (DEM) and information dataset are used. The suggested horizontal evacuation shelters (HESs) are places of worship, schools, and government offices. Multimodal agent-based modelling (ABM), to analyse the sensitivity of parameters and the effect of vertical evacuation shelters (VESs) under multiple scenarios, is presented for the volcanic tsunami in December 2018. A tsunami hazard map is created by combining relative weights and parameter scores for topography, slope, and the distance from the shoreline and rivers. In the ABM results, the transportation mode choice depicts a significant decrease in the number of casualties. The mortality rate is sensitive to the milling time caused by delay time τ and agent decision-making time σ. VESs are proposed at the hot spots based on the location of deaths in the sensitivity tests and the high and very-high risk zones in the hazard map. As a result, combinations of VESs and HESs show a decrement in the number of deaths by 1.2–2 times compared to those with HESs only. The proposed VESs in the study area have a significant positive impact on decreasing the mortality rate. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue “Coastal Dynamics, Hazards, and Numerical Modelling” in Memory of Prof. Byung Ho Choi)
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12 pages, 3494 KiB  
Article
Maximum Run-Up and Alongshore Mass Transport Due to Edge Waves
by Ho-Jun Yoo, Hyoseob Kim, Changhwan Jang, Ki-Hyun Kim and Tae-Soon Kang
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2022, 10(7), 894; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10070894 - 28 Jun 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1186
Abstract
The edge wave on a uniform-sloped seabed was described by the velocity-potential function by Mok and Yeh in 1999. Edge waves cannot be extended above a certain level from the still-water level, and the upper limit of the run-up of the edge waves [...] Read more.
The edge wave on a uniform-sloped seabed was described by the velocity-potential function by Mok and Yeh in 1999. Edge waves cannot be extended above a certain level from the still-water level, and the upper limit of the run-up of the edge waves for given conditions is found here. In this study, quantitative mass transport by the edge waves of the beach is introduced. The maximum run-up height is decided from the wave’s amplitude at shoreline, and the maximum run-up distance from the shoreline is proportional to the wavelength of the edge waves. The fluid alongshore-mass-transport profile shows that the strongest mass transport rate corresponds to the position offshoreward multiplied by 0.0362 times the wavelength, and its magnitude is 1.23 times the mass-transport rate at the shoreline. The maximum cross-sectional total mass-transport rate is 0.214 times the mass transport at the shoreline, multiplied by the wavelength for the maximum run-up condition. This study suggests that edge waves cannot be increased infinitely and that there is a maximum run-up on the coast. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue “Coastal Dynamics, Hazards, and Numerical Modelling” in Memory of Prof. Byung Ho Choi)
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20 pages, 7198 KiB  
Article
Sediment and Radioactivity Transport in the Bohai, Yellow, and East China Seas: A Modeling Study
by Igor Brovchenko, Kyeong Ok Kim, Vladimir Maderich, Kyung Tae Jung, Roman Bezhenar, Joo Hyung Ryu and Jee Eun Min
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2022, 10(5), 596; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10050596 - 28 Apr 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1706
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the development of a radionuclide dispersion model for the nuclear power plants in the Bohai, Yellow, and East China seas (BYECS) characterized by high turbidity and multi-scale circulations, focusing on the comparison of dispersion processes of 137Cs [...] Read more.
