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Innovation in Microwave Technology—A Themed Issue in Memory of Prof....
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Innovation in Microwave Technology—A Themed Issue in Memory of Prof. Dr. J. R. Jocelyn Paré, MSM, (1959–2022)

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (22 April 2023) | Viewed by 5319

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Jacqueline M. R. Bélanger

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Atlantic Cancer Research Institute, 35 Providence Street, Moncton, NB E1C 8X3, Canada
Interests: microwave; tumour ablation; new tools for cancer detection and treatment
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Jean-François Rochas

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
WAVES CONCEPT, 6 Allée Claude Dumont, 69300 Caluire et Cuire, France
Interests: electromagnetic waves in industrial applications; measurements of the dielectric parameters of materials; electromagnetic modeling (Ansys HFSS); RF and MW test means to determine the extrapolation parameters of a process on an industrial scale; design; production and development of RF and MW applicators (laboratory, industry, medical)
Dr. Gabriel Cormier

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Moncton, Moncton, NB E1A 3E9, Canada
Interests: electrical engineering; microwave ablation; modelling; circuit design; metaheuristic algorithms; optimization; microwave integrated circuits
Dr. Rodney J. Ouellette

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Atlantic Cancer Research Institute, 35 Providence Street, Moncton, NB EIC 8X3, Canada
Interests: liquid biopsy; extracellular vesicles; cancer; diagnostics; monitoring treatment response; artificial intelligence algorithms for multi-omic analysis in liquid biopsy

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

Prof. Dr. J. R. Jocelyn Paré, MSM (26 November 1959–31 January 2022) was a prominent research scientist and world-renowned leader in the field of innovative microwave technologies. From 2015 until his passing, he was a Senior Research Scientist with the Atlantic Cancer Research Institute, where he held the “New Brunswick Innovation Research Chair in Medical Technologies”. Born in Mont-Laurier, QC, Canada he obtained a B.Sc. from McGill University (1980) and a Ph.D. from Carleton University (1984). He then pursued his scientific career within the federal government where he cumulated various positions.

He was a true innovator and always at the frontier of new ideas and applications. His interest and knowledge in the use of electromagnetic radiation led him to be the main inventor of the Microwave-Assisted Processes family of technologies (MAPTM), as well as the Microwave Assisted-Chemical Ablation (MA-CA). He holds numerous patents in both aforementioned technologies. His skill and creativity led to scientific achievements that garnered international acceptance and ushered technological innovation that have expanded the frontiers of numerous industrial sectors. The MAPTM technology led to several patents and licensing worldwide and brought him national and international recognition, including the Outstanding Achievement Award of Canada, a Meritorious Service Medal of Canada, and the Pure and Applied Science Gold Medal of the Professional Institute of the Public Service of Canada. He delivered more than 460 scientific conferences worldwide, published over 170 peer-reviewed publications, and granted 14 patents.

To commemorate the outstanding contributions to the field of microwave technology made by Prof. Paré who was affectionately nicknamed “the Father of Microwaves” by his peers, this Special Issue of Applied Sciences is soliciting original research, review or opinion articles from a variety of research fields under the theme “Innovations in Microwave Technologies”. Manuscripts in the following topics are particularly encouraged: microwave-assisted technologies, especially in the biological and medical fields.

Dr. Jacqueline M. R. Bélanger
Dr. Jean-François Rochas
Dr. Gabriel Cormier
Dr. Rodney J. Ouellette
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • microwave-assisted technologies: chemistry (e.g., synthesis, extraction)
  • biological systems processing
  • energy-efficient processes microwave-assisted medical technologies: new tools in cancer treatment, antennas, design/modeling, numerical models
  • microwave ablation
  • microwave-assisted chemical ablation
  • guidance technologies in interventional radiology
  • microwave-assisted tumor ablation
  • the use of microwaves in interventional radiology

