Identification of Bioactive Substances Derived from the Probiotic-Induced Bioconversion of Lagerstroemia speciosa Pers. Leaf Extract That Have Beneficial Effects on Diabetes and Obesity
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Bacterial Strains and Culture
2.2. L. plantarum CBT-LP3 Mediated Bioconversion of BLE
2.3. Cell Lines
2.4. Determination of Cell Viability
2.5. Differentiation of 3T3 L1 Cells
2.6. Glucose Uptake Assay in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes
2.7. Oil Red O Staining
2.8. Analysis of the Expression of Signaling-Related Genes Using qPCR
2.9. Insulin Secretion Assay
2.10. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Scavenging Assay
2.11. Metabolomic Profiling
2.11.1. Metabolomic Analysis
2.11.2. Metabolomic Data Analysis
2.12. Chromatography for the Quantification of the Ursolic Acid and Asiatic Acid Concentrations
2.13. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Effect of BLE with or without L. plantarum CBT-LP3-Mediated Bioconversion on the Viability of Each Cell Line
3.2. Effect of L. plantarum CBT-LP3-Bioconverted Banaba Leaf Extract on Glucose Uptake
3.3. Effect of L. plantarum CBT-LP3-Mediated Bioconversion on the Adipocyte Browning Stimulated by BLE
3.4. Effects of L. plantarum CBT-LP3-Mediated Bioconversion on the Stimulation of Insulin Secretion and STZ Recovery by Banaba Leaf Extract
3.5. Metabolomic Profiling of L. plantarum CBT-LP3-BBLE
4. Discussion
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Metabolite | FC | Up or Down Regulation |
---|---|---|
3-[(Methoxycarbonyl)amino]-2,2,3-trimethylbutanoic acid | 22.31 | UP |
Butanethiol | 16.528 | UP |
11-Deoxocucurbitacin I | 8.9384 | UP |
Propapyriogenin A2 | 5.9063 | UP |
Artemotil | 4.4698 | UP |
Testosterone decanoate | 4.1097 | UP |
Clocinizine | 4.0083 | UP |
Matairesinol | 3.9018 | UP |
DL-Malic acid | 3.8591 | UP |
Asiatic acid | 3.8478 | UP |
5-[2-(3-Furyl)ethyl]-8a-(hydroxymethyl)-5,6-dimethyl-3,4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydro-1-naphthalenecarboxylic acid | 3.8229 | UP |
(4Z)-9,11-Dihydroxy-1,1,4,7a-tetramethyl-10-(3-methylbutanoyl)-1,1a,2,3,6,7,7a,8,13a,13b-decahydrocyclopropa [9,10] cyclodeca [1,2-b]chromene-12-carbaldehyde | 3.6902 | UP |
6-Hydroxycaproic acid | 3.5304 | UP |
Prostaglandin B1 | 3.3927 | UP |
15,16-DiHODE | 3.3456 | UP |
Fenfluramine | 3.2537 | UP |
(6Z)-3,6,10-Trimethyl-3a,5,8,10,11,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-2,9(3H,4H)-dione | 3.2519 | UP |
3,7,9-Trihydroxy-6H-[1] benzofuro [3,2-c]chromen-6-one | 3.0903 | UP |
NP-003039 | 3.0869 | UP |
(15Z)-9,12,13-Trihydroxy-15-octadecenoic acid | 2.8871 | UP |
13(S)-HOTrE | 2.6243 | UP |
NP-020283 | 2.6179 | UP |
Asn-Val | 2.3794 | UP |
UNII:V9Q7UUZ15U | 2.354 | UP |
1,1-Diethyl-3-oxo-2-triazanolate | 2.3058 | UP |
Methylmalonic acid | 2.2318 | UP |
4-Nitrophenol | 2.0699 | UP |
Carglumic acid | 0.45971 | DOWN |
Isoniazid | 0.42035 | DOWN |
(S)-ACPA | 0.38543 | DOWN |
Felbamate | 0.28071 | DOWN |
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An, B.C.; Kwak, S.H.; Ahn, J.Y.; Won, H.Y.; Kim, T.H.; Ryu, Y.; Chung, M.J. Identification of Bioactive Substances Derived from the Probiotic-Induced Bioconversion of Lagerstroemia speciosa Pers. Leaf Extract That Have Beneficial Effects on Diabetes and Obesity. Microorganisms 2024, 12, 1848. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12091848
An BC, Kwak SH, Ahn JY, Won HY, Kim TH, Ryu Y, Chung MJ. Identification of Bioactive Substances Derived from the Probiotic-Induced Bioconversion of Lagerstroemia speciosa Pers. Leaf Extract That Have Beneficial Effects on Diabetes and Obesity. Microorganisms. 2024; 12(9):1848. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12091848
Chicago/Turabian StyleAn, Byung Chull, Sang Hee Kwak, Jun Young Ahn, Hye Yeon Won, Tae Hoon Kim, Yongku Ryu, and Myung Jun Chung. 2024. "Identification of Bioactive Substances Derived from the Probiotic-Induced Bioconversion of Lagerstroemia speciosa Pers. Leaf Extract That Have Beneficial Effects on Diabetes and Obesity" Microorganisms 12, no. 9: 1848. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12091848