This paper is concerned with the development of a radionuclide dispersion model for the nuclear power plants in the Bohai, Yellow, and East China seas (BYECS) characterized by high turbidity and multi-scale circulations, focusing on the comparison of dispersion processes of 137Cs depending upon, in particular, the suspended sediment concentration and erosion/sedimentation processes. The simulations were carried out using a multi-fraction sediment transport model embedded in the semi-implicit Eulerian–Lagrangian finite-element coupled wave-circulation model linked with the model of radionuclide transport, which describes the key radionuclide transfer processes in the system of water–multi-fraction sediments. In contrast to the Eulerian models used for hydrodynamics and sediment transport processes, the Lagrangian technique was applied to simulate the transport of radionuclides. The simulation results for total suspended concentration agreed with in situ measurements and the Geostationary Ocean Color Imager data. The results of the simulation of hypothetical releases of 137Cs from four nuclear power plants (NPPs) placed in BYECS essentially differ from the real release of activity in the Pacific Ocean shelf due to the Fukushima Daiichi accident, which took place at the same time and released activity that was similar. The total amount of bottom contamination of 137Cs in releases from the Sanmen, Hanbit, and Hongyanhe NPPs was about 40% of dissolved component, and the total amount of suspended component was about 20% of dissolved component, in contrast with the Fukushima Daiichi accident, where the particulate component was only 2%. The results demonstrate the importance of erosion processes in the budget of 137Cs in shallow areas around the Sanmen and Hanbit NPPs, where strong wind and tidal currents took place. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue “Coastal Dynamics, Hazards, and Numerical Modelling” in Memory of Prof. Byung Ho Choi)
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12 pages, 1807 KiB  
Article
Convolution Neural Network for the Prediction of Cochlodinium polykrikoides Bloom in the South Sea of Korea
by Youngjin Choi, Youngmin Park, Weol-Ae Lim, Seung-Hwan Min and Joon-Soo Lee
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2022, 10(1), 31; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10010031 - 29 Dec 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1649
Abstract
In this study, the occurrence of Cochlodinium polykrikoides bloom was predicted based on spatial information. The South Sea of Korea (SSK), where C. polykrikoides bloom occurs every year, was divided into three concentrated areas. For each domain, the optimal model configuration was determined [...] Read more.
In this study, the occurrence of Cochlodinium polykrikoides bloom was predicted based on spatial information. The South Sea of Korea (SSK), where C. polykrikoides bloom occurs every year, was divided into three concentrated areas. For each domain, the optimal model configuration was determined by designing a verification experiment with 1–3 convolutional neural network (CNN) layers and 50–300 training times. Finally, we predicted the occurrence of C. polykrikoides bloom based on 3 CNN layers and 300 training times that showed the best results. The experimental results for the three areas showed that the average pixel accuracy was 96.22%, mean accuracy was 91.55%, mean IU was 81.5%, and frequency weighted IU was 84.57%, all of which showed above 80% prediction accuracy, indicating the achievement of appropriate performance. Our results show that the occurrence of C. polykrikoides bloom can be derived from atmosphere and ocean forecast information. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue “Coastal Dynamics, Hazards, and Numerical Modelling” in Memory of Prof. Byung Ho Choi)
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19 pages, 64275 KiB  
Article
A Fine Grid Tide-Wave-Ocean Circulation Coupled Model for the Yellow Sea: Comparison of Turbulence Closure Schemes in Reproducing Temperature Distributions
by Youngjin Choi, Youngmin Park, Minbum Choi, Kyung Tae Jung and Kyeong Ok Kim
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2021, 9(12), 1460; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse9121460 - 20 Dec 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2775
Abstract
The performance of three turbulence closure schemes (TCSs), the generic length scale scheme (GLS), the Mellor–Yamada 2.5 scheme (MY2.5) and the K-profile parameterization scheme (KPP), embedded in the ocean model ROMS, was compared with attention to the reproduction of summertime temperature distribution in [...] Read more.
The performance of three turbulence closure schemes (TCSs), the generic length scale scheme (GLS), the Mellor–Yamada 2.5 scheme (MY2.5) and the K-profile parameterization scheme (KPP), embedded in the ocean model ROMS, was compared with attention to the reproduction of summertime temperature distribution in the Yellow Sea. The ROMS model has a horizontal resolution of 1/30° and 30 vertical sigma layers. For model validation, root mean square errors were checked, comparing model results with wave and temperature buoy data as well as tidal station data supplied by various organizations within the Republic of Korea. Computed temperature and vertical temperature diffusion coefficients were mainly compared along Lines A (36° N) and B (125° E) crossing the central Yellow Sea, Lines C (32° N) and E (34° N) passing over the Yangtze Bank and Line D off the Taean Peninsula. Calculations showed that GLS and MY2.5 produced vertical mixing stronger than KPP in both the surface and bottom layers, but the overall results were reasonably close to each other. The lack of observational data was a hindrance in comparing the detailed performance between the TCSs. However, it was noted that the simulation capability of cold patches in the tidal mixing front can be useful in identifying the better performing turbulence closure scheme. GLS and MY2.5 clearly produced the cold patch located near the western end of Line E (122° E–122.3° E), while KPP hardly produced its presence. Similar results were obtained along Line D but with a less pronounced tidal mixing front. Along Line C, GLS and MY2.5 produced a cold patch on the western slope of the Yellow Sea, the presence of which had never been reported. Additional measurements near 125° E–126° E of Line C and along the channel off the Taean Peninsula (Line D) are recommended to ensure the relative performance superiority between the TCSs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue “Coastal Dynamics, Hazards, and Numerical Modelling” in Memory of Prof. Byung Ho Choi)
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14 pages, 14842 KiB  
Article
Examination of Computational Performance and Potential Applications of a Global Numerical Weather Prediction Model MPAS Using KISTI Supercomputer NURION
by Ji-Sun Kang, Hunjoo Myung and Jin-Hee Yuk
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2021, 9(10), 1147; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse9101147 - 19 Oct 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1829
Abstract
To predict extreme weather events, we conducted high-resolution global atmosphere modeling and simulation using high-performance computing. Using a new-generation global weather/climate prediction model called MPAS (Model for Prediction Across Scales) with variable resolution, we tested strong scalability on the KISTI (Korea Institute of [...] Read more.
