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High-Performance of Eco-Efficient Concrete, Volume 3

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A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Civil Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 November 2022) | Viewed by 14285
1.Related Special Issue: High-Performance Eco-Efficient Concrete
2.Related Special Issue: Advances in High-Performance of Eco-Efficient Concrete

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Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Carlos Thomas

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Guest Editor

Laboratory of Materials Science and Engineering, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales y Puertos, University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain
Interests: eco-efficient concrete; recycled aggregate concrete; mechanical and durability properties; fatigue behavior; EAFS
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Prof. Dr. Jorge de Brito

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Department of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Georresources, Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
Interests: CIB—International Council for Research and Innovation in Building and Construction; durability of building elements, maintenance of buildings; rehabilitation of buildings; building life cycle assessment
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Prof. Dr. Valeria Corinaldesi

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Guest Editor

Department of Materials, Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning SIMAU, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche 12, 60131 Ancona, Italy
Interests: eco-efficient concrete; fiber-reinforced concrete; recycled aggregate concrete; sustainability in concrete; ultra-high-performance concrete
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The benefits of recycling in the construction sector have been widely demonstrated and are unquestionable. The advances in the use of recycled aggregates, steel slags and low-impact cements imply an important reduction of the environmental footprint, and eco-efficient concretes made with them must be a priority. However, these materials show in some cases losses of mechanical and durability behavior compared with natural materials. This is why we must invest our efforts on finding high-performance eco-efficient concretes that can compete or even surpass traditional concrete. To achieve this, the research and dissemination of their results is essential. The objective of this Special Issue is to group the most recent and relevant research in relation to high-performance eco-efficient concrete into a single document. Subsequently, the possibility of publishing a book with the contributions of all authors will be assessed.

This Special Issue is therefore dedicated to “High-Performance of Eco-Efficient Concrete, Volume 3”, and it intends to welcome contributions regarding, but not limited to, the following subjects:

High-performance eco-efficient concrete using recycled aggregates;
High-performance eco-efficient concrete using slags;
High-performance eco-efficient concrete using low-impact binders;
Mechanical behavior of high-performance eco-efficient concrete;
Durability of high-performance eco-efficient concrete;
Rheology of high-performance eco-efficient concrete;
Permeability of high-performance eco-efficient concrete;
Fatigue behavior of high-performance eco-efficient concrete;
Behavior of high-performance eco-efficient concrete in aggressive environments;
Structural design of high-performance eco-efficient concrete;
Life cycle assessment of high-performance eco-efficient concrete.

Prof. Dr. Carlos Thomas
Prof. Dr. Jorge de Brito
Prof. Dr. Valeria Corinaldesi
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

high-performance
eco-efficient concrete
recycled aggregates
slags
low-impact binders
technical performance
environmental performance
costs

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Research

20 pages, 7311 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Recycled Polyethylene Fibres for Structural Concrete

by Jose A. Sainz-Aja, Marcos Sanchez, Laura Gonzalez, Pablo Tamayo, Gilberto Garcia del Angel, Ali Aghajanian, Soraya Diego and Carlos Thomas

Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(6), 2867; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12062867 - 10 Mar 2022

Cited by 11 | Viewed by 3718

Abstract

Modern society demands more sustainable and economical construction elements. One of the available options for manufacturing this type of element is the valorisation of end-of-life waste, such as, for example, the recycling of polymers used in industry. The valorisation of these wastes reduces costs and avoids the pollution generated by their landfill disposal. With the aim of helping to obtain this type of material, this work describes a methodology for recycling polyethylene for the manufacture of fibres that will later be used as reinforcement for structural concrete. These fibres are manufactured using an injection moulding machine. Subsequently, their physical and mechanical properties are measured and compared with those of the material before it is crushed and injected. The aim of this comparison is to evaluate the recycling process and analyse the reduction of the physical-mechanical properties of the recycled polyethylene in the process. Finally, to determine the properties of the fibre concrete, three types of concrete were produced: a control concrete, a reinforced concrete with 2 kg/m³ of fibres, and a reinforced concrete with 4 kg/m³ of fibres. The results show an enhancement of mechanical properties when the fibres are incorporated, particularly the tensile strength; and they also show excellent performance controlling cracking in concrete. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue High-Performance of Eco-Efficient Concrete, Volume 3)

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19 pages, 6876 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Effect of Fibre Reinforcement on Creep in Early Age Concrete

by Laura González, Álvaro Gaute, Jokin Rico and Carlos Thomas

Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(1), 257; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12010257 - 28 Dec 2021

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2139

Abstract

This research analyses the strain behaviour of fibre-reinforced concrete (FRC) in the event of a creep episode. The analysis of creep experienced by FRC specimens during the test reflects better performance than that predicted by the EHE-08 standard. The authors propose a formulation for the evaluation of creep strain undergone by FRC. During the research, the evolution of the modulus of elasticity of FRC after a creep episode is analysed. After the test campaign, it can be concluded that FRC loaded at an earlier age stiffens after a creep episode. After the creep test is completed, the delayed elastic strain undergone by FRC is analysed and it is observed that FRC loaded at an earlier age undergoes less deformation. The authors propose a formulation for the evaluation of the delayed elastic strain undergone by FRC after a creep episode. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue High-Performance of Eco-Efficient Concrete, Volume 3)

