Mineralocorticoid Receptor Signaling in Peripheral Blood Cells in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. MR Is Expressed in Major PBMC Subsets
2.2. Ovarian Tumor Domain-Containing DUB 1 (OTUD1) Is a Marker for MR Signaling in PBMCs
2.3. MR and OTUD1 Expression Can Reliably Be Measured in Lysed Whole Blood Samples
2.4. In Multiple Sclerosis, the Expression of Both MR and OTUD1 Is Altered
2.5. Disease-Modifying Treatments Differentially Affect MR and OTUD1 Expression
3. Discussion
3.1. Relevance of Detected MR Signaling and OTUD1 in the Context of Autoimmunity
3.2. The Search for MR Marker Genes Relevant In Vivo
3.3. Role of MR Signaling in MS
3.4. Future Aims and Perspectives
4. Conclusions
5. Materials and Methods
5.1. Subjects
5.2. Clinical Assessment of Patients’ Disability (EDSS)
5.3. Cell Culture
5.4. RNA Isolation and cDNA Synthesis
5.5. Gene Expression Analysis (Microarray)
5.6. Quantitative Real-Time PCR
5.7. Statistics
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Healthy Controls | MS Patients | EDSS Groups | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0–1.5 | 2–3 | 3.5–4.5 | >5 | |||||
n (%) | 42 | 119 | 37 (31.1) | 47 (39.5) | 24 (20.2) | 11 (9.2) | ||
Age [years]: mean (SD)] | 33.6 (10.2) | 38.9 (10.4) | 35.0 (9.9) | 36.7 (8.9) | 45.8 (10.6) | 46.0 (7.2) | ||
Female: n (%) | 25 (59.5) | 86 (72.3) | 28 (75.7) | 37 (78.7) | 16 (66.7) | 5 (45.5) | ||
Disease duration [years]: mean (SD) | 6.4 (7.0) | 2.9 (3.3) | 4.8 (5.1) | 12.9 (9.1) | 11.2 (7.5) | |||
Disease course [n] (CIS/RRMS/SPMS) | (14/99/6) | (8/29/0) | (6/41/0) | (0/23/1) | (0/6/5) | |||
Treatment: n (%) | ||||||||
no treatment | 42 (35.3) | 19 (51.4) | 17 (36.2) | 2 (8.3) | 4 (36.4) | |||
interferon β | 44 (37.0) | 11 (29.7) | 14 (29.8) | 15 (62.5) | 4 (36.4) | |||
fingolimod | 33 (27.7) | 7 (18.9) | 16 (34.0) | 7 (29.2) | 3 (27.3) | |||
Healthy controls | MS patients | Treatment | ||||||
no treatment | interferon β | fingolimod | ||||||
n (%) | 42 | 119 | 42 (35.3) | 44 (37.0) | 33 (27.7) | |||
Age [years]: mean (SD) | 33.6 (10.2) | 38.9 (10.4) | 37.6 (10.4) | 38.5 (10.8) | 41.1 (9.3) | |||
Female: n (%) | 25 (59.5) | 86 (72.3) | 28 (66.7) | 31 (70.5) | 24 (72.7) | |||
Disease duration [years]: mean (SD) | 6.4 (7.0) | 3.6 (5.4) | 7.5 (7.4) | 8.6 (7.3) | ||||
Disease course [n]: (CIS/RRMS/SPMS) | (14/99/6) | (13/27/3) | (1/42/1) | (0/30/2) |
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Küstermann, F.; Busse, K.; Orthgieß, J.; Stoppe, M.; Haars, S.; Then Bergh, F. Mineralocorticoid Receptor Signaling in Peripheral Blood Cells in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 8883. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25168883
Küstermann F, Busse K, Orthgieß J, Stoppe M, Haars S, Then Bergh F. Mineralocorticoid Receptor Signaling in Peripheral Blood Cells in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(16):8883. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25168883
Chicago/Turabian StyleKüstermann, Franziska, Kathy Busse, Johannes Orthgieß, Muriel Stoppe, Sarah Haars, and Florian Then Bergh. 2024. "Mineralocorticoid Receptor Signaling in Peripheral Blood Cells in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 16: 8883. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25168883