To predict extreme weather events, we conducted high-resolution global atmosphere modeling and simulation using high-performance computing. Using a new-generation global weather/climate prediction model called MPAS (Model for Prediction Across Scales) with variable resolution, we tested strong scalability on the KISTI (Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information) supercomputer NURION. In addition to assessing computational performance, we simulated three typhoons that occurred in 2019 to analyze the forecast accuracy of MPAS. MPAS results were also applied to force an ADCIRC (The Advanced CIRCulation) + SWAN (Simulating Waves Nearshore) model to predict coastal flooding over southern Korea. The time-integration of MPAS showed excellent scalability up to 4096 cores of NURION KNL (KNight Landing) nodes, but a serious I/O bottleneck issue was still found after trying two additional I/O strategies (i.e., adjusting the stripe count and using a burst buffer). On the other hand, the forecast accuracy of MPAS showed very encouraging results for wind and pressure during typhoons. ADCIRC+SWAN also generated a good estimate of significant wave height for typhoon Mitag. The proposed variable-resolution MPAS model, under an efficient computational environment, could be utilized to predict and understand the highly nonlinear chaotic atmosphere and coastal flooding in typhoons. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue “Coastal Dynamics, Hazards, and Numerical Modelling” in Memory of Prof. Byung Ho Choi)
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Review

Jump to: Editorial, Research

17 pages, 2955 KiB  
Review
Development History of the Numerical Simulation of Tides in the East Asian Marginal Seas: An Overview
by Zexun Wei, Haidong Pan, Tengfei Xu, Yonggang Wang and Jian Wang
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2022, 10(7), 984; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10070984 - 19 Jul 2022
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 3078
Abstract
As a ubiquitous movement in the ocean, tides are vital for marine life and numerous marine activities such as fishing and ocean engineering. Tidal dynamics are complicated in the East Asian marginal seas (EAMS) due to changing complex topography and coastlines related to [...] Read more.
As a ubiquitous movement in the ocean, tides are vital for marine life and numerous marine activities such as fishing and ocean engineering. Tidal dynamics are complicated in the East Asian marginal seas (EAMS) due to changing complex topography and coastlines related to human activities (e.g., land reclamation and channel deepening) and natural variability (e.g., seasonal variations of ocean stratification and river flow). As an important tool, numerical models are widely used because they can provide basin-scale patterns of tidal dynamics compared to point-based tide gauges. This paper aims to overview the development history of the numerical simulation of tides in the EAMS, including the Bohai Sea, the Yellow Sea, the East China Sea, the East/Japan Sea, and the South China Sea, provide comprehensive understanding of tidal dynamics, and address contemporary research challenges. The basic features of major tidal constituents obtained by tidal models are reviewed, and the progress in the inversion of spatially and temporally changing model parameters via the adjoint method are presented. We review numerical research on how a changing ocean environment induces tidal evolution and how tides and tidal mixing influence ocean environment in turn. The generation, propagation, and dissipation of internal tides in the EAMS are also reviewed. Although remarkable progresses in tidal dynamics have been made, nonstationary tidal variations are not fully explained yet, and further efforts are needed. In addition, tidal influences on ocean environment still receive limited attention, which deserves special attention. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue “Coastal Dynamics, Hazards, and Numerical Modelling” in Memory of Prof. Byung Ho Choi)
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