Antibiotics, Volume 12, Issue 1

The introduction of antibiotics has revolutionized the treatment and prevention of microbial infections. However, the global spread of pathogens resistant to available antibiotics is a major concern. Recently, the WHO has updated the priority list of...

Fluoroquinolones (FQs) have been widely used for treating urinary tract infections (UTIs); however, the increasing emergence of resistant strains has compromised their use. We aimed to know the usefulness of FQs for the treatment of community-acquire...

Essential oils (EOs) isolated from different plant materials, namely Origanum majorana L., Satureja hortensis L., and Satureja montana L. (OMEO, SHEO, and SMEO, respectively), were used in fresh turkey sausage processing. The chemical composition and...

Senna alata leaves display various biological activities as a result of their rhein and phenolic composition. The objective of this study was to develop bioactive de-chlorophyll rhein-rich S. alata extracts. The rhein content was quantified using a v...

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become a major problem in public health leading to an estimated 4.95 million deaths in 2019. The selective pressure caused by the massive and repeated use of antibiotics has led to bacterial strains that are partial...

Fungal infections and the accompanying inflammatory responses are associated with great morbidity and mortality due to the frequent relapses triggered by an increased resistance to antifungal agents. Furthermore, this inflammatory state can be exacer...

The food industry has been exploring the association of polymers with nanoparticles in packaging production, and active products are essential to increase the shelf life of food and avoid contamination. Our study developed starch-poly (adipate co-ter...

Essential oils (EOs) and their vapour phase of Curcuma longa (Zingiberaceae), Cymbopogon citratus (Poaceae), Ocimum campechianum (Lamiaceae), and Zingiber officinale (Zingiberaceae) of cultivated plants grown in an Amazonian Ecuador area were chemica...

Background: Trauma is a leading cause of death and disability. Patients with trauma undergoing invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) are at risk for ventilator-associated events (VAEs) potentially associated with a longer duration of IMV and increase...

Appropriate postoperative antibiotic treatment in patients with infective endocarditis (IE) reduces the risks of recurrence and mortality. However, concerns about adverse drug reactions arise due to prolonged antibiotic usage. Therefore, we compared...

Antibiotic resistance is an issue in many areas of human activity. The mobilization of antibiotic resistance genes within the bacterial community makes it difficult to study and control the phenomenon. It is known that certain insertion sequences, wh...

The aim of this research is to profile the chemical composition of the essential oil (EO) extracted from the aerial parts of Origanum elongatum (O. elongatum) and to evaluate its antioxidant, antibacterial and insecticidal activities on Ceratitis cap...

Pneumococcal infection strongly contributes to morbidity and mortality in Spain. A total of 253,899 hospitalizations related to pneumococcal infection occurred from 2016 to 2020. Fifty-eight percent were men, the mean age was 67 years old, and the av...

Even though Everolimus has been investigated in a phase II randomized trial as a host-directed therapy (HDT) to treat tuberculosis (TB), an oncological patient treated with Everolimus for a neuroendocrine pancreatic neoplasia developed active TB twic...

The aim of this work was to study the resistance to macrolides (azithromycin) in the modern Russian population of N. gonorrhoeae with the analysis of genetic resistance determinants. Azithromycin is not used to treat gonococcal infection in Russia. H...

Globally, cephalosporin therapy failure is a serious problem for infection control. One causative agent of cephalosporin-resistant infections is multidrug-resistant (MDR) E. coli producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and/or plasmid-en...

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represents a major issue in healthcare being correlated to global inappropriate use of antibiotics. The aim of this study was to compare the data on hospital antibiotic consumption in 2020–2021 with those related...

For decades, the potential role of probiotics in the prevention and treatment of recurrent urinary tract infections has been extensively studied. However, achieving an effective problem-solving strategy has thus far proven elusive. Perhaps adopting a...

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important pathogen as it can cause hospital-acquired infections. Additionally, it can also colonize in patients and in other various environments. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial susceptibility, a...

Background: Drug-resistant tuberculosis has continued to be a serious global health threat defined by complexity as well as higher morbidity and mortality wherever it occurs, Zambia included. However, the paucity of information on drug-susceptibility...

Infectious disease is one of the greatest causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and with the emergence of antimicrobial resistance, the situation is worsening. In order to prevent this crisis, antimicrobial resistance needs to be monitored car...

The purpose of the study was to describe the antimicrobial activity of 16 common essential oils (EOs) on multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates, including the determination of the effects on mex efflux pumps gene expressio...

Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile) is the most common pathogen causing antibiotic-associated intestinal diseases in humans and some animal species, but it can also be present in various environments outside hospitals. Thus, the objective of this...

Pneumonia is a growing problem worldwide and remains an important cause of morbidity, hospitalizations, intensive care unit admission and mortality. Viruses are the causative agents in almost a fourth of cases of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in...

Currently, in hospitals and community health centers, microbial infections are highly common diseases and are a leading cause of death worldwide. Antibiotics are generally used to fight microbial infections; however, because of the abuse of antibioti...

