Sensors, Volume 20, Issue 2

We present an eating detection algorithm for wearable sensors based on first detecting chewing cycles and subsequently estimating eating phases. We term the corresponding algorithm class as a bottom-up approach. We evaluated the algorithm using elect...

Coast-fitting tomographic inversion that is based on function expansion using three types of normal modes (the Dirichlet, Neumann, and open boundary modes) is proposed to reconstruct current fields from the coastal acoustic tomography (CAT) data. The...

In this paper, we present challenges and achievements in development and use of a compact ultrasonic Phased Array (PA) module with signal processing and imaging technology for autonomous non-destructive evaluation of composite aerospace structures. W...

In rail transport, measuring the actual condition of a circular curve of a railway track is a key element of track position monitoring not only during operation but also during final works. Predicting changes in its position in the horizontal plane i...

With the development of multi-constellation multi-frequency Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), more and more observations are available for tightly coupled GNSS/Inertial Navigation System (INS) integration. Concerning the accuracy, robustnes...

The demand for sensors in response to oxygen partial pressure in air is increasingly high in recent years and small-size sensors on a micrometer scale and even a nanometer scale are particularly desirable. In this paper, the sensing of oxygen partial...

The emerging integration of technology in daily lives has increased the need for more convenient methods for human–computer interaction (HCI). Given that the existing HCI approaches exhibit various limitations, hand gesture recognition-based HC...

This study proposes and evaluates five deep fully convolutional networks (FCNs) for the semantic segmentation of a single tree species: SegNet, U-Net, FC-DenseNet, and two DeepLabv3+ variants. The performance of the FCN designs is evaluated experimen...

The dynamic coefficients identification of journal bearings is essential for instability analysis of rotation machinery. Aiming at the measured displacement of a single location, an improvement method associated with the Kalman filter is proposed to...

Although recently developed trackers have shown excellent performance even when tracking fast moving and shape changing objects with variable scale and orientation, the trackers for the electro-optical targeting systems (EOTS) still suffer from abrup...

Internet of Things (IoT) can significantly enhance various aspects of today’s electric power grid infrastructures for making reliable, efficient, and safe next-generation Smart Grids (SGs). However, harsh and complex power grid infrastructures...

The nonlinear post-flutter instabilities were experimentally investigated through two-degree-of-freedom sectional model tests on a typical flat closed-box bridge deck (width-to-depth ratio 9.14). Laser displacement sensors and piezoelectric force bal...

Coping with stress is crucial for a healthy lifestyle. In the past, a great deal of research has been conducted to use socially assistive robots as a therapy to alleviate stress and anxiety related problems. However, building a fully autonomous socia...

For many environmental applications, the interpretation of fiber-optic Raman distributed temperature sensing (FO-DTS) measurements is strongly dependent on the spatial resolution of measurements, especially when the objective is to detect temperature...

IoT enabled predictive maintenance allows companies in the energy sector to identify potential problems in the production devices far before the failure occurs. In this paper, we propose a method for early detection of faults in boiler feed pumps usi...

Negative emotion is one reason why stress causes negative feedback. Therefore, many studies are being done to recognize negative emotions. However, emotion is difficult to classify because it is subjective and difficult to quantify. Moreover, emotion...

Autism has been largely portrayed as a psychiatric and childhood disorder. However, autism is a lifelong neurological condition that evolves over time through highly heterogeneous trajectories. These trends have not been studied in relation to normat...

The velocity model is a key factor that affects the accuracy of microseismic event location around tunnels. In this paper, we consider the effect of the empty area on the microseismic event location and present a 3D heterogeneous velocity model for e...

Most of the previous work on hybrid transmit and receive beamforming focused on narrowband channels. Because the millimeter wave channels are expected to be wideband, it is crucial to propose efficient solutions for frequency-selective channels. In t...

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It is of great significance for the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) service to detect the polar ionospheric total electron content (TEC) and its variations, particularly under disturbed ionosphere conditions, including different phases of s...

Disk-shaped torque sensors are widely used in robotic joints and wheel driving. However, in terms of conventional spoke-type geometries, there is always a trade-off between sensitivity and stiffness, because their strain exposure depends upon a bendi...

Nowadays, in modern elite sport, the identification of the best training strategies which are useful in obtaining improvements during competitions requires an accurate measure of the physiologic and biomechanical parameters that affect performance. T...

This paper describes a low-cost, robust, and accurate remote eye-tracking system that uses an industrial prototype smartphone with integrated infrared illumination and camera. Numerous studies have demonstrated the beneficial use of eye-tracking in d...

In China, traditional techniques for measuring structural subsidence cannot keep pace with the rapid development of critical national infrastructure such as the growing network of high-speed railways. Traditional monitoring methods using leveling ins...

