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Impact of Land-Use and Climate Change on Vegetation
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Impact of Land-Use and Climate Change on Vegetation

A special issue of Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433). This special issue belongs to the section "Biosphere/Hydrosphere/Land–Atmosphere Interactions".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 May 2023) | Viewed by 10928

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Shuyao Wu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Center for Yellow River Ecosystem Products, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
Interests: ecosystem services; ecosystem resilience; biological conservation; sustainable development
Dr. Wentao Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Center for Yellow River Ecosystem Products, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
Interests: forest ecology; ecological carbon sink; dendroecology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Vegetation serves as a habitat for various wildlife species, provides crucial ecosystem services to human society, and plays a critical role in regulating the global climate. Both climate change and land-use change have been identified as two of the most powerfully influential factors affecting biological systems worldwide, and have increasingly become the primary foci in ecology research. To advance our understanding of how climate and land-use changes affect vegetation, and how vegetation responds to these changes, this Special Issue aims to publish recent progress in these research topics. With this knowledge, we will be able to not only further understand the complex relationships and effects of climate and land-use changes on vegetation, but also create better adaptative management plans and policies to promote positive effects while minimizing negative ones.

All types of research methods, such as field observations, experimental studies, and remote sensing technologies, are welcomed. The proposed studies could cover, but are not limited to, change impacts on vegetation states at various spatial scales, interaction effects on impact intensity, ecosystem resilience and resistance under different change impacts, biotic and abiotic mechanisms in vegetation–climate interaction, cascading effects of climate and land-use changes toward human society through vegetation, key indicators or decision-support criteria for better vegetation impact assessment, as well as sustainable management to promote the capability of vegetation to adapt to changes.

Dr. Shuyao Wu
Dr. Wentao Zhang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Atmosphere is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Editorial

Jump to: Research

2 pages, 160 KiB  
Editorial
Impacts of Climate and Anthropogenic Disturbances on Vegetation Structure and Functions
by Wentao Zhang and Shuyao Wu
Atmosphere 2023, 14(6), 923; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14060923 - 25 May 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 906
Abstract
Vegetation serves as a habitat for various wildlife species, provides crucial ecosystem services to society, and plays a critical role in regulating the global climate [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Impact of Land-Use and Climate Change on Vegetation)

