Metals, Volume 7, Issue 9

Grain refinement by elemental addition has been extensively investigated within the last decades in Al or Mg alloys. In contrast, in the Cu system, the role of solute on grain size is less investigated. In this study, the grain refinement potency of...

Elastic recovery of the material, called springback, is one of the problems in sheet metal forming of drawpieces, especially with a complex shape. The springback can be influenced by various technological, geometrical, and material parameters. In thi...

In this article, the copper-chromium-zirconium (CuCrZr) alloys plates with 21 mm in thickness were butt joined together by means of FSW (friction stir welding). The properties of the FSW joints are studied. The microstructure variations during the pr...

Nowadays, ultimate tensile strengths above 400 MPa become usual for ductile irons, thus allowing the implementation of new design paradigms. Large concentrations of carbon and other influencing elements can negatively interfere with the welding proce...

Background—Creep-fatigue behavior is identified as the incorporated effects of fatigue and creep. One class of constitutive-based models attempts to evaluate creep and fatigue separately, but the interaction of fatigue and creep is neglected. Other m...

The main role of Rare Earth (RE) elements in the steelmaking industry is to affect the nature of inclusions (composition, geometry, size and volume fraction), which can potentially lead to the improvement of some mechanical properties such as the tou...

Hall-Héroult cell stability is highly affected by anode changing operations. Upon the insertion of a cold anode in the cell, a layer of molten cryolite freezes under the anode. The thickness, microstructure, and chemical composition of this layer var...

This study aimed to obtain biocompatible ceramic materials in a Ti–C–Co–Ca₃(PO₄)₂–Ag–Mg system by the combustion mode of mechanically activated (MA) reaction mixtures. The influence of the MA time on the reaction ability capability of the mixtures, o...

The torsional fatigue strength of newly developed case hardening steel, i.e., transformation-induced plasticity-aided martensitic steel subjected to vacuum carburizing followed by fine particle peening, was investigated for the fabrication of downsiz...

An accurate determination of the contact pressure and local sliding in a cold rolling process is an essential step towards the prediction of the roller’s life due to wear damage. This investigation utilized finite element analysis to quantify the loc...

Super Duplex Stainless Steels (SDSSs) are composed of α-ferrite and γ-austenite grains, the simultaneous presence of which forms an optimal microstructure to achieve the best combination of mechanical and corrosion resistance properties. Moreover, in...

Spark plasma sintering (SPS) has been successfully used to produce all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries (ASSLibs). Both regular and functionally graded electrodes are implemented into novel three-layer and five-layer battery designs together with so...

This work reports the fretting wear behavior of aluminum cable steel reinforced (ACSR) conductors for use in high-voltage transmission line. Fretting wear tests of Al wires were conducted on a servo-controlled fatigue testing machine with self-made a...

The objective of this work was to study the effects of several post-sinter processing operations (heat-treatment, sizing, shot peening) on a press-and-sinter 7xxx series aluminum powder metallurgy (PM) alloy. The characterization of the products was...

The aim of this study was to gain a deep understanding of the microstructure-mechanical relationship between solid-state sintering and full-melting processes. The IN718 superalloy was fabricated by hot isostatic pressing (HIP) and selective laser mel...

The electrical resistivity of carbon anodes is an important parameter in the overall efficiency of the aluminum smelting process. The aim of this work is to explore the Van der Pauw (VdP) method as an alternative technique to the standard method, whi...

Waste-concrete recycling processes using wet-based crushing methods inevitably generate a large amount of alkaline concrete sludge, as well as wastewater, which contains abundant Ca ions. The Ca-rich alkaline wastewater must then be neutralized for r...

Mushy zone morphology in AlSiMn alloys was studied using directional solidification, and the CALPHAD (Computer Coupling of Phase Diagrams and Thermochemistry) technique was applied for thermodynamic calculations. The specimens solidified with forced...

We modelled with Density Functional Theory (DFT) an Al-Cu alloy covered with a passive film, with several Cu concentrations (from the limit of the isolated atom to the monolayer) at the interface with the oxide, as well as Guinier-Preston 1 (GP1) zon...

In the current study, dynamic strain ageing (DSA) phenomena in 316L austenitic stainless steel was investigated under as-received and as-welded conditions. A tensile test was carried out on as-received and as-welded samples for the temperatures of 25...

In this study, the effects of the solvent used to prepare Co–B alloy on its catalytic properties were investigated. The solvent effects on the morphology, composition, and specific surface area of the alloy particles were also examined. The morpholog...

The transformation behaviors on metamagnetic shape memory Ni_46.4Mn_38.8In_12.8Co_2.0 film were investigated by X-ray diffraction experiments in the temperature up to 473 K and magnetic fields µ₀H up to 5 T. The prepared film showed the parent phase with...

A new effective method is proposed to prepare vanadium nitride (VN) via carbothermal reduction–nitridation (CRN) of the precursor, obtained by adding carbon black (C) to the stripping solution during the vanadium recovery from black shale. VN was suc...

The microstructure and mechanical properties of Al/Cu ultrasonic welding joints were investigated. Results show that: (i) the joint strength increased when the welding time increased within a certain range, and a maximal resistant force of 163.04 N w...