Streptococcus suis is a zoonotic pathogen causing disease in both animals and humans, and the emergence of increasingly resistant bacteria to antimicrobial agents has become a significant challenge globally. The objective of this study was to investi...

Bacteria, filamentous fungi, and plants synthesize thousands of secondary metabolites with important biological and pharmacological activities. The biosynthesis of these metabolites is performed by networks of complex enzymes such as non-ribosomal pe...

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a drug-resistant superbug that causes various types of community- and hospital-acquired infectious diseases. The current study was aimed to see the genetic characteristics and gene expression of M...

Antibiotic stewardship in urologic reconstruction is critically important, as many patients will require indwelling catheters for days to weeks following surgery and thus are at risk of both developing catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CA...

Escherichia coli able to produce extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and plasmid-mediated AmpC β-lactamases (pAmpCs) represents a serious threat to public health, since these genes confer resistance to critically important antimicrobials...

Genotypically, 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis clearly differentiates between species. However, species delineation between Escherichia fergusonii and Escherichia coli is much more difficult and cannot be distinguished by 16S rRNA gene sequences alon...

Cryptococcus neoformans is the pathogen responsible for cryptococcal pneumonia and meningitis, mainly affecting patients with suppressed immune systems. We have previously revealed the mechanism of anticryptococcal action of synthetic antimicrobial p...

Pseudomonas aeruginosa causes a wide range of acute and chronic infections. Aminoglycosides are a cornerstone of treatment, but isolates are often resistant. The purpose of this research was to better understand the genetic basis of aminoglycoside re...

Polyene antifungal amphotericin B (AmB) has been used for over 60 years, and remains a valuable clinical treatment for systemic mycoses, due to its broad antifungal activity and low rate of emerging resistance. There is no consensus on how exactly it...

Background: although the prevalence of bacterial co-infections for COVID-19 patients is very low, most patients receive empirical antimicrobial therapy. Furthermore, broad spectrum antibiotics are preferred to narrow spectrum antibiotics. Methods: in...

Enterobacteriaceae have been classified as severely drug resistant bacteria by the World Health Organization due to their extensive production and dissemination of carbapenemases (CPs) and extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL). The current study...

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an emerging challenge to global public health. The use of antibiotics in the veterinary field is one of the contributing factors to AMR mostly due to poor knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of dispensers. Vete...

Background: The plasmid−mediated tigecycline resistance gene tet(X4) confers a high level of resistance to tigecycline. The experiment aims to investigate the prevalence and characterization of tet(X4) in Escherichia coli isolates from chicken...

One of the most widespread bacterial infections worldwide, Helicobacter pylori is thought to affect almost half of the world’s population. Due to rising antibiotic resistance, treatment should be tailored according to antibiotic susceptibility...

Hot and humid countries such as Indonesia have a higher prevalence of acne vulgaris (AV). The activity of skin microbes, not only Cutibacterium acnes, contribute to the formation of AV. Topical and oral antibiotics are routinely prescribed to treat A...

1. Background: Literature data on bacterial infections and their impact on the mortality rates of COVID-19 patients from Romania are scarce, while worldwide reports are contrasting. 2. Materials and Methods: We conducted a unicentric retrospective ob...

The aim of this research was to investigate the effects of biofilm on antibiotic resistance of the bacterial isolates present in fish meat and to assess the risk of antibiotic residues for public health. Common carp, silver carp and grass carp fishes...

Resistance to antibiotic treatment developed by bacteria in humans and animals occurs when the microorganisms resist treatment with clinically approved antibiotics. Actions must be implemented to stop the further development of antibiotic resistance...

The prospective application of probiotics is an adjuvant for the advancement of novel antimicrobial and wound-healing agents. Currently, probiotic bacteria are utilized for the biosynthesis of nanoparticles in the development of innovative therapeuti...

Although the lungs were considered to be sterile until recently, the advent of molecular biology techniques, such as polymerase chain reaction, 16 S rRNA sequencing and metagenomics has led to our expanding knowledge of the lung microbiome. These met...

Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a major obstacle in the therapy of infectious diseases and cancer. One of the major mechanisms of MDR is the overexpression of efflux pumps (EPs) that are responsible for extruding antimicrobial and anticancer agents. EP...

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have gained the attention of the research community for being an alternative to conventional antimicrobials to fight antibiotic resistance and for displaying other pharmacologically relevant activities, such as cell pene...

In the adult population, community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a serious disease that is responsible for high morbidity and mortality rates, being frequently associated with multidrug resistant pathogens. The aim of this review is to update a practic...

Governments and healthcare organisations collect data on antibiotic prescribing (AP) for surveillance. This data can support tools for visualisations and feedback to GPs using dashboards that may prompt a change in prescribing behaviour. The objectiv...

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a leading public health threat, which is exacerbated by the high and inappropriate use of antibiotics. Consequently, there is a need to evaluate knowledge regarding antibiotic use, AMR and the readiness to implement...