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 2123 KiB  
Article
Continuous-Flow Microwave Heating Inactivation Kinetics of α-Amylase from Bacillus subtilis and a Comparison with Conventional Heating Conditions
by Zhen Tong and Hosahalli S. Ramaswamy
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(16), 9220; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13169220 - 14 Aug 2023
Viewed by 843
Abstract
The inactivation kinetics of an α-amylase enzymatic time-temperature integrator (TTI) from Bacillus subtilis (BAA) under continuous-flow microwave (MW) and conventional heating conditions were evaluated and compared in this study. The TTI dispersed in a buffer solution (pH 5.0 to 6.9) at 20 °C [...] Read more.
The inactivation kinetics of an α-amylase enzymatic time-temperature integrator (TTI) from Bacillus subtilis (BAA) under continuous-flow microwave (MW) and conventional heating conditions were evaluated and compared in this study. The TTI dispersed in a buffer solution (pH 5.0 to 6.9) at 20 °C initially, and it was continuously circulated through two helical coils connected in a series for heating. The two coils were positioned in two domestic microwave ovens (2450 MHz and 1000 W nominal capacity each) and connected by a short tube. The sample flow rates were adjusted to result in a specific exit temperature in the range of 65 to 80 °C. A short fully insulated helical coil at the exit of the second oven was used as a holding tube. Test samples were drawn either at the exit of the second MW oven or immediately after the holding tube. The decimal reduction times obtained under conventional batch heating conditions decreased from 66 to 24 s as the temperature changed from 70 to 75 °C at pH 5.0 while they decreased from 8 to 5 s under MW in the same temperature range, but at pH 6.0, they increased both under conventional and microwave heating conditions (138 to 120 s and 89 to 61 s, respectively). The D-values under conventional thermal holding were four–eight times higher than under a continuous-flow MW heating condition. By varying the pH, the D-values could be modified to suit the validation of appropriate processing conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovation in Microwave Technology—A Themed Issue in Memory of Prof. Dr. J. R. Jocelyn Paré, MSM, (1959–2022))
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14 pages, 3215 KiB  
Article
Quality of Soybean Seeds after Microwave Drying
by Rute Quelvia de Faria, Amanda R. P. dos Santos, Lainara C. P. dos Santos Vasco, Yvan Gariepy, Maria M. P. Sartori and Vijaya Raghavan
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(14), 8116; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13148116 - 12 Jul 2023
Viewed by 1145
Abstract
The use of electromagnetic energy for drying seeds has been shown to be a promising alternative. However, studies show that the technique still lacks careful evaluation due to the sensitivity of soybean seeds to damage caused using microwaves. Studies have shown that the [...] Read more.
The use of electromagnetic energy for drying seeds has been shown to be a promising alternative. However, studies show that the technique still lacks careful evaluation due to the sensitivity of soybean seeds to damage caused using microwaves. Studies have shown that the use of microwaves during drying can be safe in seeds of soybeans, corn, and beans, among others. These studies recognize that drying using microwaves has a great potential for savings in the drying process, as it considerably reduces the drying time. This work aimed to evaluate the immediate damage caused in soybean seeds subjected to drying at temperatures of 40, 50, and 60 °C, with power of 0, 0.5, and 1 W/g at a frequency of 2.45 GHz. The results of the vigor and germination tests showed that the action of microwaves on seeds was not only safe and more efficient but also brought about increases in seed germination and vigor. However, the process must be judicious and obey precise indices of power and temperature to not cause damage to the seeds. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovation in Microwave Technology—A Themed Issue in Memory of Prof. Dr. J. R. Jocelyn Paré, MSM, (1959–2022))
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14 pages, 8526 KiB  
Article
Amino-Acid-Derived Oxazolidin-5-Ones as Chemical Markers for Schiff Base Formation in Glycation Reactions
by Eun Sil Kim and Varoujan Yaylayan
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(13), 7658; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13137658 - 28 Jun 2023