Al₂O₃ nanoparticle-reinforced Al-12Si matrix composites were successfully fabricated by hot pressing and subsequent hot extrusion. The influence of weight fraction of Al₂O₃ particles on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and the corresponding...

The present study reports the development of Mg–Sm₂O₃ nanocomposites as light-weight materials for weight critical applications targeted to reduce CO₂ emissions, particularly in the transportation sector. Mg-0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 vol % Sm₂O₃ nanocomposit...

Mg matrix in situ composites were fabricated from Mg and ZnO powder by a spark plasma sintering method. The composition and microstructure of the sintered samples were characterized. Corrosion properties of fabricated composites were evaluated by imm...

Texture evolution of NiTi shape memory alloy was investigated during uniaxial compression deformation at 673 K (400 °C) by combining crystal plasticity finite element method with electron back-scattered diffraction experiment and transmission electro...

In the paper, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), and Glow Discharge Optical Emission Spectroscopy (GDOES) analyses of calcium- and phosphorus-enriched coatings obtai...

The structure and mechanical properties of the coatings formed by reactive detonation spraying of titanium in a wide range of spraying conditions were studied. The variable deposition parameters were the nature of the carrier gas, the spraying distan...

The aim of this study was to determine the optimum production parameters in the production of magnesium matrix carbide-reinforced composites by using the powder metallurgy method. The parameter levels maximizing density (%), hardness (HB10), and bend...

The authors would like to apologize for any inconvenience regarding misleading errors and inconsistencies in some of the units and one number, and wish to make the following corrections to this paper [1]:[...]

The standard NACE MR0175 (ISO 15156) requires a maximum hardness value of 23 HRC for 13Cr-4Ni-(Mo) steel grade for sour service, requiring a double tempering heat treatment at temperature in the range 648–691 °C for the first tempering and 593–621 °C...

To study the effect of Al₂O₃ inclusions on pitting corrosion in steel, our researchers utilized industrial pure iron as the raw material with the addition of a proper amount of pure aluminum powder to form Al₂O₃ inclusions. Corrosion experiments were...

The quantitative contribution of twinning to hardening behavior and its effect on crystal orientation need to be explored in greater depth for design and forming of twinning-induced-plasticity (TWIP) steel products. To address this issue, the charact...

The influence of the process parameters on the vertical force generated during friction stir welding of AA6082-T6 aluminium alloy sheet blanks was studied by performing experiments with constant values of the rotational speed, varying between 1200 an...

In the article, the structure and selected mechanical properties of welded Hardox 600 steel are presented. It is shown that, after welding of this material in as-delivered condition (i.e., with post-martensitic structure), structures of lower wear re...

In this work, the conditions for the occurrence of Liquid Metal Embrittlement (LME) in the ferritic-martensitic steel T91 in contact with lead, Pb, were examined. Slow tensile tests with notched specimens revealed that in a temperature range close to...

The effect of equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) on stress corrosion cracking (SCC) behavior of a cast AZ61 Mg alloy was investigated in distilled water (DW) using the slow strain rate tensile test (SSRT) at a strain rate of 1 × 10⁻⁶ s⁻¹. The fine...

According to recent investigations, a huge difference exists in the mechanical stability of austenite between the grain-refined structure states obtained in reversion annealing at 800–700 °C or at 900 °C, in a 301LN type austenitic stainless steel. P...

Phase transformations during non-isothermal tempering of bainitic or martensitic microstructures obtained after quenching of a medium-carbon low-alloy steel was studied. The microstructures correspond to different locations of an as-quenched large-si...

Microstructural effects become important at regions of stress concentrators such as notches, cracks and contact surfaces. A multiscale model is presented that efficiently captures microstructural details at such critical regions. The approach is base...

In this work, a compression experiment of 35CrMo steel is carried out over a wide range of temperatures (1123–1423 K) and strain rates (0.1–10 s⁻¹) to obtain further understandings of the flow behaviors. The results show that the strain hardening eff...

The corrosion behavior of keyhole-free friction stir spot welded joints of dissimilar 6082 aluminum alloy and DP600 galvanized steel in 3.5% NaCl solution has been investigated by the immersion test and electrochemical analysis. The surface of the al...

The aim of this paper is to present a welding process connected with micro-jet cooling. This method allowed us to guide the metallographic structure, and furthermore, the properties of the weld metal deposit. The main conclusion of this paper was tha...

The stress rupture behavior of nickel-base single crystal superalloys is a primary issue facing aero-engine design, which has been studied for more than 40 years. To a large degree, it is the existence of film cooling holes with the introduction of a...

Aluminum ultra-purification is commonly realized through a combination of three-layer electrolytic refining and fractional crystallization, mostly using zone melting. In order to achieve a purity over 6N with the aid of zone melting, many passes have...

Advanced High Strength Steels (AHSS) are a promising family of materials for applications where a high strength-to-weight ratio is required. Central burst is a typical defect commonly found in parts formed by extrusion and it can be a serious problem...

The article presents the results of experimental testing of corrosion processes on weathering steel bridges. Two bridge structures spanning various obstacles were selected for the experimental measurement. The tested bridges are situated in the same...

Grain boundary engineering (GBE) is a thermomechanical processing technique used to control the distribution, arrangement, and identity of grain boundary networks, thereby improving their mechanical properties. In both GBE and non-GBE metals, the phe...