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Antioxidants
Special Issues
Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidants in Fruits and Vegetables
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Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidants in Fruits and Vegetables

A special issue of Antioxidants (ISSN 2076-3921). This special issue belongs to the section "Natural and Synthetic Antioxidants".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 December 2024 | Viewed by 13765

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Marilena Muraglia

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University Aldo Moro Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy
Interests: analysis and research methods applied to complex matrices of nutraceutical interest; enhancement of matrices of the Mediterranean diet for the treatment of preschool pediatric obesity; enhancement of matrices of the Mediterranean diet for the treatment of endometriosis; SAR and 3D-QSAR design; synthesis and characterization (GC MS, H NMR, FT) of molecules with potential pharmacological activity; development of advanced methodologies in pharmaceutical analysis; analytical separation of newly synthesized molecules and biomolecules via U-HPLC and HPLC; project-based learning
Prof. Dr. Filomena Corbo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli studi Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
Interests: natural product chemistry
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The growing number of scientific studies conducted to demonstrate the functional and healthy properties of pools of bioactive molecules extracted from plant matrices and their waste is now known. In particular, scientific studies provide strong evidence that polyphenols are involved in different pathways favoring a potential beneficial effect on diseases such as obesity, dyslipidemia, blood pressure, and blood sugar and associated complications (oxidative stress and inflammation). However, despite an exorbitant number of research, overall, the evidence provided to establish a cause-and-effect relationship between polyphenols and their health effect is not sufficient.

In this Special Issue, we invite the scientific community (chemists, pharmacologists, biochemists, drug chemists, and toxicologists) to provide original papers, clinical reports, and review articles to understand and rationalize the potential beneficial effects of polyphenols on consumer health.

The focus of this Special Issue is to gather interdisciplinary expertise with the aim of building factual understanding that can be translated through industrial work into health benefits.

Dr. Marilena Muraglia
Dr. Filomena Corbo
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antioxidants is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • metabolic syndrome (MetS)
  • multi-target
  • polypharmacology
  • prevention
  • polyphenols
  • antioxidants
  • anti-inflammation
  • ageing
  • cancer
  • cardiovascular diseases
  • diabetes
  • obesity
  • mediterranean diet
  • health claim
  • human studies
  • green extraction
  • metabolomic
  • experimental design
  • nutrition

