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Applications of MOFs and COFs in Drug Delivery, Separation and...
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Applications of MOFs and COFs in Drug Delivery, Separation and Water Purification Purposes

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Chemical and Molecular Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 July 2023) | Viewed by 10329

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Zeid Abdullah ALOthman

E-Mail Website1 Website2 Website3
Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
Interests: waste water treatment; extraction; chromatography; material chemistry; analytical methods
Prof. Dr. Mohamed Abdelaty Habila

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
Interests: nano-scale materials; adsoption/desoptrion; microextraction; spectroscopy; analytical methods

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The development of metal organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs) has received greet attention in various fields including catalysis, sensing, adsorption of pollutants and medical carrier for drug delivery. The unique properties of these materials exhibit the controlled porosity, facile functionalization of surface and entire structure, and tuning the structure and crystallinity. There are numerous methods for MOFs and COFs fabrication including precipitation, solvothermal, mechanical and microwave assessed processes. The variation in selection of starting materials for building MOFs or COFs such as metals with various charge, ligands with multi active site, solvation medium, polarity environment and temperature, open the space for preparation of innovative materials. The orientation of MOFs and COFs based materials for drug delivery require specific structure to enable biocompatibility, high efficiency and smart performance. In addition, to assess the toxicity and biocompatibility of MOFs and COFs. There are a crucial need for research covering the fabrication, functionalization, characterization and applications of MOFs and COFs. Furthermore, to investigate the kinetic, equilibrium and/or thermodynamic models for studying the adsorption/desorpion processes onto MOFs and/or COFs. Therefore, in this special issue, we invite submissions exploring the following topics:

  • Methods for fabrication and tuning MOFs and COFs for drug delivery, separation and water treatment purposes.
  • Biological investigations related to monitoring bio-indicators to assess the biocompatibility and toxicity.
  • Studies including the spectroscopic evaluation of MOFs and COFs for drug delivery, separation and water purification applications.
  • Adsorption/desorption optimization for applying MOFs and/or COFs as adsorbent for separation and water purification.
  • Investigations of the kinetic, equilibrium and/or thermodynamic models for understanding the mechanism of MOFs and/or COFs performance for drug delivery, separation and water purification.  