Research

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19 pages, 7740 KiB  
Article
Spatio-Temporal Changes and Contribution of Human and Meteorological Factors to Grassland Net Primary Productivity in the Three-Rivers Headwater Region from 2000 to 2019
by Yang Song, Tian Liang, Linbo Zhang, Chaozhi Hao and Hao Wang
Atmosphere 2023, 14(2), 278; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14020278 - 30 Jan 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1220
Abstract
Since the beginning of the 21st century, the net primary productivity (NPP) of grassland in the Three-Rivers Headwaters (TRH) region has changed significantly. In this study, NPP was assessed by the Carnegie-Ames-Stanford approach (CASA) model in TRH from 2000 to 2019. The abrupt [...] Read more.
Since the beginning of the 21st century, the net primary productivity (NPP) of grassland in the Three-Rivers Headwaters (TRH) region has changed significantly. In this study, NPP was assessed by the Carnegie-Ames-Stanford approach (CASA) model in TRH from 2000 to 2019. The abrupt changes of NPP and meteorological factors were analyzed by cumulative departure, MK test, and Pettitt test. The contributions of meteorological and human factors to changes in grassland NPP were quantitatively assessed using the scenario simulation method. The obtained results showed that: (1) From 2000 to 2019, the NPP of grasslands increased from 135.72 to 141.16 gC/m−2a−1. However, the overall growth trend was not significant, and the proportion of significant growth was only 31.45%; (2) An abrupt increase in meteorological factors occurred around 2005, while an abrupt increase in NPP occurred around 2008, which showed that 2008 was the year when human factors, such as ecological projects and policies, began to show a significant impact on the growth of NPP; and (3) The contribution of human factors to the abrupt increase in NPP was significantly greater than the contribution of meteorological factors. The contribution of human factors exceeded 70% in 93.68% of the studied area, reaching 98% in general, while the contribution of meteorological factors was less than 2%. Among them, the human contributions to the Yangtze River Source, the Yellow River Source, and the Lancang River Source all exceeded 95%. The negative effects of meteorological factors on the growth of NPP in the abovementioned three regions were as high as 47.35%, 48.66%, and 36.91%, respectively. Human factors have contributed greatly to the increase in NPP in most of the source areas of the Yellow River, the eastern part of Tanggulashan County, the southeastern part of Zhiduo County, and the western part of Zaduo County at the source of the Yangtze River. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Impact of Land-Use and Climate Change on Vegetation)
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17 pages, 6682 KiB  
Article
Seasonal Variations of Ecosystem Water Use Efficiency and Their Responses to Climate Factors in Inner Mongolia of China
by Wenjun Wang, Yingjie Wu, Sinan Wang, Hang Yin, Wei Li and Shuixia Zhao
Atmosphere 2022, 13(12), 2085; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13122085 - 11 Dec 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1334
Abstract
Ecosystem water use efficiency (eWUE) is a useful metric to examine the interactions between water and carbon cycles in ecosystems. To reveal the response and adaptation characteristics of different vegetation types within the context of global warming on a regional scale, the spatiotemporal [...] Read more.
Ecosystem water use efficiency (eWUE) is a useful metric to examine the interactions between water and carbon cycles in ecosystems. To reveal the response and adaptation characteristics of different vegetation types within the context of global warming on a regional scale, the spatiotemporal characteristics and influencing factors of the seasonal eWUE of various vegetation types in Inner Mongolia from 2001 to 2020 were explored. Based on MODIS gross primary productivity (GPP), evapotranspiration (ET) data and meteorological data, in this study, we estimated eWUE in different seasons in Inner Mongolia and used trend analysis and correlation analysis methods to analyze the relationship between eWUE in spring, summer and autumn and the temperature–precipitation. From 2001 to 2020, in this region, the GPP and ET in spring, summer and autumn showed increasing trends. In addition, the growth rates of GPP and ET in spring and summer were higher than those in autumn. Under the combined effect of GPP and ET, eWUE in different seasons showed a significant decreasing trend (p < 0.05)—this is ascribed to the extent of ET increasing more than GPP, especially in summer, with the most obvious decreasing rate. In terms of spatial trend, in spring and summer, there is a decreasing trend from northeast to southwest. The effects of precipitation and temperature on the eWUE in Inner Mongolia were mainly negatively correlated in the northeastern part of Inner Mongolia with higher altitudes during the spring and autumn seasons. In total, 95.096% of the total area had positive correlations between eWUE and temperature in spring. In summer, the region in which the WUE of the vegetation had an inverse relationship with both the temperature and the amount of precipitation was the largest compared to these regions in spring and autumn. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Impact of Land-Use and Climate Change on Vegetation)