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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23 pages, 4336 KiB  
Article
Anthocyanin-Rich Berry Extracts Affect SN-38-Induced Response: A Comparison of Non-Tumorigenic HCEC-1CT and HCT116 Colon Carcinoma Cells
by Cornelia Schmutz, Crepelle Plaza, Franziska Steiger, Natascha Stoirer, Judith Gufler, Gudrun Pahlke, Frank Will, Walter Berger and Doris Marko
Antioxidants 2024, 13(7), 846; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13070846 - 15 Jul 2024
Viewed by 285
Abstract
Chemotherapy with irinotecan (CPT-11), the pro-drug of the highly cytotoxic SN-38, is among the standard-of-care treatments for colorectal cancer. To counteract undesired toxic side effects on healthy tissue such as the intestinal epithelium, the use of preparations rich in polyphenols with anti-oxidative and [...] Read more.
Chemotherapy with irinotecan (CPT-11), the pro-drug of the highly cytotoxic SN-38, is among the standard-of-care treatments for colorectal cancer. To counteract undesired toxic side effects on healthy tissue such as the intestinal epithelium, the use of preparations rich in polyphenols with anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties such as anthocyanins has been proposed. In the present study, the question of whether non-tumorigenic human epithelium cells (HCEC-1CT) can be protected against the cytotoxic impact of SN-38 by anthocyanin-rich polyphenol extracts without compromising the desired therapeutic effect against tumor cells (HCT-116) was addressed. Hence, single and combinatory effects of anthocyanin-rich polyphenol extracts of elderberry (EB), bilberry (Bil), blackberry (BB) and black currant (BC) with the chemotherapeutic drug SN-38 were investigated. Out of the extracts, BB showed the most potent concentration-dependent cytotoxicity alone and in combination with SN-38, with even stronger effects in non-tumorigenic HCEC-1CT cells. In cytotoxic concentrations, BB decreased the level of DNA/topoisomerase I covalent complexes in HCEC-1CT cells below base level but without concomitant reduction in SN-38-induced DNA strand breaks. The herein reported data argue towards an interference of anthocyanins with successful treatment of cancer cells and a lack of protective properties in healthy cells. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidants in Fruits and Vegetables)
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30 pages, 16277 KiB  
Article
Antioxidant Extracts from Greek and Spanish Olive Leaves: Antimicrobial, Anticancer and Antiangiogenic Effects
by Ioana Zinuca Magyari-Pavel, Elena-Alina Moacă, Ștefana Avram, Zorița Diaconeasa, Daniela Haidu, Mariana Nela Ștefănuț, Arpad Mihai Rostas, Delia Muntean, Larisa Bora, Bianca Badescu, Cristian Iuhas, Cristina Adriana Dehelean and Corina Danciu
Antioxidants 2024, 13(7), 774; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13070774 - 27 Jun 2024
Viewed by 1079
Abstract
Olea europaea L. is the most valuable species of the Olea type, and its products offer a wide range of therapeutical uses. The olive tree has been extensively studied for its nourishing qualities, and the “Mediterranean diet”, which includes virgin olive oil as [...] Read more.
Olea europaea L. is the most valuable species of the Olea type, and its products offer a wide range of therapeutical uses. The olive tree has been extensively studied for its nourishing qualities, and the “Mediterranean diet”, which includes virgin olive oil as a key dietary component, is strongly associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease and various malignancies. Olive leaves, a by-product in the olive harvesting process, are valued as a resource for developing novel phytomedicines. For this purpose, two ethanolic extracts obtained from Olivae folium from Spain (OFS) and Greece (OFG) were investigated. Our findings contribute to a wider characterization of olive leaves. Both extracts displayed important amounts of phenolic compounds and pentacyclic triterpenes, OFG having higher concentrations of both polyphenols, such as oleuropein and lutein, as well as triterpenes, such as oleanolic acid and maslinic acid. The antioxidant capacity is similar for the two extracts, albeit slightly higher for OFG, possibly due to metal polyphenol complexes with antioxidant activity. The extracts elicited an antimicrobial effect at higher doses, especially against Gram-positive bacteria, such as Streptococcus pyogenes. The extract with lower inorganic content and higher content of polyphenols and triterpenic acids induced a strong anti-radical capacity, a selective cytotoxic effect, as well as antimigratory potential on A375 melanoma cells and antiangiogenic potential on the CAM. No irritability and a good tolerability were noted after evaluating the extracts on the in vivo Hen’s Egg Test−Chorioallantoic Membrane (HET-CAM). Therefore, the present data are suggestive for the possible use of the two types of olive leaf products as high-antioxidant extracts, potentially impacting the healthcare system through their use as antimicrobial agents and as anticancer and anti-invasion treatments for melanoma. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidants in Fruits and Vegetables)
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16 pages, 1772 KiB  
Article
Effects of Food-Derived Antioxidant Compounds on In Vitro Heavy Metal Intestinal Bioaccessibility
by Maria Maisto, Adua Marzocchi, Roberto Ciampaglia, Vincenzo Piccolo, Niloufar Keivani, Vincenzo Summa and Gian Carlo Tenore
Antioxidants 2024, 13(5), 610; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13050610 - 16 May 2024
Viewed by 781
Abstract
Environmental contamination by heavy metals (HMs) has emerged as a significant global issue in recent decades. Among natural substances, food-deriving polyphenols have found a valuable application in chelating therapy, partially limited by their low water solubility. Thus, three different hydroalcoholic extracts titrated in [...] Read more.
Environmental contamination by heavy metals (HMs) has emerged as a significant global issue in recent decades. Among natural substances, food-deriving polyphenols have found a valuable application in chelating therapy, partially limited by their low water solubility. Thus, three different hydroalcoholic extracts titrated in quercetin (QE), ellagic acid (EA), and curcumin (CUR) were formulated using maltodextrins as carriers, achieving a powder with a valuable water solubility (MQE 91.3 ± 1.2%, MEA 93.4 ± 2.1, and MCUR 89.3 ± 2%). Overcoming the problem of water solubility, such formulations were tested in an in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion experiment conducted on a water sample with standardized concentrations of the principal HMs. Our results indicate that regarding the nonessential HMs investigated (Pb, Cd, As, Sb, and Hg), MQE has been shown to be the most effective in increasing the HMs’ non-bioaccessible concentration, resulting in concentration increases in Cd of 68.3%, in As of 51.9%, in Hg of 58.9%, in Pb of 271.4, and in Sb of 111.2% (vs control, p < 0.001) in non-bioaccessible fractions. Regarding the essential HMs, MEA has shown the greatest capability to increase their intestinal bioaccessibility, resulting in +68.5%, +61.1, and +22.3% (vs control, p < 0.001) increases in Cu, Zn, and Fe, respectively. Finally, considering the strong relation between the antiradical and chelating activities, the radical scavenging potentials of the formulations was assayed in DPPH and ABTS assays. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidants in Fruits and Vegetables)
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15 pages, 1892 KiB  
Article
Identification of Oxidative-Stress-Reducing Plant Extracts from a Novel Extract Library—Comparative Analysis of Cell-Free and Cell-Based In Vitro Assays to Quantitate Antioxidant Activity
by Mara Heckmann, Verena Stadlbauer, Ivana Drotarova, Theresa Gramatte, Michaela Feichtinger, Verena Arnaut, Stefanie Atzmüller, Bettina Schwarzinger, Clemens Röhrl, Bernhard Blank-Landeshammer and Julian Weghuber
Antioxidants 2024, 13(3), 297; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13030297 - 28 Feb 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2106
Abstract
Numerous underexplored plant species are believed to possess considerable potential in combating oxidative stress and its associated health impacts, emphasizing the need for a comprehensive methodological screening approach to assess their antioxidant capacity. This study investigated 375 plant extracts, utilizing both cell-free and [...] Read more.
Numerous underexplored plant species are believed to possess considerable potential in combating oxidative stress and its associated health impacts, emphasizing the need for a comprehensive methodological screening approach to assess their antioxidant capacity. This study investigated 375 plant extracts, utilizing both cell-free and cellular methods to evaluate their antioxidant properties. Target-based antioxidant capacity was evaluated by the total phenolic content (TPC) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. Cell-based assays employed the H2DCF-DA probe to measure reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and the Griess assay to quantify nitric oxide (NO) levels in stressed Caco-2 and RAW264.7 cells, respectively. The highest TPC and FRAP values were found in extracts of Origanum vulgare and Fragaria × ananassa leaves. Several plant extracts significantly reduced stress-induced ROS or NO levels by at least 30%. Distinctive selectivity was noted in certain extracts, favoring the significant reduction of NO (e.g., Helianthus tuberosus extract), of ROS (e.g., Prunus domestica subsp. Syriaca extract), or of both (e.g., Fragaria × ananassa leaf extract). A strong correlation between TPC and FRAP values and moderate correlations between the results of the cell-free and cell-based assays were evident. These findings highlight the great antioxidant potential of underexplored plant extracts and the diversity of the underlying mechanisms, emphasizing the importance of a multifaceted approach for a comprehensive assessment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidants in Fruits and Vegetables)
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16 pages, 3963 KiB  
Article
Saponins of Tomato Extract Improve Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Regulating Oxidative Stress and Lipid Homeostasis
by Ziming Yang, Li Zhang, Jinlei Liu, Albert S. C. Chan and Dianpeng Li
Antioxidants 2023, 12(10), 1848; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12101848 - 12 Oct 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3989
Abstract
The present study investigated the impact of saponins of tomato extract (STE) on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The findings demonstrated that introducing STE in NAFLD mice revealed promising results in ameliorating symptoms of oxidative stress, lipid metabolism disorders, visceral fat deposition and [...] Read more.
The present study investigated the impact of saponins of tomato extract (STE) on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The findings demonstrated that introducing STE in NAFLD mice revealed promising results in ameliorating symptoms of oxidative stress, lipid metabolism disorders, visceral fat deposition and fatty liver disease. Moreover, the mechanistic studies have demonstrated that STE delivers its effects by activating adenosine 5′-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK), thereby suppressing downstream protein expression associated with fatty acid synthesis. In such conditions, lipid metabolism can be improved. Simultaneously, STE enhanced nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and entry into the nucleus and initiated the transcription of downstream antioxidant factors, thereby relieving oxidative stress induced by a high-fat diet and lowering oxidative damage to the liver. Such results imply that the administration of STE can be regarded as a viable treatment option for NAFLD, providing a mechanism that can regulate the AMPK and Nrf2 signaling pathways. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidants in Fruits and Vegetables)
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Review

