Applied Sciences, Volume 12, Issue 20

Schematic knowledge, an important component of knowledge graphs (KGs), defines a rich set of logical axioms based on concepts and relations to support knowledge integration, reasoning, and heterogeneity elimination over KGs. Although several KGs cons...

Precise estimation of reference evapotranspiration (ET₀) is of significant importance in hydrologic processes. In this study, a genetic algorithm (GA) optimized back propagation (BP) neural network model was developed to estimate ET₀ using different...

Mode division multiplexing (MDM) is a promising technology for the capacity enlargement of the optical transmission network. As a key element in the MDM system, the mode converter plays an important role in signal processing. In this work, a wideband...

Artificial ground freezing (AGF) is a widely used method in coastal tunnel construction and reinforcement. With more and more underground construction in coastal areas, clay–sand combined formation, which is common in coastal areas, brings more...

Despite recent improvements in computer vision, artificial visual systems’ design is still daunting since an explanation of visual computing algorithms remains elusive. Salient object detection is one problem that is still open due to the diffi...

This article discusses current testing methods for motor vehicle engines. Traction engines have so far been tested, for example, according to WLTP (Worldwide Harmonized Light Vehicle Test Procedure) driving tests, but due to the “VW—gate&...

We isolated eight known secondary metabolites, including two isocoumarins and six coumarins, from the stems and branches of Acer mono Maxim. Their structures were confirmed using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and by comparing the data to pu...

More and more researchers use single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology to characterize the transcriptional map at the single-cell level. They use it to study the heterogeneity of complex tissues, transcriptome dynamics, and the diversity of...

The demand for efficient water use and automatic systems has been increasing due to the frequent drought damage to crops as a result of climate change, the shortage of water resources in rural areas, and the aging of farmers. The existing automatic i...

The present work aims at investigating the hygrothermal effect on the natural frequencies of functionally graded (FG) annular plates integrated with piezo-magneto-electro-elastic layers resting on a Pasternak elastic foundation. The formulation is ba...

Efficient fracturing is the key issue for the exploitation of geothermal energy in a Hot Dry Rock reservoir. By using the laser irradiation cracking method, this study investigates the changes in uniaxial compressive strength, ultrasonic characterist...

High amounts of industrial wastewater are generated by the ever-growing demand and production of paint and coating materials. These effluents have negative effects on human health and the environment. The source of industrial effluents highly influen...

Autonomous moving vehicles facilitate mining of ore in underground mines. The vehicles are usually equipped with many sensor-based devices (e.g., Lidar, video camera, proximity sensor, etc.), which enable environmental monitoring, and remote control...

With polydisperse inhomogeneities, the analysis of small-angle scattering (SAS) data is possible by fitting the experimental data to theoretical models. Despite scientific software being available for this task, many scientists in different fields pr...

In metabolic diseases such as phenylketonuria (a rare disease), a very important way to keep the patient healthy is the administration of amino acid substitutes. This dispenser was designed because in other places (except home) for patients, it is ve...

In this paper, a miniaturized very-high frequency (VHF) band antenna using both top and bottom meander lines is proposed. To design a compact size antenna in the VHF band, a Composite Right/Left-Handed (CRLH) transmission line is applied to antenna s...

The production of fired or stabilized bricks from lignocellulosic biomass ash is thoroughly examined in this article. Bricks are typically made through the high-temperature firing process or by stabilizing the mixture with binders such as lime and ce...

Visual navigation is an important guidance method for industrial automated guided vehicles (AGVs). In the actual guidance, the overexposure environment may be encountered by the AGV lane image, which seriously reduces the accuracy of lane detection....

Even though small portable devices are becoming increasingly more powerful in terms of processing power and power efficiency, there are still workloads that require more computational capacity than these devices offer. Examples of such workloads are...

Despite the high expectations of the voice shopping market, the impact of reviews and product types on voice commerce has yet to be explored. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of reviews and product types on users’ trust an...

Although fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) is a very effective retinal imaging tool for ophthalmic diagnosis, the requirement of intravenous injection of harmful fluorescein dye limits its application. As a screening diagnostic method that reduces...

In this work, the evaluation of electromagnetic effect of Ultra High Frequency Radio Frequency Identification (UHF-RFID) passive tags used in the healthcare environment is presented. In order to evaluate exposure levels caused by EM field (865–...

As the core link of the air traffic control system, the evaluation and management of controllers’ workload are of great significance for the rapid development of China’s civil aviation industry and aviation safety. To address the problems...

The Samaria Gorge is a dominant geomorphological and geological structure on Crete Island and it is one of the national parks established in Greece. Due to the complex tectonics and the stratigraphic ambiguities imprinted in the geological formations...

Municipal green waste (MGW) has significantly increased with the development of urban green areas, and its utilization by composting is a good alternative to solve the problem. This paper presents the results from the quality assessment of two indust...