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10 pages, 1144 KiB  
Article
Response of Fluorescence and Chlorophyll Physiological Characteristics of Typical Urban Trees to Ozone Stress
by Yaoyao Gao, Yuanqiu Liu, Bo Chen, Yuzhu Tao, Cheng Cui, Ye Wen, Wenping Deng, Qi Chen and Xi Yuan
Atmosphere 2022, 13(11), 1885; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13111885 - 11 Nov 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1647
Abstract
In this study, four typical urban landscaping tree species were selected, three open top air chambers with different ozone concentrations were set, and the responses of chlorophyll fluorescence, chlorophyll content and relative conductivity of the trees to ozone stress were studied. The results [...] Read more.
In this study, four typical urban landscaping tree species were selected, three open top air chambers with different ozone concentrations were set, and the responses of chlorophyll fluorescence, chlorophyll content and relative conductivity of the trees to ozone stress were studied. The results showed that with the increase in ozone concentration, the maximum photochemical efficiency, electron transfer quantum yield, electron transfer rate (ETR) and chlorophyll content of the different tree species decreased significantly, while the relative conductivity of the different tree species increased significantly. Compared with the ozone concentration of NF, under an ozone concentration of nf40 and nf80, the decline in the rate of Fv/Fm of Koelreuteria paniculata and Ginkgo biloba was 2.47 and 2.28 times that of Pinus bungeana and Platycladus orientalis, respectively, and the increase in the rate of relative conductivity of K. paniculata and G. biloba was 2.11 and 1.28 times that of P. bungeana and P. orientalis, respectively. Under different ozone concentrations, the photochemical efficiency, electron transfer rate, chlorophyll content and relative conductivity of P. bungeana and P. orientalis were higher than those of Ginkgo biloba and K. paniculata, indicating that K. paniculata and G. biloba were more sensitive to ozone. This study is of great significance for improving urban environmental quality and ozone control and also provides a basis for selecting tree species with strong ozone tolerance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Impact of Land-Use and Climate Change on Vegetation)
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18 pages, 7620 KiB  
Article
Temporal and Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Drought and Its Influence on Vegetation Change in Xilin Gol, China
by Zexun Chen, Wenjun Wang, Yingjie Wu, Hang Yin, Wei Li and Shuixia Zhao
Atmosphere 2022, 13(11), 1743; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13111743 - 22 Oct 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 1652
Abstract
Drought hinders economic and social growth in many areas of China, especially in livestock-dominated Xilin Gol League in Inner Mongolia. Most studies exclusively utilize rainfall to measure drought. To clarify the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics and evolution rules of meteorological drought, monthly [...] Read more.
Drought hinders economic and social growth in many areas of China, especially in livestock-dominated Xilin Gol League in Inner Mongolia. Most studies exclusively utilize rainfall to measure drought. To clarify the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics and evolution rules of meteorological drought, monthly observation data from nine meteorological stations in Xilin Gol were used to calculate the (effective drought index, EDI). We studied the spatiotemporal pattern of drought and its influence on vegetation in Xilin Gol using the Mann–Kendall test, (empirical orthogonal function, EOF) decomposition, and quantitative representation. (1) The annual average EDI declined by 0.029/10a, and Xilin Gol experienced an average of 0.5 drought occurrences every year. (2) A normal incidence in Xilin Gol is 67.17–72.65%, and that of severe drought is 0.02–0.99%. (3) Xilin Gol’s drought intensity is mostly concentrated in the central, northeast, and southwest regions, especially southwest and central. (4) The first two principal feature vectors in Xilin Gol contributed 52.75% and 14.38% to the variance. (5) The average (normalized differential vegetation index, NDVI )of desert, typical, and meadow steppe increased, especially in typical steppe (0.034/10a). (6) In Xilin Gol, the NDVI–EDI correlation coefficient ranges from −0.642 to 0.888, with an average of 0.392. Only 1.7% of the areas are adversely linked. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Impact of Land-Use and Climate Change on Vegetation)
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12 pages, 3831 KiB  
Article
PM10 and PM2.5 Dust-Retention Capacity and Leaf Morphological Characteristics of Landscape Tree Species in the Northwest of Hebei Province
by Zewei Gao, Yahang Qin, Xinbing Yang and Bo Chen
Atmosphere 2022, 13(10), 1657; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13101657 - 11 Oct 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1812
Abstract
