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Hydrogen Production and Utilization

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A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Energy Sustainability".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2018) | Viewed by 24014

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Dr. Muhammad Aziz

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Guest Editor

Department of Mechanical and Biofunctional Systems, Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
Interests: energy systems; process design; power generation; carbon capture and storage; hydrogen production; renewable energy; energy conservation; energy and exergy analysis; exergy recovery; electric vehicle; batteries; smart grid
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Hydrogen is a secondary energy source (energy carrier), which is believed very important in global energy systems. Although it is currently mainly produced from fossil fuels, including natural gas, coal, and oil, the increasing share of renewable energy, such as biomass, wind and PV, is also believed to increase the share of hydrogen utilization in our energy system. Therefore, effective, clean and efficient hydrogen production, storage, transportation, and utilization are urgently demanded.

This Special Issue focuses on both hydrogen production and utilization, including its storage and transportation. The following topics are welcomed, but the Special Issue is not limited to them.

Hydrogen production and utilization system
Conversion processes, such as gasification, shift reaction, chemical looping, etc.
Liquid organic hydrogen carrier
Hydrogen to ammonia
Ammonia utilization, especially for energy harvesting
Metal hydrides
Hydrogen liquefaction
Hydrogenation and dehydrogenation
Hydrogen transportation
Efficient hydrogen-based power generation, such as Graz cycle, fuel cell, etc.
Catalyst for hydrogen production, storage and utilization.
Economic analysis on hydrogen production, storage, transportation, and utilization
Environmental assessment
Integrated system

Accordingly, this Special Issue is open for the following types of manuscripts covering the whole breadth of sustainable urban and rural development issues and concerns:

Original research articles;
review articles;
technical report;

Prof. Dr. Muhammad Aziz
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

hydrogen production
hydrogen storage
transportation
utilization
liquid organic hydrogen carrier
ammonia
metal hydride
hydrogen liquefaction
compression
catalyst
gasification
chemical looping
shift reaction
fuel cell
integrated system
hydrogenation
dehydrogenation
Graz cycle
economic analysis
environmental assessment

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 3189 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A Fuzzy Adaptive PID Controller Design for Fuel Cell Power Plant

by Yuxiao Qin, Li Sun, Qingsong Hua and Ping Liu

Sustainability 2018, 10(7), 2438; https://doi.org/10.3390/su10072438 - 12 Jul 2018

Cited by 35 | Viewed by 4831

Abstract

Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are promising electrochemical devices which translate chemical energy directly into electric energy with high efficiency and low pollution. However, the control of the output voltage of SOFCs is quite challenging because of the strong nonlinearity, limited fuel flow, and rapid variation of the load disturbance. Nowadays, proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controllers are commonly utilized in industrial control systems for their high reliability and simplicity. However, it will lead to overshoot and windup issues when used in the wide-range operation of SOFCs. This paper aims to improve the PID controller performance based on fuzzy logic by (1) identifying a linear model based on the least squares method; (2) optimizing the PID parameters based on the generated linear model; and (3) designing a fuzzy adaptive PID controller based on the optimized parameters. The simulation results of the conventional PID controller and the fuzzy adaptive PID controller are compared, demonstrating that the proposed controller can achieve satisfactory control performance for SOFCs in terms of anti-windup, overshoot reduction, and tracking acceleration. The main contribution of this paper can be summarized as: (1) this paper identifies the SOFC model and uses the identified model as a control object to optimize conventional PID controllers; (2) this paper combines a fuzzy logic control scheme and PID control scheme to design our proposed fuzzy adaptive PID controller; and (3) this paper develops an anti-windup structure based on a back-calculation method to reduce saturation time and overshoot. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hydrogen Production and Utilization)

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15 pages, 600 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Effects of Perceived Barriers on Innovation Resistance of Hydrogen-Electric Motorcycles

by Han-Shen Chen, Bi-Kun Tsai and Chi-Ming Hsieh

Sustainability 2018, 10(6), 1933; https://doi.org/10.3390/su10061933 - 09 Jun 2018