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46 pages, 2056 KiB  
Review
Metabolic Syndrome: A Narrative Review from the Oxidative Stress to the Management of Related Diseases
by Giovanni Martemucci, Giuseppe Fracchiolla, Marilena Muraglia, Roberta Tardugno, Roberta Savina Dibenedetto and Angela Gabriella D’Alessandro
Antioxidants 2023, 12(12), 2091; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12122091 - 8 Dec 2023
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 4188
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a growing disorder affecting thousands of people worldwide, especially in industrialised countries, increasing mortality. Oxidative stress, hyperglycaemia, insulin resistance, inflammation, dysbiosis, abdominal obesity, atherogenic dyslipidaemia and hypertension are important factors linked to MS clusters of different pathologies, such as [...] Read more.
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a growing disorder affecting thousands of people worldwide, especially in industrialised countries, increasing mortality. Oxidative stress, hyperglycaemia, insulin resistance, inflammation, dysbiosis, abdominal obesity, atherogenic dyslipidaemia and hypertension are important factors linked to MS clusters of different pathologies, such as diabesity, cardiovascular diseases and neurological disorders. All biochemical changes observed in MS, such as dysregulation in the glucose and lipid metabolism, immune response, endothelial cell function and intestinal microbiota, promote pathological bridges between metabolic syndrome, diabesity and cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disorders. This review aims to summarise metabolic syndrome’s involvement in diabesity and highlight the link between MS and cardiovascular and neurological diseases. A better understanding of MS could promote a novel strategic approach to reduce MS comorbidities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidants in Fruits and Vegetables)
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