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Poly-Pharmacological Approaches for Evaluating Targets with Multiple Antioxidative Mechanisms of Phytochemicals

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A special issue of Antioxidants (ISSN 2076-3921). This special issue belongs to the section "Methods for Antioxidants Evaluation/Measurement".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2023) | Viewed by 4631

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Ki Sung Kang

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Guest Editor

College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
Interests: diabetic complications; NASH; IBD; Toll-like receptor signal pathway; innate immunity
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Dr. Dahae Lee

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
Interests: diabetes; obesity; NASH; inflammation; Toll-like receptor signal pathway
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Plant-derived phytochemicals act as antioxidants. Owing to their diversity, phytochemicals cover a wide spectrum of therapeutic indications against various oxidative-stress-related diseases, such as cancer, cardiovascular, autoimmune, and neurological diseases; additionally, they have been a productive source of lead compounds for the development of novel medications. However, in the study of the various mechanisms of action of phytochemicals, there are many difficulties with existing research techniques. If we are to build our understanding of the poly-pharmacological effects of phytochemicals only through conventional experiments, a lot of time and effort is required. Recently, efforts to understand the disease by integrating conventional molecular biological experiments, bio-big-data analysis, and AI technologies have been rapidly increasing. Therefore, it is possible to develop a deeper understanding of the disease and to develop better treatments through a more integrated approach. An important direction for future investigation is to further optimize integrated phytochemical analyses with molecular biological, systems biological, and network pharmacological approaches so that we can predict multiple targets. This Special Issue aims to identify the molecular targets and mechanisms of phytochemicals for oxidative-stress-related diseases through poly-pharmacological approaches.

Dr. Ki Sung Kang
Dr. Dahae Lee
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antioxidants is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

phytochemicals
antioxidants
oxidative stress
molecular biology
systems biology

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 2702 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Neuroprotective Potential of Pyranocoumarins from Angelica gigas Nakai on Glutamate-Induced Hippocampal Cell Death

by Nguyen Khoi Song Tran, Tuy An Trinh, Jaesung Pyo, Chang Geon Kim, Jae Gyu Park and Ki Sung Kang

Antioxidants 2023, 12(8), 1651; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12081651 - 21 Aug 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1016

Abstract

Chronic neurodegenerative diseases are typically associated with oxidative stress conditions leading to neuronal cell death. We aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effect of three pyranocoumarins (decursin, decursinol angelate, and decursinol) targeting oxidative stress factors. Decursin (also known as dehydro-8-prenylnaringenin) is a prenylated coumarin compound consisting of a coumarin ring system with a prenyl group attached to one of the carbons in the ring. As a secondary metabolite of plants, pyranocoumarin decursin from Angelica gigas Nakai presented protective effects against glutamate-induced oxidative stress in HT22, a murine hippocampal neuronal cell line. Decursinol (DOH) is a metabolite of decursin, sharing same coumarin ring system but a slightly different chemical structure with the prenyl group replaced by a hydroxyl group (-OH). In our findings, DOH was ineffective while decursin was, suggesting that this prenyl structure may be important for compound absorption and neuroprotection. By diminishing the accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species as well as stimulating the expression of HO-1, decursin triggers the self-protection system in neuronal cells. Additionally, decursin also revealed an anti-apoptotic effect by inhibiting chromatin condensation and reducing the forming of annexin-V-positive cells. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Poly-Pharmacological Approaches for Evaluating Targets with Multiple Antioxidative Mechanisms of Phytochemicals)

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18 pages, 4778 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Unraveling the Antioxidant Capacity of Spatholobi caulis in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Multiscale Network Approach Integrated with Experimental Validation

by Su-Jin Bae, Won-Yung Lee, Seon-Been Bak, Young-Eun Kim, Min-Jin Kim and Young-Woo Kim

Antioxidants 2023, 12(5), 1097; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12051097 - 13 May 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1426

Abstract

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a global health problem that is closely associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome. Spatholobi caulis (SC) is a herbal medicine with potential hepatoprotective effects; however, its active compounds and underlying mechanisms have not been fully explored. In this study, we combined a multiscale network-level approach with experimental validation to investigate SC’s antioxidant properties and their impact on NAFLD. Data collection and network construction were performed, and active compounds and key mechanisms were identified through multi-scale network analysis. Validation was conducted using in vitro steatotic hepatocyte models and in vivo high-fat diet-induced NAFLD models. Our findings revealed that SC treatment improved NAFLD by modulating multiple proteins and signaling pathways, including AMPK signaling pathways. Subsequent experiments showed that SC treatment reduced lipid accumulation and oxidative stress. We also validated SC’s effects on AMPK and its crosstalk pathways, emphasizing their role in hepatoprotection. We predicted procyanidin B2 to be an active compound of SC and validated it using a lipogenesis in vitro model. Histological and biochemical analyses confirmed that SC ameliorated liver steatosis and inflammation in mice. This study presents SC’s potential use in NAFLD treatment and introduces a novel approach for identifying and validating active compounds in herbal medicine. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Poly-Pharmacological Approaches for Evaluating Targets with Multiple Antioxidative Mechanisms of Phytochemicals)

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Review

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26 pages, 2675 KiB

Open AccessReview

Correlation between Perturbation of Redox Homeostasis and Antibiofilm Capacity of Phytochemicals at Non-Lethal Concentrations

by Michael S. Christodoulou, Federica Villa, Andrea Pinto and Francesca Cappitelli

Antioxidants 2022, 11(12), 2451; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox11122451 - 12 Dec 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1757

Abstract

Biofilms are the multicellular lifestyle of microorganisms and are present on potentially every type of biotic or abiotic surface. Detrimental biofilms are generally targeted with antimicrobial compounds. Phytochemicals at sub-lethal concentrations seem to be an exciting alternative strategy to control biofilms, as they are less likely to impose selective pressure leading to resistance. This overview gathers the literature on individual phytocompounds rather than on extracts of which the use is difficult to reproduce. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first review to target only individual phytochemicals below inhibitory concentrations against biofilm formation. We explored whether there is an overall mechanism that can explain the effects of individual phytochemicals at sub-lethal concentrations. Interestingly, in all experiments reported here in which oxidative stress was investigated, a modest increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species was reported in treated cells compared to untreated specimens. At sub-lethal concentrations, polyphenolic substances likely act as pro-oxidants by disturbing the healthy redox cycle and causing an accumulation of reactive oxygen species. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Poly-Pharmacological Approaches for Evaluating Targets with Multiple Antioxidative Mechanisms of Phytochemicals)

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