International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Volume 26, Issue 10

Cervical cancer ranks third among malignant diseases of the female reproductive system and progressively develops through a series of pathological changes known as cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). Despite being extremely aggressive and causi...

Since the discovery of the first family member by Cosens and Mannings over 50 years ago [...]

Oral cellular aging plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of chronic periodontitis and alveolar bone resorption. Although activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) has been implicated as a senescence-associated factor, its specific role in periodo...

Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) contains mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs), but their contribution to PTC progression is not clear. In this study, we compared the transcriptional signatures of normal thyroid (NT) and PTC-derived MSCs with the aim...

Sarcopenic obesity (SO), characterized by an excess of fat and a decrease in muscle strength or mass, is a global public health concern and is linked to metabolic conditions such as metabolic syndrome (MetS). Different mechanisms contribute to SO, su...

This research aimed to co-produce CQDs and hydrochar from natural sources to improve the photocatalytic properties of TiO₂. Juice extract from Citrus lemon fruits from south-eastern Spain was used as the carbon precursor. The synthesis strategy of th...

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is distinguished by metabolic irregularities and unique immunological profiles. Nevertheless, the comprehensive examination of immune and metabolic attributes within the tumor microenvironment of ccRCC remains...

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic joint disorder characterized by progressive degeneration of articular cartilage, pain, synovial inflammation, and bone remodeling. Post-transcriptional RNA modifications, known as epitranscriptome, are a group of bioc...

CB₁ and CB₂ cannabinoid receptors are members of the GPCR superfamily that modulate the effects of endocannabinoids. CB₁ is the most abundant CB receptor in the central nervous system, while CB₂ is present both peripherally and in the brain. CB₂ play...

Drought represents a prevalent abiotic stress in terrestrial plants, frequently impairing crop growth and yield. In this paper, we characterized the functional role of OsNAC25, a member of the NAC transcription factor family, in drought tolerance. Os...

In atherosclerosis, the proliferation and migration of endothelial and smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and platelet activation alter endothelial function. Naturally occurring substances, such as caffeic acid (CA) and Trametes versicolor extract (TvE), hav...

Studying the cell cycle is essential for understanding the molecular mechanisms that regulate cell division, growth, and differentiation in living organisms. However, mitosis constitutes only a brief phase of the overall cell cycle, making its analys...

Interferon signature is one of the key pathogenic pathways in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs), particularly in dermatomyositis (DM). The aim of this study was to analyze Siglec-1, an interferon-inducible receptor, on different monocyte subs...

The prediction of microRNA-disease associations (MDAs) is crucial for understanding disease mechanisms and biomarker discovery. While graph neural networks have emerged as promising tools for MDA prediction, existing methods face critical limitations...

Barrier function regulation, angiogenic potential, and immune response modulation are only a few of the many roles of the vascular system that nowadays represent one of the main targets for environmental pollutants, in particular, pesticides. We have...

Th17 lymphocytes are a distinct subpopulation of T cells that are characterized by the production of interleukins IL-17, IL-21, IL-22, and IL-26, and high expression of RORγt. These cells play an important role in inflammation and autoimmune di...

We aim to investigate the role of the Herpesviridae family (HHV) in the onset and progression of prostate cancer (PCa) and to profile the local PCa immunological status. A total of 116 “tru-cut” biopsies (58 PCa and 58 benign prostatic hy...

In this study, we have examined the neuroprotective effects of cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) in models of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We used in vitro electrophysiological recording in hippocampal slices and performed proteomic analysis of cortical t...

The widespread use of plastics has led to a substantial increase in plastic waste, resulting in the dissemination of plastic debris throughout ecosystems and posing significant threats to biota. Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), a commonly used pla...

The agro-industrial sector generates large volumes of fruit waste each year, leading to environmental concerns and sustainability challenges. In this study, we evaluate the potential of fruit residues—apple, pear, blueberry, tomato, papaya, and...

Mucopolysaccharidosis type IVA (MPS IVA, Morquio A syndrome) is a rare inherited disorder characterized by skeletal dysplasia due to deficient N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfate sulfatase activity, resulting in glycosaminoglycan (GAG) accumulation. Iden...

Non-replicative herpes simplex virus type 1 (nrHSV-1) vectors are promising delivery vehicles for gene therapy due to their large DNA payload capacity and ability to infect a broad range of cell types. However, the genomic deletions made to generate...

(1) The primary prostate cancer treatment involves androgen deprivation therapy, with or without chemotherapy. Immunotherapy has emerged as a promising strategy against cancer due to its ability to modulate the immune system, overcome immune evasion,...

NAC1, a transcription regulator protein associated with cancer, is highly expressed in several tumor types, including ovarian cancer. However, it remains unclear how NAC1 is involved in carcinogenesis. Our previous studies demonstrated that the knock...

Cancers represent a significant global health concern, being among the most prevalent malignancies and contributing substantially to morbidity and mortality rates. Notably, colorectal, gastric, pancreatic, and liver cancers are the most frequently di...

