This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Open AccessArticle
Effect of Rice–Carp Coculture on Phytoplankton and Microzooplankton Community Composition in Paddy Water during Different Rice Growth Stages
by
Geleta Tiko Welde
Geleta Tiko Welde 1,
Bing Li
Bing Li 1,2,
Yiran Hou
Yiran Hou 1,2,
Gelana Urgesa Ayana
Gelana Urgesa Ayana 1,
Linjun Zhou
Linjun Zhou 2,
Rui Jia
Rui Jia 1,2,* and
Jian Zhu
Jian Zhu 1,2,*
1
Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China
2
Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Water 2024, 16(19), 2775; https://doi.org/10.3390/w16192775 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 15 August 2024
/
Revised: 25 September 2024
/
Accepted: 27 September 2024
/
Published: 29 September 2024
Abstract
Integrated rice–fish farming, an agricultural practice that combines cultivating rice and breeding fish in the same field, has attracted widespread attention. However, there is limited research on how the rice–carp coculture impacts the community structure of phytoplankton and microzooplankton in paddy water. This study employed eDNA metabarcoding sequencing to analyze the composition of phytoplankton and microzooplankton in a rice monoculture system (RM) and a rice–carp coculture system (RF). Following annotation, we identified 9 phyla, 89 families, 275 genera, and 249 species of phytoplankton, along with 20 phyla (or subphylum and class), 85 families, 222 genera, and 179 species of microzooplankton. The alpha diversity indices revealed significantly higher richness, diversity, and evenness in the RF group compared to the RM group during grain-filling stage. Principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) demonstrated notable differences in the phytoplankton and microzooplankton compositions between the two groups across various rice growth stages. Composition analysis showed that rice–carp coculture increased the relative abundance of dominant phytoplankton phyla such as Bacillariophyta, Chrysophyta, and Euglenophyta while decreasing that of Cryptophyta. In microzooplankton, the coculture resulted in an increased abundance of Intramacronucleata (subphylum) and a decrease in Conoidasida (class). In conclusion, the rice–carp coculture enhances the diversity of plankton, particularly during the grain-filling stage, and simultaneously alters the composition and abundance of dominant plankton species in the paddy water. These findings enhance understanding of the broader impacts of integrated rice–carp farming on agricultural ecosystems, emphasizing alterations in the diversity and composition of aquatic microorganisms
Share and Cite
MDPI and ACS Style
Welde, G.T.; Li, B.; Hou, Y.; Ayana, G.U.; Zhou, L.; Jia, R.; Zhu, J.
Effect of Rice–Carp Coculture on Phytoplankton and Microzooplankton Community Composition in Paddy Water during Different Rice Growth Stages. Water 2024, 16, 2775.
https://doi.org/10.3390/w16192775
AMA Style
Welde GT, Li B, Hou Y, Ayana GU, Zhou L, Jia R, Zhu J.
Effect of Rice–Carp Coculture on Phytoplankton and Microzooplankton Community Composition in Paddy Water during Different Rice Growth Stages. Water. 2024; 16(19):2775.
https://doi.org/10.3390/w16192775
Chicago/Turabian Style
Welde, Geleta Tiko, Bing Li, Yiran Hou, Gelana Urgesa Ayana, Linjun Zhou, Rui Jia, and Jian Zhu.
2024. "Effect of Rice–Carp Coculture on Phytoplankton and Microzooplankton Community Composition in Paddy Water during Different Rice Growth Stages" Water 16, no. 19: 2775.
https://doi.org/10.3390/w16192775
Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details
here.
Article Metrics
Article metric data becomes available approximately 24 hours after publication online.