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16 pages, 6190 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Theoretical Study on the Flexural Behavior of Structural Elements Strengthened with External Pre-Stressing Methods

by Gouda A. Mohamed, Ahmed S. Eisa, Pavol Purcz and Mohamed H. El-Feky

Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(1), 171; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12010171 - 24 Dec 2021

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2873

Abstract

This study aims to strengthen the flexural behavior of structural elements with external pre-stressing tendons, thereby improving their load-carrying capacity and increasing their resistance against the external load. Different techniques were used to apply external pre-stressed strengthening to RC beams and RC frames. Seven identical RC frames were analyzed: an original sample without an external tendon, two strengthened samples with external tendons at the positive bending zone, two strengthened samples with external tendons at the beam–column connection zone, a strengthened sample with external straight line tendons along the beam and, finally, a strengthened sample with external U-shape tendons along the beam of the frame. The analysis and the results were obtained using ANSYS WORKBENCH finite element (FE) program. Comparisons were performed between these techniques to determine which technique is better for strengthening. The failure mode, vertical deflection, column stress, load-carrying capacity, and ductility of the samples were listed and analyzed under four-point vertical loading. The results show that using external tendons significantly increases the load capacity and the stiffness of structural frames. Moreover, the tendon in the beam zone is more effective than the tendon in the column zone. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue High-Performance of Eco-Efficient Concrete, Volume 3)

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13 pages, 37648 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Durability and Abrasion Resistance of Innovative Recycled Pervious Concrete with Recycled Coarse Aggregate of Different Quality under Sulfate Attack

by Minqi Hua, Bo Chen, Yun Liu, Hui Liu, Pinghua Zhu, Chunhong Chen and Xinjie Wang

Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(20), 9647; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11209647 - 15 Oct 2021

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1717

Abstract

Construction and demolition wastes (C&DWs) have raised a large number of ecological and environmental problems. Recycling C&DWs into arecycled concrete aggregate (RCA) will help save natural resources effectively and reduce the negative impact of C&DW on the environment. Innovative pervious concrete (IPC) can mitigate extreme weather disasters, such as rainstorms, and overcome the low strength and poor durability of traditional pervious concrete. In this study, innovative recycled pervious concrete (IRPC) is prepared by combining RCA with IPC, which has broad application prospects and ecological friendliness. This study investigates the effect of RCA quality grades and replacement rates on the mechanical property, permeability, sulfate resistance and abrasion resistance of IRPC. IRPC mixtures were prepared with three different quality grades (high, medium and low qualities) of aggregates named as NA, RCA₁ and RCA₂. Moreover, the replacement rate of RCA for NA varied as 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%. The IRPC specimens were tested for compressive strength, mass loss and abrasion resistance after different sulfate wetting-drying cycles of 0, 30 and 60. The results exhibited that the initial compressive strength of all types of IRPC was more than 40 MPa. The compressive strength and mass of most IRPC increased first and then decreased slightly with the passage of a number of sulfate wetting-drying cycles, indicating IRPC has good resistance to sulfate attack. Sulfate attack and the addition of RCA will reduce the abrasion resistance of IRPC. However, when the replacement rate is lower than 50%, and the RCA quality is better (attached mortar content < 25%), the abrasion resistance of IRPC will be improved under sulfate attack. The experimental results might be useful as a reference and design methodology for employing IRPC in pavement applications in the future. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue High-Performance of Eco-Efficient Concrete, Volume 3)

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19 pages, 9588 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Physical-Mechanical Properties of Cupola Slag Cement Paste

by Carlos Thomas, José Sainz-Aja, Israel Sosa, Jesús Setién, Juan A. Polanco and Ana Cimentada

Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(15), 7029; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11157029 - 30 Jul 2021

Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2421

Abstract

The high consumption of natural resources in the industrial sector makes it necessary to implement measures that enable the reuse of the waste generated, seeking to achieve circular economy. This work assesses the viability of an alternative to the use of CEM III B 32.5 R cement in mortars for the internal coating of centrifugally spun cast iron pipes for water piping. The proposal is to reuse the slag generated in the casting process after being finely ground, as an addition mixed with CEM I 52.5 R cement, which is basically Portland clinker. In order to analyse this possibility, an extensive experimental campaign was carried out, including the analysis of the cupola slag (micro-structural and chemical composition, leachates, setting time, vitrification, puzzolanicity and resistance to sulphate) and regarding the mortars (workability and mechanical properties). The experimental programme has shown that the optimum substitution is achieved with a replacement percentage of 20% of the cement, with which similar workability, superior mechanical properties and guaranteed resistance to sulphate attack are obtained. In addition, both economic and environmental savings are achieved by not having to transport or landfill the waste. In addition, the new cement is cheaper than the cement currently used. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue High-Performance of Eco-Efficient Concrete, Volume 3)

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