Applied Sciences, Volume 14, Issue 23

Sentiment analysis is a vital component of natural language processing (NLP), enabling the classification of text into positive, negative, or neutral sentiments. It is widely used in customer feedback analysis and social media monitoring but faces a...

Cross-modality understanding is essential for AI to tackle complex tasks that require both deterministic and generative capabilities, such as correlating music and visual art. The existing state-of-the-art methods of audio-visual correlation often re...

Recently, there has been an increase in the application of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) for seed fermentation because of the improved functional, technological, and nutritional properties of the fermented seeds. The purpose of this study was to evaluat...

Increased ammonia (NH₃) emissions from intensive agriculture negatively affect environmental and ecosystem health, contributing to formation of particulate matter (PM) and the potent greenhouse gas, N₂O. Better understanding NH₃ emissions from the ma...

Burst morphology is a crucial indicator for evaluating the effectiveness of blasting, as it directly reflects the actual state of the blasting results. The results of rock displacement following blasting partially reflect the effectiveness of throw b...

This paper presents REDUCE, a free online tool designed to support decision-making processes by addressing inconsistency in multiplicative pairwise comparison (PC) matrices, a key element of many multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods, includi...

Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) algorithms are crucial for enabling agents to estimate their position in unknown environments. In autonomous navigation systems, these algorithms need to operate in real-time on devices with limited resour...

When excavating tunnels and underground openings with the drill-and-blast method, minimizing excavation overbreak is vital, as it reduces the costs associated with excavation stability, mucking, and rock support. Overbreak in excavations not only cau...

This paper presents a comparative analysis of fiber aspect ratios using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the mean field homogenization approach. The novelty of this work lies in an effective fiber length evaluation based on a comparative analys...

Text summarisation plays a pivotal role in efficiently processing large volumes of textual data, making it an indispensable tool across diverse domains such as healthcare, legal, education, and journalism. It addresses the challenge of information ov...

Various model-based mass estimation approaches have been discussed for a long time. However, estimation performance often deteriorates in some driving situations and, in particular, slow convergence and excessive overshoot of estimates are a major is...

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) during snowboarding sports is a major concern. A robust evaluation of existing snowboarding helmets is desired. Head kinematics (i.e., linear acceleration, angular velocity, angular acceleration) and associated brain resp...

Large quantities of artificial single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) with user-defined sequences are increasingly required to exploit the potential of DNA nanotechnology. Cross-contamination-free ssDNA production can be achieved using Escherichia coli with an...

This study investigates the bioaccumulation capacity of the lichen Cladonia uncialis for radioactive isotopes, aiming to establish its potential as a biomonitor. Conducted under controlled laboratory conditions, the experiment utilised gamma-emitting...

Computer vision using deep learning algorithms has served numerous human activity identification applications, particularly those linked to safety and security. However, even though autistic children are frequently exposed to danger as a result of th...

Most theoretical models of shallow anchor cables do not take the effect of anchor inclination into consideration, which is an important factor influencing load distribution, stress concentration, and failure mechanisms. In this paper, a modified bear...

This study aimed to investigate how external perturbations caused by the treadmill belt’s deceleration during the pre-swing phase affect gait kinematics and kinetics in young adults. Twenty-one healthy young females walked on a treadmill in a v...

Prolonged rolling contact fatigue between wheels and rails results in the formation of surface cracks on the rail and accurately analyzing the crack expansion behavior is essential to ensuring the safe operation of the train. Drawing upon the princip...

The present study investigates the corrosion development and induced cracks in reinforced concrete specimens submitted to an accelerated corrosion test. The accelerated chloride-induced corrosion test was performed using an impressed current mode. Th...

Energy harvesting technology plays an important role in converting ambient energy into useful electrical energy to power wireless sensing and system monitoring, especially for systems operating in isolated, abandoned or embedded locations where batte...

In cartography, generalization is a key process used to simplify complex geographic information, making it suitable for display at different scales while maintaining its essential meaning. When representing high-density road networks on a fixed scree...

This paper presents a WENO-based upwind rotated lattice Boltzmann flux solver (WENO-URLBFS) in the finite difference framework for simulating compressible flows with contact discontinuities and strong shock waves. In the method, the original rotating...

Lipases are enzymes of great application importance in the food industry, in the cosmetic and detergent industries, in pharmacy and medicine, and in organic chemistry. Among lipases of various origins, those from microorganisms are currently the most...

This paper examines the intellectual property (IP) challenges introduced by 3D printing, a transformative technology enabling widespread innovation, but also raising critical legal questions. It focuses on three main areas: (1) IP issues associated w...

Reverberation and background noise are common and unavoidable real-world phenomena that hinder automatic speaker recognition systems, particularly because these systems are typically trained on noise-free data. Most models rely on fixed audio feature...

