Sci | September 2024 - Browse Articles

26 pages, 830 KiB

Open AccessReview

Modal Identification Techniques for Concrete Dams: A Comprehensive Review and Application

by Hasan Mostafaei

Sci 2024, 6(3), 40; https://doi.org/10.3390/sci6030040 - 15 Jul 2024

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Throughout history, the implementation of structural health monitoring systems has played a crucial role in evaluating the responses of dams to environmental and human-induced threats. By continuously monitoring structural integrity and analyzing dynamic characteristics, these systems offer a robust alternative to traditional visual inspection methods, ensuring the long-term safety of dams. This paper delves into the intricate process of operational modal analysis applied to dams, encompassing data collection, preprocessing, and the utilization of diverse modal identification techniques across both time and frequency domains. Moreover, it explores innovative approaches aimed at overcoming challenges encountered in previous methodologies. Also, the evolution of automated modal identification techniques and their application in dams are investigated. It explores the advancements in this field and their implications for enhancing the efficiency and accuracy of modal analysis processes. Furthermore, this paper evaluates the effectiveness of damage detection methods in dams based on operational modal identification. Full article

39 pages, 14746 KiB

Open AccessReview

Connecting Soft and Hard: An Integrating Role of Systems Dynamics in Tsunami Modeling and Simulation

by Marek Zanker, Bilal Naji Alhasnawi, František Babič, Vladimír Bureš, Pavel Čech, Martina Husáková, Peter Mikulecký, Tomáš Nacházel, Daniela Ponce, Salman Iqbal and Bishoy E. Sedhom

Sci 2024, 6(3), 39; https://doi.org/10.3390/sci6030039 - 11 Jul 2024

Viewed by 326

Abstract

Modeling and simulation have been used to study tsunamis for several decades. We created a review to identify the software and methods used in the last decade of tsunami research. The systematic review was based on the PRISMA methodology. We analyzed 105 articles and identified 27 unique software and 45 unique methods. The reviewed articles can be divided into the following basic categories: exploring historical tsunamis based on tsunami deposits, modeling tsunamis in 3D space, identifying tsunami impacts, exploring relevant variables for tsunamis, creating tsunami impact maps, and comparing simulation results with real data. Based on the outcomes of this review, this study suggests and exemplifies the possibilities of system dynamics as a unifying methodology that can integrate modeling and simulation of most identified phenomena. Hence, it contributes to the development of tsunami modeling as a scientific discipline that can offer new ideas and highlight limitations or a building block for further research in the field of natural disasters. Full article

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13 pages, 4060 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Promising Catalyst for Chlorosilane Dismutation

by Olesya Zhuchok, Yegor Stolmakov, Alexandra Kalinina, Vitaly Medov, Darya Belousova, Nikita Maleev and Georgy Mochalov

Sci 2024, 6(3), 38; https://doi.org/10.3390/sci6030038 - 1 Jul 2024

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Abstract

Currently, the most common method of silane synthesis for electronics and photovoltaics is trichlorosilane dismutation. Therefore, an experimental study of the kinetics of the dismutation reaction of chlorosilanes is of scientific and practical interest. A catalyst has been proposed that allows the dismutation reaction to be carried out in a wide range of temperatures and pressures. Both kinetic and thermodynamic data on the dependence of the rate of the dismutation reactions of trichlorosilane, dichlorosilane, and monochlorosilane on pressure were experimentally obtained. In addition, the dependence of saturated vapor pressure on temperature for monochlorosilane and dichlorosilane were also experimentally determined. Using the example of TCS, it was experimentally established that increasing the pressure to six atmospheres makes it possible to increase the specific productivity of the reactor by at least an order of magnitude due to the acceleration of the chemical reaction and the increase in the molar concentration of chlorosilanes in the vapor mixture. Consequently, it becomes possible to multiply the reactor’s load on the substance and, accordingly, the performance of the chlorosilane dismutation apparatus in general. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Chemistry Science)

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14 pages, 405 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Effect of the Acquisition Rate on Post-Acquisition Innovation

by Yingmei Li, Yona Kwon and Seungho Choi

Sci 2024, 6(3), 37; https://doi.org/10.3390/sci6030037 - 1 Jul 2024

Viewed by 361

Abstract

Technology acquisitions are one of the most common growth strategies for firms. Firms that have made multiple acquisitions in the past are more likely to make new ones. With previous M&A experience, firms are more likely to make acquisitions. The acquisition rate is the total number of acquisitions a firm has made at a given time. In technology acquisition, the acquisition rate affects innovative firm performance. The more frequent acquisitions a firm makes, the less innovative performance will occur. A high acquisition rate negatively affects post-acquisition performance by dominating the attention of decision-makers and overloading the firm. During the process, there needs to be structural integration between the acquirer and the target firm. This study empirically analyzes 380 cases of technology acquisitions of U.S. publicly traded companies from 1990 to 2005. The results show that a high acquisition rate is negatively related to the post-acquisition innovation performance of the acquirer. Although structural integration has no impact on the negative relationship between post-acquisition performance and acquisition rate, considering the acquisition rate when pursuing M&A allows acquiring firms to avoid detrimental consequences. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Industry 4.0—New Entrepreneurial Opportunities: How to Make Money with AI in Manufacturing)

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Sci, Volume 6, Issue 3 (September 2024) – 4 articles

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