Small-sized inner intersecting holes are a common structure for large engine nozzles, hydraulic valves, and other parts. In order to ensure the uniform and stable fluid state in the intersecting hole, it is necessary to process the fillet at the inte...

Prediction accuracy for mass appraisal purposes has evolved substantially over the last few decades, facilitated by the evolution in big data, data availability and open source software. Accompanying these advances, newer forms of geo-spatial approac...

Centrifugal tests provide an efficacious experimental process to predict the behavior of deep excavations, and numerical models are indispensable for demonstrating the test results and analyzing the engineering demand parameters. Uncertainty in mater...

The Taihang Mountains are an important ecological barrier in China, and their ecosystems have good carbon sink capacity. Studying the spatial-temporal variation characteristics and driving factors of carbon storage in the Taihang Mountains ecosystem...

In the response surface methodology (RSM), the designed experiment helps create interfactor orthogonality and interpretable response models for the purpose of process and design optimization. However, along with the development of data-recording tech...

Glaucoma is a major cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. The most acknowledged biomarker to diagnose and monitor glaucoma progression is intraocular pressure (IOP). Gold standard techniques for IOP monitoring are invasive, uncomfortable, and re...

Modern telecom operators will have to change their business approach, organization, products development and services development, customer approach and many other important issues if they want to be competitive on the telecom markets in the followin...

Multiples can cause artifacts in imaging; however, they contain information about underground structures. If the internal multiples are removed as a noise, the information contained by the internal multiple will also be removed. This will cause loss...

The acquisition of target data for underwater acoustic target recognition (UATR) is difficult and costly. Although deep neural networks (DNN) have been used in UATR, and some achievements have been made, the performance is not satisfactory when recog...

Text data augmentation is essential in the field of medicine for the tasks of natural language processing (NLP). However, most of the traditional text data augmentation focuses on the English datasets, and there is little research on the Chinese data...

Slightly off-axis digital holographic microscopy (DHM) is the extension of digital holography imaging technology toward high-throughput modern optical imaging technology. However, it is difficult for the method based on the conventional linear Fourie...

The innovative perspectives of the modern medical era aim to reach the highest performance and accuracy of therapeutic processes carried out for the evolution of diagnostic pathways. Digital planning and real-time diagnosis represent the hottest topi...

Cracks are the main damages of concrete structures. Since cracks may occur in areas that are difficult to reach, non-contact measurement technology is required to accurately measure the width of cracks. This study presents an innovative computer visi...

Intelligent vehicle-following control presents a great challenge in autonomous driving. In vehicle-intensive roads of city environments, frequent starting and stopping of vehicles is one of the important cause of front-end collision accidents. Theref...

Barking is a form of vocal communication made by dogs. Each type of bark made by dogs has a distinct context. The classification of dog bark pattern will aid in the understanding of barking action. In this study, a machine learning algorithm is used...

Optimization transportation cargo and passengers between ports and regions are very important, because industrial regions are located some distance from ports. The demand for energy request for the movement of transport is a necessity in the modern w...

The coating design of machine tools refers to the exterior appearance of a machine tool and is an important method for improving the user experience and brand image. In this study, we studied and optimized the coating design of serial CNC cylindrical...

Fungal organisms are considered one of the most relevant stone colonizers, and biodeteriogens. They are ubiquitous heterotrophs, metabolically versatile, ranging from generalist to extremophiles. Limestone, a sedimentary rock characterized by high le...

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging has demonstrated that CF subjects have a significantly higher lung density (e.g., fluid content) when compared with healthy control subjects, but, at present, there are no techniques to quantify the spatial presentatio...

Laser-based plastic–metal joints have high potential to enable cost-efficient lightweight structures in multi-material design. By an appropriate load-optimized positioning of the microstructure on the joining zone, cost- and strength-optimized...

The multi-pass caliber rolling (MPCR) of Mg alloy has attracted much attention due to its engineering and manufacturing advantages. The MPCR process induces a unique microhardness variation, which has only been predicted using a finite element analys...

Due to the high flexibility and conformity to people’s usage habits, text description has been widely used in image synthesis research recently and has achieved many encouraging results. However, the text can only determine the basic content of...

This paper develops an intelligent real-time learning framework for the last-mile delivery of mobility as a service in city planning, based upon safe infrastructure use. Through a hybrid approach integrating statistics and supervised machine learning...

We present a neural network architecture focused on verifying facts against evidence found in a knowledge base. The architecture can perform relevance evaluation and claim verification, parts of a well-known three-stage method of fact-checking. We fi...

Recently, piracy and copyright violations of digital content have become major concerns as computer science has advanced. In order to prevent unauthorized usage of content, digital watermarking is usually employed. This work proposes a new approach t...