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Feature Papers in Refractories and Ceramics: Microstructure, Properties and Applications, Volume II

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A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials Physics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 June 2024 | Viewed by 4092

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Zhong Huang

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Guest Editor

The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, Wuhan University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
Interests: functional refractory; refractory castable; powder technology; porous ceramic; nanomaterials
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Dr. Bin Li

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Guest Editor

School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
Interests: refractory; structure ceramics; nanomaterials; high-temperature ceramic; powder technology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Refractories, as a class of ceramics with high fusion points, are basic materials in high-temperature industries such as metallurgy, cement/glass production and thermal power. Today, “new refractory” is being developed to not only meet the high-temperature support of fine structure precise regulation but also to be designed or tailored to special functional requirements, such as the purification of liquid steel, energy conservation, low carbon emissions and pollution reduction. In terms of eco-friendliness, long life and safety, the overall performance (e.g., mechanical strength, thermal/chemical stability, corrosion/oxidation/thermal shock resistances, workability) of “new refractory” can be greatly improved with the development of new material systems, precise control of microstructures and use of intelligent manufacturing technology.

The “new refractory” is extending the frontiers of design and preparation of traditional high-temperature ceramics and allows significant improvements in high-temperature industries on economic and environmental impacts. In addition, the “structure–function” relationship of these ceramics as related to their high-temperature service performance should be known for every application.

This Special Issue focuses on the development of new refractories and novel ceramics. The potential topics concerning their microstructure, properties and applications include but are not limited to:

Functional refractory;
Novel ceramics;
Non-oxide ceramics;
High-temperature heat-insulating materials;
Green ecological refractory;
Refractory castable;
Refractory raw materials;
High-temperature behavior;
Refractory and inclusions.

Dr. Zhong Huang
Dr. Bin Li
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

refractory
ceramic
non-oxide
castable
green refractory
raw material
microstucture
high-temperature process and behavior.

Related Special Issue

Feature Papers in Refractories and Ceramics: Microstructure, Properties and Applications in Materials (20 articles)

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

9 pages, 2626 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Preparation and Electromagnetic Wave Absorption Properties of N-Doped SiC Nanowires

by Ranran Shi, Zheng Liu, Wenxiu Liu and Jianlei Kuang

Materials 2023, 16(17), 5765; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16175765 - 23 Aug 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 700

Abstract

Enhancing the conductivity loss of SiC nanowires through doping is beneficial for improving their electromagnetic wave absorption performance. In this work, N-doped SiC nanowires were synthesized using three different methods. The results indicate that a large amount of Si₂ON will be generated during the microwave synthesis of SiC nanowires in a nitrogen atmosphere. In addition, the secondary heat-treatment of the as-synthesized SiC nanowires under nitrogen atmosphere will significantly reduce their stacking fault density. When ammonium chloride is introduced as a doped nitrogen source in the reaction raw material, the N-doped SiC nanowires with high-density stacking faults can be synthesized by microwave heating. Therefore, the polarization loss induced by faults and the conductivity loss caused by doping will synergistically enhance the dielectric and EMW absorption properties of SiC nanowires in the range of 2–18 GHz. When the filling ratio of N-doped SiC nanowires is 20 wt.%, the composite shows a minimum reflection loss of –22.2 [email protected] GHz, and an effective absorption (RL ≤ –10 dB) bandwidth of 4.24 GHz at the absorber layer thickness of 2.2 mm. Further, the N-doped SiC nanowires also exhibit enhanced high-temperature EMW absorption properties with increasing temperature. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in Refractories and Ceramics: Microstructure, Properties and Applications, Volume II)

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14 pages, 3533 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Synthesis and Structural and Strength Properties of xLi₂ZrO₃-(1-x)MgO Ceramics—Materials for Blankets

by Dmitriy I. Shlimas, Daryn B. Borgekov, Artem L. Kozlovskiy and Maxim V. Zdorovets

Materials 2023, 16(14), 5176; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16145176 - 23 Jul 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 561

Abstract

The article considers the effect of doping with magnesium oxide (MgO) on changes in the properties of lithium-containing ceramics based on lithium metazirconate (Li₂ZrO₃). There is interest in this type of ceramics on account of their prospects for application in tritium production in thermonuclear power engineering, as well as several other applications related to alternative energy sources. During the investigations undertaken, it was found that variation in the MgO dopant concentration above 0.10–0.15 mol resulted in the formation of impurity inclusions in the ceramic structure in the form of a MgLi₂ZrO₄ phase, the presence of which resulted in a rise in the density of the ceramics, along with elevation in resistance to external influences. Moreover, during experimental work on the study of the thermal stability of the ceramics to external influences, it was found that the formation of two-phase ceramics resulted in growth in the preservation of stable strength properties during high-temperature cyclic tests. The decrease in strength characteristics was observed to be less than 1%. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in Refractories and Ceramics: Microstructure, Properties and Applications, Volume II)