This study involved experimental research to analyze the effect of rail corrugation on interior noise levels inside railway vehicles. Measurements taken on the Incheon Line 2 light rail indicated that the vehicle’s age and maintenance condition...

As one of the unconventional intersection designs, the median U-turn (MUT) intersection design has been confirmed to have the potential to improve intersection efficiency and produce lower vehicle delays, and it has been widely applied to many urban...

Distance measurement plays a key role in many fields of science and technology, including robotics, civil engineering, and navigation systems. This paper focuses on analyzing the precision of a measurement system using stereo camera distance measurem...

Stealth reconfigurable transmitarray antennas (RTAs) are essential components in wireless communication and radar detection systems. Therefore, in this study, we propose a 1-bit RTA with out-of-band radar cross-section (RCS) reduction. The antenna co...

The stowage plan and the securing arrangement of non-standardized cargo are some of the most important aspects in terms of cargo safety and economic costs. For this reason, the optimization of this operation is crucial and a daily challenge for secur...

This paper proposes the force/torque control strategy for the robotized transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) system, considering the shape of the TMS coil case. Hybrid position/force control is used to compensate for the error between the current...

Environmental pollution from plastic debris is raising concerns not only for the vulnerability of marine species to ingestion but also for potential human health hazards posed by small particles, known as microplastics. In this context, marine areas...

This article presents the results of analysis of the hazards posed by coal mine dust and methane in the coal preparation plants of hard coal mines in Poland. It was shown how the number of workplaces in plants at risk of coal dust explosion and the h...

C-Phycocyanin (C-PC) is a photosynthetic pigment found in cyanobacteria, notably in Arthrospira species. The extraction of phycocyanobilin (PCB), the chromophore of C-PC, is a common approach to address the instability of C-PC under light, heat, and...

This research focuses on developing a low-cost automated demand response controller (DRC) with OpenADR 2.0a capability to enable existing infrared-controlled (IR-controlled) air conditioners (ACs) in homes and buildings to participate in automated de...

Permafrost, as a soil type under unique environmental conditions, has bearing characteristics that are highly susceptible to thermo-hydraulic environments. Rapid evaluation of the bearing characteristics of in situ permafrost at various depths in per...

The correct prediction of the wind speed and turbulence levels over complex terrain is essential for accurately assessing wind turbine wake recovery, power production, safety, and wind farm design. In this paper, two modified RANS turbulence models a...

Mobile monitoring systems are currently used in many applications related to environmental applications or the monitoring of health status. However, security monitoring systems are usually chosen for a specific object, area or perimeter. The main goa...

Word segmentation is a critical task in natural language processing for southeast Asian Abugida languages, including Thai, Burmese, and Khmer. Existing approaches demonstrate that models using fixed-length windowed context inputs can achieve high seg...

This study explores the feasibility of using low-intensity focused ultrasound (LIFU) to induce rotational sensations in the human semicircular canal (SCC) through the acoustic streaming effect. Existing vestibular stimulation methods, such as galvani...

This study investigates the effects of a virtual biophilic residential environment on seniors’ physiological and subjective responses to evaluate its potential to promote healing and recovery. Thirty seniors were exposed to three different scal...

The relationship between fixed orthodontic treatment and the development of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) in adolescents has been a topic of considerable debate. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the impact of fixed orth...

Millimeter-wave (mm-Wave) phased array systems need to meet the transmitter (Tx) equivalent isotropic radiated power (EIRP) requirement, and that depends mainly on the design of two key sub-components: (1) the antenna array and (2) the Tx power ampli...

This study employed the Allium cepa bioassay to evaluate the toxic effects of contaminants in the Yucatan aquifer. Seven monitoring wells were studied during September and October 2021. Nutrient concentrations showed significant variation between sit...

This paper proposes a fast optimization method of body section at the conceptual design stage, based on the demand for body performance in body concept design. The study first establishes a geometrically simplified model of the truss body structure a...

The primary objective of this research is to evaluate the feasibility of two of the most prevalent agricultural residues in Ecuador, banana peels and pineapple peels, as a carbon source in the culture medium of Komagataeibacter hansenii for the produ...

Dataset distillation has become an important technique for enhancing the efficiency of data when training machine learning models. It finds extensive applications across various fields, including computer vision (CV) and natural language processing (...

Learning object shapes from a single image is challenging due to variations in scene content, geometric structures, and environmental factors, which create significant disparities between 2D image features and their corresponding 3D representations,...

As a transportation hub, the girder bridge is often an important target for both sides in combat, and it is very important for wartime decision-making and subsequent fire planning to carry out assessment on the effect of the damage to the bridge afte...

Physical adversarial attacks face significant challenges in achieving transferability across different object detection models, especially in real-world conditions. This is primarily due to variations in model architectures, training data, and detect...