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a leading cause of stroke, heart failure, and cardiovascular morbidity, yet its pathophysiology remains incompletely understood. Among various molecular regulators, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as promising biomarkers f...

Obesity cardiomyopathy (OCM) represents a rapidly growing health concern globally, characterized by metabolic, structural, and functional abnormalities of the heart. Current research has demonstrated that inflammation plays a pivotal role in obesity-...

Oxidative stress and inflammation influence immune response and epigenetic mechanisms in infectious diseases. In mild COVID-19, host-encoded miRNA profiles remain underexplored, although they reveal mechanistic insights into disease pathogenesis. Thi...

In chronic kidney disease (CKD) research, animal models such as the unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) rodent model are crucial to understanding disease progression, particularly renal fibrosis. Despite its widespread use, the molecular mechanisms...

Psychosis constitutes a cardinal component of schizophrenia and affects nearly fifty percent of those with bipolar disorder. We sought to molecularly characterize psychosis segregating in consanguineous families. Participants from eight multiplex fam...

Congenital heart disease (CHD) represents a prevalent group of structural cardiac anomalies often associated with alterations in key transcription factors including NKX2-5, TBX5, and, particularly, GATA4. GATA4 is a zinc finger transcription factor e...

SQUAMOSA promoter-binding protein-like (SPL) transcription factors specific to plants are vital for regulating growth, development, secondary metabolite biosynthesis, and responses to both biotic and abiotic stresses. Despite their importance, no sys...

The renin–angiotensin system (RAS) is the main endocrine and tissular component responsible for controlling cardiovascular homeostasis, which can be modulated by estrogen levels. This study investigated the effects of hormone treatments with es...

Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is a common type of sensorineural hearing loss caused by exposure to high-intensity noise that leads to irreversible cochlear damage. Despite extensive research on cochlear pathophysiology, the precise mechanisms rem...

Epigenetic dysregulation has emerged as an important player in the pathobiology of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and Huntington’s diseases. Aberrant DNA methylation, histone modifications, and...

Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient for antioxidant defense. Selenoproteins are involved in metabolic and signaling pathways of autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases. Copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) are integral components of key enzymes and reg...

There are two types of noninvasive biomarkers of human embryo developmental potential: those based on a direct assessment of embryo morphology over time and those using spent media after embryo in vitro culture as source of information. Both are deri...

The neurotrophic system includes neurotrophins, such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its precursor proBDNF, which play conflicting roles in neuronal survival and apoptosis, with their balance having a significant impact on neurodegene...

AI-driven biologics manufacturing demands an efficient protein production platform. In this study, we optimized scFv secretion in Pichia pastoris through three strategies: gene dosage optimization, expression cassette design, and endoplasmic reticulu...

Bone fracture activates the immune system and induces inflammation crucial for fracture healing but may also affect trauma-distant organs like the liver. Acute alcohol intoxication (AAI) dysregulates immune responses and affects organ damage post-tra...

An underlying pro-inflammatory status is related to recurrence and persistence of inflammatory susceptibility in obesity and periodontitis, two of the most prevalent chronic inflammatory diseases. Elevated levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) a...

The APETALA2/ethylene response factor (AP2/ERF) family of transcription factors (TFs) is one of the largest and most important TF families in plants. This family plays a crucial role in regulating growth, development, and responses to both biotic and...

Tumor angiogenesis and metastasis are critical processes in the progression of colon carcinoma. Curcumol, a bioactive sesquiterpenoid derived from curcuma, exhibits anti-angiogenic properties, though its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this...

The composition of genomic mediators of glucocorticoid actions in the brain remains elusive because of low-statistical-power experiments and the associated transcriptomic data with very low consistency. The problem is further exaggerated by the under...

Aluminum toxicity severely inhibits root elongation and nutrient uptake, causing global agricultural yield losses. Dissolved Al³⁺ are accumulating in plants and subsequently entering food chains via crops and forage plants. Chronic dietary exposure t...

Ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) represents a distinct histological subtype with a high prevalence in Asian populations and poor chemotherapy response. This study investigated molecular interactions between phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), A...

The study of bacterial defense mechanisms against phages is becoming increasingly relevant due to their impact on the effectiveness of phage therapy. Employing a multifaceted approach that combines bioinformatics, molecular microbiology, TEM microsco...

Statins, in addition to their main beneficial lipid-lowering effects (lowering cholesterol and LDL levels), have many additional adverse effects. Among them, the most common is skeletal myopathy. Mitochondria not only play a pivotal role in statin-in...

Increasing recognition of the importance of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in cancer therapeutic strategies has led to more efforts to target molecules in the TME. Vasorin (VASN) is a transmembrane glycoprotein that can be cleaved and released into...

The Capsicum genus, native to the Americas and cultivated worldwide for culinary and medicinal purposes, includes five domesticated species with diverse fruit characteristics, pungency, and phytochemical profiles. However, the influence of casual urb...