Fire, Volume 6, Issue 11

Particles emitted from combustion sources have a negative impact on human health and the environment. The solid fuel boilers that are used in households are a significant source of air pollution. The present study analyzes particulate matter (PM) pro...

To investigate the fire risk in a complex tunnel with varying cross-sections, sloped structures, and dense upper cover beams, this study considered four fire source positions: the immersed tube section, confluence section, highway auxiliary road sect...

Climate change is already significantly affecting the frequency of wildfires in most regions of the world, and the risk of wildfires is expected to amplify further with global warming. Accordingly, there is growing concern about the mechanisms and im...

In this study, based on a real fire in an object intended to produce electricity, the method of fire extinguishing by fire protection units with components of the Integrated Rescue System was characterised. The goal was to examine the effectiveness o...

Fire detection is a critical safety issue due to the major and irreversible consequences of fire, from economic prejudices to loss of life. It is therefore of utmost importance to design reliable, automated systems that can issue early alarms. The ob...

Street trees provide ecosystem services such as heat mitigation, improved community well-being, and biodiversity conservation. At the wildland–urban interface (WUI), high-flammability street trees also provide a conflicting ecosystem disservice...

The reconfiguration of fire and rescue services is the focus of this research. The main purpose is to propose an alternative organizational model for better dealing with post-flashover building fires. The primary source of empirical information is a...

The destructive Sir Ivan Dougherty fire burned 55,000 hectares around 250 km northwest of Sydney in New South Wales on 12 February 2017. Record hot temperatures were recorded in the area during the lead-in days and the fire conditions at the time wer...

The temperature field and chemiluminescence measurements of axisymmetric flame are obtained simultaneously in only one image. Digital Laser Speckle Displacement measures temperature fields, and direct image flame determines chemiluminescence values....

This study explores the intricate behaviors of smoke flow, temperature distribution, carbon monoxide (CO) levels, and visibility dynamics within complex underground spaces during fire incidents. A key revelation is the profound impact of ventilation...

This paper presents the results of measurements of ignition delay times in hydrogen–oxygen mixtures highly diluted with argon. The experiments were carried out behind an incident shock wave at temperatures from 870 to 2500 K, pressures from 0.5...

The current study primarily aimed to simulate detonation initiation via turbulent jet flame acceleration in partial-premixed H₂-air mixtures. Different vertical concentration gradients were generated by varying the duration of hydrogen injection (dif...

Low-pressure water mist fire extinguishing systems are a cost-effective and highly reliable option for fire protection. However, they have not yet seen widespread use in urban underground utility tunnels. To validate the fire extinguishing effectiven...

Highly flammable substances such as hydrogen and silane are used in the semiconductor manufacturing process. When gas leaks, it is mixed with outside air and connected to a treatment facility through the duct inside the gas box. This study investigat...

In recent years, due to the extensive application and inherent fire hazard of cable materials, the combustion characteristics of frequently used cables, including electrical cables, wires, optical fibers, and network cables have been studied based on...

Little is known about the interactions between the variables involved in the post-fire response of Mediterranean pine species to prescribed burning (PB). Thus, it is essential to develop an empirical model in order to assess the influence of tree and...

As a result of global warming, fire outbreaks are becoming a common occurrence. There is, therefore, the need for an effective, low-cost and environmentally friendly fire-retardant material. Amine-terminated polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane, ATL-...

Natural disturbances (wildfires, droughts, beetle outbreaks) shaped temperate forests for millennia, including dry forests of the western USA. Could they now best restore and adapt dry forests to climate change while protecting nearby communities? Me...

The increasing incidence of wildfires in the Mediterranean region has raised significant scientific and environmental concerns. This study focuses on a retrospective analysis of wildfire ignition and propagation within the context of the Monte Catill...

Biomass burning (BB) emissions negatively impact the biosphere and human lives. Orbital remote sensing and modelling are used to estimate BB emissions on regional to global scales, but these estimates are subject to errors related to the parameters,...

Polylactic acid (PLA) has intrigued widespread attention as a biodegradable and environmentally friendly polymer, and recent research has revealed that the use of porous PLA in heat sinks for thermal management materials offers promising development...

Fire suppression has become a fundamental approach for shaping contemporary wildfire regimes. However, a growing body of research suggests that aggressive fire suppression can increase high-intensity wildfires, creating the wildfire paradox. Whether...

(1) Background: Satellite monitoring of fire effects is widespread, but often satellite-derived values are considered without respect to the characteristic severity of fires in different vegetation types or fire areas. Particularly in regions with di...

The comprehension of the fire evacuation process is crucial for developing effective evacuation management strategies to enhance pedestrian safety. In this study, we construct a classroom with internal obstacles forming intersecting pathways in Minec...

Bushfires are classified as catastrophic disasters capable of inflicting significant destruction. The key detrimental consequences of bushfires include the loss of human lives, trauma within communities, economic losses and environmental damage. For...

Different systems of fire protection coatings are used to protect the metal structures of stories and trestles at oil and gas facilities from low (when filling cryogenic liquids) and high temperatures (in case of the possible development of a hydroca...

Prescribed burning and pyric herbivory play pivotal roles in mitigating wildfire risks, underscoring the imperative of consistent biomass monitoring for assessing fuel load reductions. Drone-derived surface models promise uninterrupted biomass survei...

As climate change and human activity increase the likelihood of devastating wildfires, the need for early fire detection methods is inevitable. Although, it has been shown that deep learning and artificial intelligence can offer a solution to this pr...

Background-oriented Schlieren tomography (BOST) is widely used for 3D reconstruction of turbulent flames. Two major concerns are associated with 3D reconstruction. One is the time asynchrony within the data acquisition of the high-speed camera. The o...

Ladle slag, a byproduct of steel manufacturing, exhibits inherent reactivity and undergoes hydration when exposed to water. Nevertheless, these reaction byproducts often remain metastable, leading to microstructural alterations when incorporated into...

The increasing incidence of aircraft cargo compartment fires in recent years has caused heavy losses and drawn attention to understanding the combustion process, especially under low pressure. The present paper aims at exploring the conditions of fla...

Soil organic carbon (SOC) is an important component of the ecosystem carbon pool, and fire is one of the important disturbances in forest ecosystems. With global warming, there has been a gradual increase in boreal forest fires, which has a nonneglig...

Numerical simulations, based on the theories of computational fluid dynamics and combustion, are currently a powerful tool in the field of fire engineering. Field models allow us to analyze key aspects such as the integrity of buildings and safety. H...

A wide variety of natural catastrophes are induced by coal mining, with fire hazard being one of the most significant threats to underground engineering structures. In recent years, there has been an alarming rise in mine fire accidents due to the ab...

Wildfires cause extensive damage, but their rapid detection and cause assessment remains challenging. Existing methods utilize satellite data to map burned areas and meteorological data to model fire risk, but there are no information technologies to...

Coal spontaneous combustion (CSC) in gob not only leads to wasted resources and casualties, but also produces a lot of waste gas that pollutes the underground environment. Mastering the degree of CSC helps ensure that timely and effective control mea...