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Anodized Nanoporous Materials: Porous Silicon, Nanoporous Alumina, and Titania Nanotube...
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Anodized Nanoporous Materials: Porous Silicon, Nanoporous Alumina, and Titania Nanotube Arrays

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2019) | Viewed by 17394

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Tushar Kumeria

E-Mail Website1 Website2 Website3
Guest Editor
School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales-Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
Interests: nanoporous materials; electrochemical anodization; drug delivery; sensing; photonics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue of /Materials/ will focus on nanoporous materials fabricated by the electrochemical anodization process. Anodization is an industrially-significant technique, which has been used for over a century to primarily protect the surface of metals. Through this process, a large variety of nanoporous materials from valve metals can be prepared, but the most common nanoporous materials made using anodization include porous silicon, nanoporous alumina, and titania nanotube arrays. These materials due to their tunable pore morphology and dimensions have become very popular for a broad range of applications. For example, porous silicon and porous alumina are suitable for development of optical and photonic sensing devices, drug delivery and molecular separation, whereas titania nanotube arrays are mainly applied in localized drug delivery systems and implants.

The aim of this Special Issue will be to cover the recent advances in both the fundamental and applied research in the field of anodized nanoporous materials. This Special Issue will cover the broad area of anodized nanoporous materials starting from the development of new nanoporous materials in terms of structure to optical, chemical, and photonic properties to the applications for anodized nanoporous materials in drug delivery, sensing, and molecular separation. Thus, we invite submissions from various research areas in chemistry, biology, materials, and so on. We encourage high-quality research articles containing original scientific results and review articles elaborating on the properties and features of anodized nanoporous materials are encouraged for submission to this Special Issue.

Potential topics include, but are not limited to, the following:

  1. Development of novel anodized nanoporous materials.
  2. Development of nanoporous materials based optical, photonic, and electrochemical sensors.
  3. Development of nanoporous materials based drug delivery systems for systemic and localized delivery.
  4. Interaction of nanoporous materials with biological systems like cells, proteins, nucleotides, etc.
  5. Development of nanoporous materials based corrosion protection and anti-biofouling systems.
  6. Development of nanoporous membranes based molecular separation and desalination systems.

Dr. Tushar Kumeria
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • electrochemical anodization
  • porous silicon
  • nanoporous alumina
  • titania nanotube arrays