Viewed by 1092
Abstract
Imine or Schiff base formation is considered as a key event in the catalytic mechanisms of many enzymes and in certain biological transformations, including glycation. In this process, less stable amino-acid-derived Schiff bases rearrange into more stable ketoamines or Amadori products. Schiff bases [...] Read more.
Imine or Schiff base formation is considered as a key event in the catalytic mechanisms of many enzymes and in certain biological transformations, including glycation. In this process, less stable amino-acid-derived Schiff bases rearrange into more stable ketoamines or Amadori products. Schiff bases are also stipulated to be stabilized through complexation with metal ions, or through intramolecular cyclization to form more stable and reversible cyclic isomers, such as oxazolidin-5-ones. These intermediates can be easily detected relative to Schiff bases due to their higher stability. In this study, high-resolution mass spectrometry and isotope labeling techniques were used to identify labile imines as their oxazolidin-5-one derivatives in heated reaction systems of glucose/alanine/FeCl2, including their 13C-labeled counterparts. The reaction mixtures were heated for 2h at 110 °C and were analyzed by high resolution qTOF/MS for the presence of masses corresponding to Schiff bases of α-alanine with short chain aldehydes that can be generated from glucose degradation and also for the incorporation of 13C-labeled atoms from 13C-3 alanine and 13C-U glucose. Analysis of the data has indicated that Schiff bases can indeed be detected in the form of oxazolidin-3-ones, when methanol is used as the solvent. Furthermore, it was discovered that metal-ion-stabilized Schiff bases, in addition to forming oxazolidin-3-ones, can also undergo aldol addition with short chain sugars and initiate oligomerization reactions, leading to the formation of dimeric or trimeric oxazolidin-3-one oligomers, as demonstrated by their characteristic MS/MS fragmentations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovation in Microwave Technology—A Themed Issue in Memory of Prof. Dr. J. R. Jocelyn Paré, MSM, (1959–2022))
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12 pages, 2812 KiB  
Article
Microwave-Assisted Chemical Ablation (MA-CA): A Novel Microwave-Assisted Tissue Ablation Procedure—Preliminary Assessment of Efficiency
by J. R. Jocelyn Paré, Jacqueline M. R. Bélanger, Gabriel Cormier, Delphine Foucher, Antony Thériault, Jean-Christophe Savoie and Jean-François Rochas
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(12), 7177; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13127177 - 15 Jun 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1293
Abstract
Microwave (MW) ablation is becoming a routine technology in the interventional radiology field. A new approach combining MW ablation and chemical ablation is developed in this paper. The rationale for the development of this Microwave-Assisted Chemical Ablation (MA-CA) technology was to improve the [...] Read more.
Microwave (MW) ablation is becoming a routine technology in the interventional radiology field. A new approach combining MW ablation and chemical ablation is developed in this paper. The rationale for the development of this Microwave-Assisted Chemical Ablation (MA-CA) technology was to improve the utility of thermal ablation as a minimally invasive treatment for cancer. The experimental conditions for ex vivo bovine liver samples were: A—100 W (120 s) with no addition of ethanol; B—100 W (30 s), wait (60 s) (no power), and 100 W (90 s) with no addition of ethanol; C—100 W (30 s), wait (60 s), 100 W (30 s), and 100 W (60 s) with the addition of 5 mL ethanol; and D—100 W (30 s), wait (60 s), 100 W (30 s), 0 W (30 s) with the addition of 2.5 mL ethanol, and 100 W (60 s) with the addition of 5 mL ethanol (12,000 Joules Total). The results showed that with the use of ethanol, the ablation zone was enlarged and revealed improved sphericity. This novel combination has greater advantages than either technology individually. The objective is to increase the precision and efficiency of MW ablation and to broaden the range of tissues and pathologies that can be treated using this new approach, and to validate the benefits that arise from combining the advantages of MW and chemical ablation in a relevant setting. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovation in Microwave Technology—A Themed Issue in Memory of Prof. Dr. J. R. Jocelyn Paré, MSM, (1959–2022))
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