Autonomous and accurate acquisition of the position and azimuth of the vehicle is critical to the combat effectiveness of land-fighting vehicles. The integrated navigation system, consisting of a strap-down inertial navigation system (SINS) and odome...

Portable spectroscopic instruments are an interesting alternative for in-field and on-line measurements. However, the practical implementation of visible-near infrared (VIS-NIR) portable sensors in the forest sector is challenging due to operation in...

In recent years, deep learning-based visual object trackers have achieved state-of-the-art performance on several visual object tracking benchmarks. However, most tracking benchmarks are focused on ground level videos, whereas aerial tracking present...

In post-disaster scenarios, such as after floods, earthquakes, and in war zones, the cellular communication infrastructure may be destroyed or seriously disrupted. In such emergency scenarios, it becomes very important for first aid responders to com...

Wrist actigraphy has been used to assess sleep in older adult populations for nearly half a century. Over the years, the continuous raw activity data derived from actigraphy has been used for the characterization of factors beyond sleep/wake such as...

Interferometric phase filtering is a crucial step in multibaseline interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR). Current multibaseline interferometric phase filtering methods mostly follow methods of single-baseline InSAR and do not bring its dat...

A visual–inertial odometer is used to fuse the image information obtained by a vision sensor with the data measured by an inertial sensor and recover the motion track online in a global frame. However, in an indoor environment, geometric transf...

Usually, the rational polynomial coefficient (RPC) model of spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is fitted by the original range Doppler (RD) model. However, the radar signal is affected by two-way atmospheric delay, which causes measurement err...

In the laser screen velocity measuring (LSVM) system, there is a deviation in the consistency of the optoelectronic response between the start light screen and the stop light screen. When the projectile passes through the light screen, the projectile...

Nonuniformly-rotating ship refocusing is very significant in the marine surveillance of satellite synthetic aperture radar (SAR). The majority of ship imaging algorithms is based on the inverse SAR (ISAR) technique. On the basis of the ISAR technique...

The precision of target-based registration is related to the geometry distribution of targets, while the current method of setting the targets mainly depends on experience, and the impact is only evaluated qualitatively by the findings from empirical...

A new kind of malware called Mirai is spreading like wildfire. Mirai is characterized by targeting Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Since IoT devices are increasing explosively, it is not realistic to manage their vulnerability by human-wave tactics...

Gesture spotting is an essential task for recognizing finger gestures used to control in-car touchless interfaces. Automated methods to achieve this task require to detect video segments where gestures are observed, to discard natural behaviors of us...

In recent years, we have seen significant interest in the use of permanently deployed resident robotic vehicles for commercial inspection, maintenance and repair (IMR) activities. This paper presents a concept and demonstration, through offshore tria...

Open-ended coaxial probes can be used as tissue characterization devices. However, the technique suffers from a high error rate. To improve this technology, there is a need to decrease the measurement error which is reported to be more than 30% for a...

Lower back pain is an extremely common health problem and globally causes more disability than any other condition. Among other rehabilitation approaches, back schools are interventions comprising both an educational component and exercises. Normally...

In core computer vision tasks, we have witnessed significant advances in object detection, localisation and tracking. However, there are currently no methods to detect, localize and track objects in road environments, and taking into account real-tim...

Industrial chemical processes are struggling with adverse effects, such as corrosion and deposition, caused by gaseous alkali and heavy metal species. Mitigation of these problems requires novel monitoring concepts that provide information on gas-pha...

The truncated signed distance field (TSDF) has been applied as a fast, accurate, and flexible geometric fusion method in 3D reconstruction of industrial products based on a hand-held laser line scanner. However, this method has some problems for the...

This study presents a new real-time calibration algorithm for three-axis magnetometers by combining the recursive least square (RLS) estimation and maximum likelihood (ML) estimation methods. Magnetometers are widely employed to determine the heading...

Musculoskeletal disorders are the most common form of occupational ill-health. Neck pain is one of the most prevalent musculoskeletal disorders experienced by computer workers. Wrong postural habits and non-compliance of the workstation to ergonomics...

Aiming at the requirement of rapid recognition of the wearer’s gait stage in the process of intelligent hybrid control of an exoskeleton, this paper studies the human body mixed motion pattern recognition technology based on multi-source featur...

This paper presents a new method to improve the accuracy in the heading angle estimate provided by low-cost magnetometers on board of small Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). This task can be achieved by estimating the systematic error produced by the...

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a distributed system that connects everything via internet. IoT infrastructure contains multiple resources and gateways. In such a system, the problem of optimizing IoT resource allocation and scheduling (IRAS) is vita...

With the emergence of numerical sensors in sports, there is an increasing need for tools and methods to compute objective motion parameters with great accuracy. In particular, inertial measurement units are increasingly used in the clinical domain or...