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

10 pages, 2120 KiB  
Article
Modeling the Physical Properties of Gamma Alumina Catalyst Carrier Based on an Artificial Neural Network
by Hasan Sh. Majdi, Amir N. Saud and Safaa N. Saud
Materials 2019, 12(11), 1752; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12111752 - 29 May 2019
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2597
Abstract
Porous γ-alumina is widely used as a catalyst carrier due to its chemical properties. These properties are strongly correlated with the physical properties of the material, such as porosity, density, shrinkage, and surface area. This study presents a technique that is less time [...] Read more.
Porous γ-alumina is widely used as a catalyst carrier due to its chemical properties. These properties are strongly correlated with the physical properties of the material, such as porosity, density, shrinkage, and surface area. This study presents a technique that is less time consuming than other techniques to predict the values of the above-mentioned physical properties of porous γ-alumina via an artificial neural network (ANN) numerical model. The experimental data that was implemented was determined based on 30 samples that varied in terms of sintering temperature, yeast concentration, and socking time. Of the 30 experimental samples, 25 samples were used for training purposes, while the other five samples were used for the execution of the experimental procedure. The results showed that the prediction and experimental data were in good agreement, and it was concluded that the proposed model is proficient at providing high accuracy estimation data derived from any complex analytical equation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anodized Nanoporous Materials: Porous Silicon, Nanoporous Alumina, and Titania Nanotube Arrays)
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9 pages, 6391 KiB  
Article
Anodic Fabrication of Ti-Ni-Si-O Nanostructures on Ti10Ni5Si Alloy
by Ting Li, Dongyan Ding and Nan Li
Materials 2019, 12(8), 1315; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12081315 - 23 Apr 2019
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2592
Abstract
Ti-Ni-Si-O nanostructures were synthesized on Ti10Ni5Si alloy through an electrochemical anodization in electrolyte solutions containing ammonium fluoride (NH4F). The anodic oxide structures were affected by the electrochemical anodization parameters, including the electrolyte viscosity, water content, anodization potential and anodization time. Using [...] Read more.
Ti-Ni-Si-O nanostructures were synthesized on Ti10Ni5Si alloy through an electrochemical anodization in electrolyte solutions containing ammonium fluoride (NH4F). The anodic oxide structures were affected by the electrochemical anodization parameters, including the electrolyte viscosity, water content, anodization potential and anodization time. Using an anodization potential of 40 V for 90 min in an ethylene glycol/glycerol electrolyte with 3 vol.% deionized water, highly ordered self-organized nanotube arrays were obtained in the α-Ti phase region of the alloy substrate, with an average inner diameter of 70 nm and a wall thickness of about 12 nm. Self-organized nanopore structures with an average pore diameter of 25 nm grew in the Ti5Si3 phase region. Only etching pits were found in the Ti2Ni phase region. The Ti-Ni-Si-O nanostructures were characterized using scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy. In addition, a formation mechanism of different nanostructures was presented. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anodized Nanoporous Materials: Porous Silicon, Nanoporous Alumina, and Titania Nanotube Arrays)
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11 pages, 5848 KiB  
Article
Influence of Anodizing Parameters on Surface Morphology and Surface-Free Energy of Al2O3 Layers Produced on EN AW-5251 Alloy
by Marek Bara, Mateusz Niedźwiedź and Władysław Skoneczny
Materials 2019, 12(5), 695; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12050695 - 27 Feb 2019
Cited by 19 | Viewed by 2592
Abstract
The paper presents the influence of the surface anodizing parameters of the aluminum alloy EN AW-5251 on the physicochemical properties of the oxide layers produced on it. Micrographs of the surface of the oxide layers were taken using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). [...] Read more.
The paper presents the influence of the surface anodizing parameters of the aluminum alloy EN AW-5251 on the physicochemical properties of the oxide layers produced on it. Micrographs of the surface of the oxide layers were taken using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The chemical composition of cross-sections from the oxide layers was studied using energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The phase structure of the Al2O3 layers was determined by the pattern method using X-ray diffractometry (XRD). The nanomorphology of the oxide layers were analyzed based on microscopic photographs using the ImageJ 1.50i program. The energetic state of the layers was based on the surface-free energy (SFE), calculated from measurements of contact angles using the Owens-Wendt method. The highest surface-free energy value (49.12 mJ/m2) was recorded for the sample produced at 293 K, 3 A/dm2, in 60 min. The lowest surface-free energy value (31.36 mJ/m2) was recorded for the sample produced at 283 K, 1 A/dm2, in 20 min (the only hydrophobic layer). The highest average value nanopore area (2358.7 nm2) was recorded for the sample produced at 303 K, 4 A/dm2, in 45 min. The lowest average value nanopore area (183 nm2) was recorded for the sample produced at 313 K, 1 A/dm2, in 20 min. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anodized Nanoporous Materials: Porous Silicon, Nanoporous Alumina, and Titania Nanotube Arrays)
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13 pages, 3083 KiB  
Article
Systematic Degradation Rate Analysis of Surface-Functionalized Porous Silicon Nanoparticles
by Rae Hyung Kang, Seo Hyeon Lee, Sangrim Kang, Jinyoung Kang, Junho K. Hur and Dokyoung Kim
Materials 2019, 12(4), 580; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12040580 - 15 Feb 2019
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3643
Abstract
Porous silicon nanoparticles (pSiNPs) have been utilized within a wide spectrum of biological studies, as well as in chemistry, chemical biology, and biomedical fields. Recently, pSiNPs have been constantly coming under the spotlight, mostly in biomedical applications, due to their advantages, such as [...] Read more.
Porous silicon nanoparticles (pSiNPs) have been utilized within a wide spectrum of biological studies, as well as in chemistry, chemical biology, and biomedical fields. Recently, pSiNPs have been constantly coming under the spotlight, mostly in biomedical applications, due to their advantages, such as controlled-release drug delivery in vivo by hydrolysis-induced degradation, self-reporting property through long life-time photoluminescence, high loading efficiency of substrate into pore, and the homing to specific cells/organ/bacteria by surface functionalization. However, the systematic degradation rate analysis of surface-functionalized pSiNPs in different biological media has not been conducted yet. In this paper, we prepared four different surface-functionalized pSiNPs samples and analyzed the degradation rate in six different media (DI H2O (deionized water), PBS (phosphate-buffered saline), HS (human serum), DMEM (Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium), LB (lysogeny broth), and BHI (brain heart infusion)). The obtained results will now contribute to understanding the correlation between surface functionalization in the pSiNPs and the degradation rate in different biological media. The characterized data with the author’s suggestions will provide useful insights in designing the new pSiNPs formulation for biomedical applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anodized Nanoporous Materials: Porous Silicon, Nanoporous Alumina, and Titania Nanotube Arrays)
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Graphical abstract

14 pages, 3062 KiB  
Article
Rapid Processing of Wafer-Scale Anti-Reflecting 3D Hierarchical Structures on Silicon and Its Templation
by Harsimran Singh Bindra, Jaikrishna R., Tushar Kumeria and Ranu Nayak
Materials 2018, 11(12), 2586; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma11122586 - 18 Dec 2018
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 5450
Abstract
Hierarchically structured silicon (Si) surfaces with a combination of micro/nano-structures are highly explored for their unique surface and optical properties. In this context, we propose a rapid and facile electroless method to realize hierarchical structures on an entire Si wafer of 3″ diameter. [...] Read more.
Hierarchically structured silicon (Si) surfaces with a combination of micro/nano-structures are highly explored for their unique surface and optical properties. In this context, we propose a rapid and facile electroless method to realize hierarchical structures on an entire Si wafer of 3″ diameter. The overall process takes only 65 s to complete, unlike any conventional wet chemical approach that often combines a wet anisotropic etching of (100) Si followed by a metal nanoparticle catalyst etching. Hierarchical surface texturing on Si demonstrates a broadband highly reduced reflectance with average R% ~ 2.7% within 300–1400 nm wavelength. The as-fabricated hierarchical structured Si was also templated on a thin transparent layer of Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) that further demonstrated prospects for improved solar encapsulation with high optical clarity and low reflectance (90% and 2.8%). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anodized Nanoporous Materials: Porous Silicon, Nanoporous Alumina, and Titania Nanotube Arrays)
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