This study aimed to explain the reasons for the differences in the PM2.5 and PM10 dust-retention capacity of different tree species. Ten typical landscape tree species with a strong ability to adsorb particulate matter and improve the quality of the atmospheric [...] Read more.
This study aimed to explain the reasons for the differences in the PM2.5 and PM10 dust-retention capacity of different tree species. Ten typical landscape tree species with a strong ability to adsorb particulate matter and improve the quality of the atmospheric environment were selected in Zhangjiakou, and the leaves of each tree species were collected from April to October. The PM2.5 and PM10 dust-retention capacity of different tree species were measured using an aerosol regenerator. The differences in the leaf structure of different tree species were analyzed using an electron microscope. The results showed that the PM10 and PM2.5 per unit leaf area of 10 tree species ranged from 1.31 ± 0.68 to 2.64 ± 1.29 μg·cm−2 and from 0.28 ± 0.13 to 0.99 ± 0.34 μg·cm−2, and the PM10 and PM2.5 dust-retention capacity per unit leaf area of coniferous trees was higher than that of broad-leaved trees. Further, the PM10 dust-retention capacity per unit leaf area of each tree species in different months was the highest in October (3.17 ± 1.12 μg·cm−2) and the lowest in August (0.79 ± 0.56 μg·cm−2). The PM2.5 dust-retention capacity per unit leaf area was the highest in October (0.99 ± 0.34 μg·cm−2) and the lowest in April (0.28 ± 0.13 μg·cm−2). The annual PM10 and PM2.5 dust-retention capacity per hectare of Pinus tabulaeformis was the highest and that of Ginkgo biloba was the lowest. The conifer trees have rough leaves, and broad-leaved trees have smooth leaves. The leaves of P. tabulaeformis and Picea asperata have a widespread stomata distribution, and the leaf surface is not smooth, with a large number of grooves and bulges. The number of stomata on the leaf surface of Salix babylonica and G. biloba is less than that of P. tabulaeformis and P. asperata. When the dust-retention capacity of PM2.5 per unit leaf area is high, the corresponding roughness is also significant, and a good logarithmic relationship exists between roughness and PM2.5 per unit leaf area (R2 = 0.9504). The results of this study might have an important reference value in terms of the selection of tree species with strong PM10 and PM2.5 dust-retention capacity and the improvement in ambient air quality in the northwest of Hebei Province. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Impact of Land-Use and Climate Change on Vegetation)
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13 pages, 2697 KiB  
Article
Study on Transpiration Water Consumption and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Landscape Tree Species under Ozone Stress
by Bo Chen, Qingfeng Song and Qinghua Pan
Atmosphere 2022, 13(7), 1139; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13071139 - 18 Jul 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1689
Abstract
Using Pinus bungeana, Platycladus orientalis, Koelreuteria paniculata and Ginkgo biloba as research objects, three open-top chambers with different ozone-concentration gradients were set up (NF, NF40 and NF80) based on trunk sap-flow technology to study the difference in ozone absorption by trees [...] Read more.
Using Pinus bungeana, Platycladus orientalis, Koelreuteria paniculata and Ginkgo biloba as research objects, three open-top chambers with different ozone-concentration gradients were set up (NF, NF40 and NF80) based on trunk sap-flow technology to study the difference in ozone absorption by trees under different ozone concentrations. The results showed that the monthly and diurnal variations of sap-flow density of different tree species decreased with the increase in ozone concentration, and the increase in ozone concentration reduced the water consumption, ozone uptake rate (FO3), net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and water-use efficiency (WUE) of different tree species. The sap-flow density, water consumption, FO3 and WUE of Koelreuteria paniculata and Ginkgo biloba were higher than those of Pinus bungeana and Platycladus orientalis under different ozone concentrations. The sap-flow density, water consumption, FO3 and WUE of Koelreuteria paniculata and Ginkgo biloba decreased significantly at the ozone concentrations of NF40 and NF80; compared with the ozone concentration of NF, the sap flow density of Koelreuteria paniculata and Ginkgo biloba decreased by 1.04 and 1.03 times as much as that of Pinus bungeana and Platycladus orientalis, respectively; the water consumption of Koelreuteria paniculata and Ginkgo biloba decreased by 1.82 and 1.56 times that of Pinus bungeana and Platycladus orientalis, respectively; the decline rate of FO3 in Koelreuteria paniculata and Ginkgo biloba was 1.30 and 1.04 times that of Pinus bungeana and Platycladus orientalis, respectively; and the decline rate of WUE of Koelreuteria paniculata and Ginkgo biloba was 1.52 and 1.64 times that of Pinus bungeana and Platycladus orientalis, respectively. Pinus bungeana and Platycladus orientalis have stronger tolerance to ozone, while Koelreuteria paniculata and Ginkgo biloba were weak. A variety of conifers can be planted in areas with serious ozone pollution. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Impact of Land-Use and Climate Change on Vegetation)
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