Prof. Dr. Zeid Abdullah ALOthman
Prof. Dr. Mohamed Abdelaty Habila
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 15259 KiB  
Article
Biodegradable Polymer Composites of Metal Organic Framework-5 (MOF-5) for the Efficient and Sustained Delivery of Cephalexin and Metronidazole
by Anoff Anim, Lila A. M. Mahmoud, Adrian L. Kelly, Maria G. Katsikogianni and Sanjit Nayak
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(19), 10611; https://doi.org/10.3390/app131910611 - 23 Sep 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1748
Abstract
The sustained and controlled delivery of antimicrobial drugs has been largely studied using nanomaterials, like metal organic frameworks (MOFs), and various polymers. However, not much attention has been given to combining MOFs and biodegradable polymers towards the potentially more sustained release of active [...] Read more.
The sustained and controlled delivery of antimicrobial drugs has been largely studied using nanomaterials, like metal organic frameworks (MOFs), and various polymers. However, not much attention has been given to combining MOFs and biodegradable polymers towards the potentially more sustained release of active pharmaceutical ingredients. Herein, we report a comparative study of two widely used antimicrobial drugs, cephalexin and metronidazole, from zinc-based MOF-5 incorporated into biodegradable polycaprolactone (PCL) and poly-lactic glycolic acid (PLGA) composites. Cephalexin and metronidazole were separately loaded into MOF-5 post-synthetically, followed by their integration into biodegradable PLGA and PCL composites. The pristine MOF-5 and the loaded MOFs were thoroughly characterised using Fourier-transformed infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD). Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy studies were carried out to assess the release of the drugs in PBS for up to 72 h, showing a cumulative release of 24.95 wt% and 27.84 wt% for cephalexin and metronidazole, respectively. The antibacterial properties of the pristine MOF, pure drugs, drug-loaded MOFs and the loaded composites were assessed against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains, Staphylococcus aureus or Staphylococcus epidermidis and Escherichia coli or Acinetobacter baumanii, respectively. A cephalexin-loaded MOF-5 composite of PCL (PCL-ceph@MOF-5) showed the best efficiency for the controlled release of drugs to inhibit the growth of the bacteria compared to the other composites. This study demonstrates that the combination of MOFs with biodegradable polymers can provide an efficient platform for the sustained release of antimicrobial drugs and can be a promising tool to manage antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of MOFs and COFs in Drug Delivery, Separation and Water Purification Purposes)
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16 pages, 9151 KiB  
Article
Fabrication of Spiny-like Spherical Copper Metal–Organic Frameworks for the Microextraction of Arsenic(III) from Water and Food Samples before ICP-MS Detection
by Mohamed A. Habila, Zeid A. ALOthman, Mohamed Sheikh and Saleh O. Alaswad
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(18), 10036; https://doi.org/10.3390/app131810036 - 6 Sep 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1167
Abstract
Spiny-like spherical copper metal–organic frameworks (SSC-MOFs) were prepared and characterized via SEM, TEM, EDS, XRD, FTIR and the BET surface area. The fabricated SSC-MOFs were applied to develop a procedure for the microextraction of trace arsenic(III) for preconcentration. The results show that a [...] Read more.
Spiny-like spherical copper metal–organic frameworks (SSC-MOFs) were prepared and characterized via SEM, TEM, EDS, XRD, FTIR and the BET surface area. The fabricated SSC-MOFs were applied to develop a procedure for the microextraction of trace arsenic(III) for preconcentration. The results show that a copper- and imidazole-derived metal–organic framework was formed in a sphere with a spiny surface and a surface area of 120.7 m2/g. The TEM confirmed the perforated network structures of the SSC-MOFs, which were prepared at room temperature. The surface functional groups were found to contain NH and C=N groups. The XRD analysis confirmed the crystalline structure of the prepared SSC-MOFs. The application for the process of microextracting the arsenic(III) for preconcentration was achieved with superior efficiency. The optimum conditions for the recovery of the arsenic(III) were a pH of 7 and the use of a sample volume up to 40 mL. The developed SSC-MOF-derived microextraction process has an LOD of 0.554 µg·L−1 and an LOQ of 1.66 µg·L−10. The developed SSC-MOF-derived microextraction process was applied for the accurate preconcentration of arsenic(III) from real samples, including food and water, with the promised performance efficiency. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of MOFs and COFs in Drug Delivery, Separation and Water Purification Purposes)
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13 pages, 3024 KiB  
Article
Upgrading the Hydrogen Storage of MOF-5 by Post-Synthetic Exchange with Divalent Metal Ions
by Abdul Malik P. Peedikakkal and Isam H. Aljundi
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(24), 11687; https://doi.org/10.3390/app112411687 - 9 Dec 2021
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 3282
Abstract
In metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), mixed-metal clusters have the opportunity to adsorb hydrogen molecules due to a greater charge density of the metal. Such interactions may subsequently enhance the gravimetric uptake of hydrogen. However, only a few papers have explored the ability of mixed-metal [...] Read more.
In metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), mixed-metal clusters have the opportunity to adsorb hydrogen molecules due to a greater charge density of the metal. Such interactions may subsequently enhance the gravimetric uptake of hydrogen. However, only a few papers have explored the ability of mixed-metal MOFs to increase hydrogen uptake. The present work reveals the preparation of mixed metal metal-organic frameworks M-MOF-5 (where M = Ni2+, Co2+, and Fe2+) (where MOF-5 designates MOFs such as Zn2+ and 1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid ligand) using the post-synthetic exchange (PSE) technique. Powder X-ray diffraction patterns and scanning electron microscopy images indicate the presence of crystalline phases after metal exchange, and the inductively coupled plasma–mass spectroscopy analysis confirmed the exchange of metals by means of the PSE technique. The nitrogen adsorption isotherms established the production of microporous M-MOF-5. Although the additional metal ions decreased the surface area, the exchanged materials displayed unique features in the gravimetric uptake of hydrogen. The parent MOF-5 and the metal exchanged materials (Ni-MOF-5, Co-MOF-5, and Fe-MOF-5) demonstrated hydrogen capacities of 1.46, 1.53, 1.53, and 0.99 wt.%, respectively. The metal-exchanged Ni-MOF-5 and Co-MOF-5 revealed slightly higher H2 uptake in comparison with MOF-5; however, the Fe-MOF-5 showed a decrease in uptake due to partial discrete complex formation (discrete complexes with one or more metal ions) with less crystalline nature. The Sips model was found to be excellent in describing the H2 adsorption isotherms with a correlation coefficient ≅ 1. The unique hydrogen uptakes of Ni− and Co-MOF-5 shown in this study pave the way for further improvement in hydrogen uptake. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of MOFs and COFs in Drug Delivery, Separation and Water Purification Purposes)
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Review

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34 pages, 49956 KiB  
Review
Metal-Organic Frameworks Characterization via Inverse Pulse Gas Chromatography
by Kareem Yusuf, Osama Shekhah, Zeid ALOthman and Mohamed Eddaoudi
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(21), 10243; https://doi.org/10.3390/app112110243 - 1 Nov 2021
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 3037
Abstract
The desire to customize the properties of a material through complete control over both its chemical and architectural structure has created a constant and persistent need for efficient and convenient characterization techniques. Inverse gas chromatography (IGC) is considered a useful characterization method for [...] Read more.
The desire to customize the properties of a material through complete control over both its chemical and architectural structure has created a constant and persistent need for efficient and convenient characterization techniques. Inverse gas chromatography (IGC) is considered a useful characterization method for probing the material’s surface properties, like its enthalpies of adsorption, which are the key stimulus components for their adsorption performance. Here, we conclusively review the significance of a less common application of the IGC technique for the physicochemical characterization of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), which are an innovative subclass of porous materials with matchless properties in terms of structure design and properties. This review focuses on the fundamental theory and instrumentation of IGC as well as its most significant applications in the field of MOF characterization to shed more light on this unique technique. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of MOFs and COFs in Drug Delivery, Separation and Water Purification Purposes)
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