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12 pages, 4289 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Study of the Aid Effect of CuO-TiO₂-Nb₂O₅ on the Dielectric and Structural Properties of Alumina Ceramics

by Rafael I. Shakirzyanov, Natalia O. Volodina, Kayrat K. Kadyrzhanov, Artem L. Kozlovskiy, Dmitriy I. Shlimas, Gulzada A. Baimbetova, Daryn B. Borgekov and Maxim V. Zdorovets

Materials 2023, 16(14), 5018; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16145018 - 15 Jul 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 626

Abstract

The aim of this work is to study the structural, dielectric, and mechanical properties of aluminum oxide ceramics with the triple sintering additive 4CuO-TiO₂-2Nb₂O₅. With an increase in sintering temperature from 1050 to 1500 °C, the average grain size and the microhardness value at a load of 100 N (HV0.1) increased with increasing density. It has been shown that at a sintering temperature of 1300 °C, the addition of a 4CuO-TiO₂-2Nb₂O₅ additive increases the low-frequency permittivity (2–500 Hz) in alumina ceramic by more than an order of magnitude due to the presence of a quadruple perovskite phase. At the same time, the density of such ceramics reached 89% of the theoretical density of α-Al₂O₃, and the microhardness value HV0.1 was 1344. It was observed that the introduction of 5 wt.% 4CuO-TiO₂-2Nb₂O₅ in the raw mixture remarkably increases values of shrinkage and density of sintered ceramics. Overall, the results of this work confirmed that introducing the 4CuO-TiO₂-2Nb₂O₅ sintering additive in the standard solid-phase ceramics route can significantly reduce the processing temperature of alumina ceramics, even when micron-sized powders are used as a starting material. The obtained samples demonstrated the potential of α-Al₂O₃ with the triple additive in such applications as electronics, microwave technology, and nuclear power engineering. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in Refractories and Ceramics: Microstructure, Properties and Applications, Volume II)

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15 pages, 12203 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Effect of Zr₂Al₄C₅ Content on the Mechanical Properties and Oxidation Behavior of ZrB₂-SiC-Zr₂Al₄C₅ Ceramics

by Qilong Guo, Liang Hua, Hao Ying, Ronghao Liu, Mei Lin, Leilei Li and Jing Wang

Materials 2023, 16(12), 4495; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16124495 - 20 Jun 2023

Viewed by 990

Abstract

ZrB₂-SiC-Zr₂Al₄C₅ multi-phase ceramics with uniform structure and high density were successfully prepared through the introduction of in situ synthesized Zr₂Al₄C₅ into ZrB₂-SiC ceramic via SPS at 1800 °C. A systematic analysis and discussion of the experimental results and proposed mechanisms were carried out to demonstrate the composition-dependent sintering properties, mechanical properties and oxidation behavior. The results showed that the in situ synthesized Zr₂Al₄C₅ could be evenly distributed in the ZrB₂-SiC ceramic matrix and inhibited the growth of ZrB₂ grains, which played a positive role in the sintering densification of the composite ceramics. With increasing Zr₂Al₄C₅ content, the Vickers hardness and Young’s modulus of composite ceramics gradually decreased. The fracture toughness showed a trend that first increased and then decreased, and was increased by about 30% compared with ZrB₂-SiC ceramics. The major phases resulting from the oxidation of samples were ZrO₂, ZrSiO₄, aluminosilicate and SiO₂ glass. With increasing Zr₂Al₄C₅ content, the oxidative weight showed a trend that first increased then decreased; the composite ceramic with 30 vol.% Zr₂Al₄C₅ showed the smallest oxidative weight gain. We believe that the presence of Zr₂Al₄C₅ results in the formation of Al₂O₃ during the oxidation process, subsequently resulting in a lowering of the viscosity of the glassy silica scale, which in turn intensifies the oxidation of the composite ceramics. This would also increase oxygen permeation through the scale, adversely affecting the oxidation resistance of the composites with high Zr₂Al₄C₅ content. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in Refractories and Ceramics: Microstructure, Properties and Applications, Volume II)

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11 pages, 7177 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Low-Temperature Fabrication of Plate-like α-Al₂O₃ with Less NH₄F Additive

by Haiyang Chen, Bin Li, Meng Liu, Xue Yang, Jie Liu, Tingwei Qin, Zejian Xue, Yun Xing and Junhong Chen

Materials 2023, 16(12), 4415; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16124415 - 15 Jun 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 883

Abstract

Fluorinated compounds are effective mineralization agents for the fabrication of plate-like α-Al₂O₃. However, in the preparation of plate-like α-Al₂O₃, it is still an extremely challenging task to reduce the content of fluoride while ensuring a low synthesis temperature. Herein, oxalic acid and NH₄F are proposed for the first time as additives in the preparation of plate-like α-Al₂O₃. The results showed that plate-like α-Al₂O₃ can be synthesized at a low temperature of 850 °C with the synergistic effect of oxalic acid and 1 wt.% NH₄F. Additionally, the synergistic effect of oxalic acid and NH₄F not only can reduce the conversion temperature of α-Al₂O₃ but also can change the phase transition sequence. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in Refractories and Ceramics: Microstructure, Properties and Applications, Volume II)

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