Cited by 34 | Viewed by 5880

Abstract

As environmental awareness among the public gradually improves, it is predicted that the trend of green consumption will make green products enter the mainstream market. Hydrogen-electric motorcycles, with eco-friendly and energy-efficient characteristics, have great advantages for development. However, as a type of innovative product, hydrogen-electric motorcycles require further examination with regard to consumer acceptance and external variables of the products. In this study, consumer behavioral intention (BI) for the use of hydrogen-electric motorcycles and its influencing factors are discussed, using innovation resistance as the basis and environmental concern as the adjusting variable. Consumers’ willingness-to-pay (WTP) for hydrogen-electric motorcycles is estimated using the contingent valuation method (CVM). The results found that (1) perception barriers, viz., usage barrier, value barrier, risk barrier, tradition barrier, and price barrier are statistically significant, whereas image barrier is not; (2) a high degree of environmental concern will reduce the consumers’ innovation resistance to the hydrogen-electric motorcycles; (3) up to 94.79% of the respondents of the designed questionnaire suggested that the promotion of hydrogen-electric motorcycles requires a subsidy of 21.9% of the total price from the government. The mean WTP of consumers for the purchase of hydrogen-electric motorcycles is 10–15% higher than that of traditional motorcycles. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hydrogen Production and Utilization)

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26 pages, 2870 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Hydrogen Supply Chains for Mobility—Environmental and Economic Assessment

by Christina Wulf and Martin Kaltschmitt

Sustainability 2018, 10(6), 1699; https://doi.org/10.3390/su10061699 - 23 May 2018

Cited by 72 | Viewed by 9071

Abstract

Hydrogen mobility is one option for reducing local emissions, avoiding greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and moving away from a mainly oil-based transport system towards a diversification of energy sources. As hydrogen production can be based on a broad variety of technologies already existing or under development, a comprehensive assessment of the different supply chains is necessary regarding not only costs but also diverse environmental impacts. Therefore, in this paper, a broad variety of hydrogen production technologies using different energy sources, renewable and fossil, are exemplarily assessed with the help of a Life Cycle Assessment and a cost assessment for Germany. As environmental impacts, along with the impact category Climate change, five more advanced impact categories are assessed. The results show that from an environmental point of view, PEM and alkaline electrolysis are characterized by the lowest results in five out of six impact categories. Supply chains using fossil fuels, in contrast, have the lowest supply costs; this is true, e.g., for steam methane reforming. Solar powered hydrogen production shows low impacts during hydrogen production but high impacts for transport and distribution to Germany. There is no single supply chain that is the most promising for every aspect assessed here. Either costs have to be lowered further or supply chains with selected environmental impacts have to be modified. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hydrogen Production and Utilization)

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19 pages, 7559 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Multiple Model Predictive Hybrid Feedforward Control of Fuel Cell Power Generation System

by Long Wu, Li Sun, Jiong Shen and Qingsong Hua

Sustainability 2018, 10(2), 437; https://doi.org/10.3390/su10020437 - 08 Feb 2018

Cited by 10 | Viewed by 3610

Abstract

Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is widely considered as an alternative solution among the family of the sustainable distributed generation. Its load flexibility enables it adjusting the power output to meet the requirements from power grid balance. Although promising, its control is challenging when faced with load changes, during which the output voltage is required to be maintained as constant and fuel utilization rate kept within a safe range. Moreover, it makes the control even more intractable because of the multivariable coupling and strong nonlinearity within the wide-range operating conditions. To this end, this paper developed a multiple model predictive control strategy for reliable SOFC operation. The resistance load is regarded as a measurable disturbance, which is an input to the model predictive control as feedforward compensation. The coupling is accommodated by the receding horizon optimization. The nonlinearity is mitigated by the multiple linear models, the weighted sum of which serves as the final control execution. The merits of the proposed control structure are demonstrated by the simulation results. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hydrogen Production and Utilization)

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