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Cancers
Special Issues
Clinical Application of Head and Neck Cancer Research
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Clinical Application of Head and Neck Cancer Research

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Research of Cancer".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2023) | Viewed by 8144

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Jonathan Clark

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
2. Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Chris O’Brien Lifehouse, Sydney, Australia
3. Royal Prince Alfred Institute of Academic Surgery, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, Australia
Interests: oral squamous cell carcinoma; head and neck reconstruction; maxillomandibular reconstruction; advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma; bone tissue engineering; salivary gland cancer

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

Head and neck cancer includes more than ten different cancer sites (oral cavity, oropharynx, nasopharynx, larynx, hypopharynx, cervical esophagus, paranasal sinus, cutaneous, thyroid, salivary gland, unknown primary, and others) with multiple subsites and pathologies at each site. Each site, subsite, and pathological type has unique biological characteristics, pathogenesis, clinical features, and treatment options. The incidence of different cancer types varies in different countries according to the prevalence of various risk factors, such as tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption, viral exposure (human papilloma virus and Epstein Barr virus), chewing betel nut, ionizing radiation, and ultraviolet light exposure. Despite a reduction in known risk factors in many developed countries, such as smoking tobacco, the rate of some cancers continues to rise. This includes skin cancers in aging populations from lifetime solar exposure, human papilloma virus induced oropharyngeal cancer, and thyroid cancer and oral cancer in younger patients with no clear etiological factors. The rising incidence in younger demographics has changed treatment paradigms, as patients are not only focused on increased survival, but also survivorship, with the goals of improving long-term function and quality of life. Technological advances in surgical robotics, virtual surgical planning, radiotherapy techniques, molecular screening, targeted therapies, and immune check point inhibitors are all impacting the way that cancers of the head and neck region are managed, leading to improved survival and functional outcomes. This Special Issue on the clinical application of head and neck cancer research is focused on (1) clinical head and neck cancer research—trials, survival outcomes, cancer staging, innovations and advances, functional outcomes, patient reported outcomes, patient education and survivorship; and (2) fundamental research with real world application that impacts how patients with head and neck cancer are managed.

Prof. Dr. Jonathan Clark
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Cancers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • head and neck cancer
  • clinical research
  • translational research
  • oral squamous cell carcinoma
  • cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
  • salivary gland cancer
  • cancer staging
  • head and neck reconstruction
  • oropharyngeal cancer
  • human papilloma virus
  • functional outcomes
  • patient reported outcomes

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 2733 KiB  
Article
Viral Integration Plays a Minor Role in the Development and Prognostication of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
by Laveniya Satgunaseelan, Dario Strbenac, Sahithi Tadi, Kevin Nguyen, James Wykes, Carsten E. Palme, Tsu-Hui (Hubert) Low, Jean Y. H. Yang, Jonathan R. Clark and Ruta Gupta
Cancers 2022, 14(21), 5213; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14215213 - 24 Oct 2022
Viewed by 1812
Abstract
Viruses are well known drivers of several human malignancies. A causative factor for oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in patients with limited exposure to traditional risk factors, including tobacco use, is yet to be identified. Our study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the [...] Read more.
Viruses are well known drivers of several human malignancies. A causative factor for oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in patients with limited exposure to traditional risk factors, including tobacco use, is yet to be identified. Our study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the role of viral drivers in OSCC patients with low cumulative exposure to traditional risk factors. Patients under 50 years of age with OSCC, defined using strict anatomic criteria were selected for WGS. The WGS data was interrogated using viral detection tools (Kraken 2 and BLASTN), together examining >700,000 viruses. The findings were further verified using tissue microarrays of OSCC samples using both immunohistochemistry and RNA in situ hybridisation (ISH). 28 patients underwent WGS and comprehensive viral profiling. One 49-year-old male patient with OSCC of the hard palate demonstrated HPV35 integration. 657 cases of OSCC were then evaluated for the presence of HPV integration through immunohistochemistry for p16 and HPV RNA ISH. HPV integration was seen in 8 (1.2%) patients, all middle-aged men with predominant floor of mouth involvement. In summary, a wide-ranging interrogation of >700,000 viruses using OSCC WGS data showed HPV integration in a minority of male OSCC patients and did not carry any prognostic significance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Application of Head and Neck Cancer Research)
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13 pages, 283 KiB  
Article
Effect of Radiotherapy on Functional and Health-Related Quality of Life Outcomes after Jaw Reconstruction
by Rebecca L. Venchiarutti, Masako Dunn, Emma Charters, Kai Cheng, Catriona Froggatt, Payal Mukherjee, Christine Wallace, Dale Howes, David Leinkram, Jasvir Singh, Kevin Nguyen, Tsu-Hui (Hubert) Low, Sydney Ch’ng, James Wykes, Raymond Wu and Jonathan R. Clark
Cancers 2022, 14(19), 4557; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14194557 - 20 Sep 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1755
Abstract
Long-term health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and functional outcomes following mandibular and maxillary reconstruction are lacking. To determine these outcomes, a cross-sectional study of patients with a history of cancer who underwent jaw reconstruction was undertaken. Participants were identified from a database of [...] Read more.
Long-term health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and functional outcomes following mandibular and maxillary reconstruction are lacking. To determine these outcomes, a cross-sectional study of patients with a history of cancer who underwent jaw reconstruction was undertaken. Participants were identified from a database of jaw reconstruction procedures at the Chris O’Brien Lifehouse (Sydney, Australia). Eligible patients had at least one month follow-up, were aged ≥18 years at surgery, and had history of malignancy. HRQOL was measured using the FACE-Q Head and Neck Cancer Module (FACE-Q H&N). Functional outcomes were measured using the FACE-Q H&N, MD Anderson Dysphagia Inventory (MDADI) and Speech Handicap Index (SHI). Ninety-seven questionnaires were completed (62% response rate). Mean age of respondents was 63.7 years, 61% were male, and 64% underwent radiotherapy. Treatment with radiotherapy was associated with worse outcomes across 10/14 FACE-Q H&N scales, three MDADI subscales and one composite score, and the SHI. Mean differences in scores between irradiated and non-irradiated patients exceeded clinically meaningful differences for the MDADI and SHI. Issues with oral competence, saliva, speaking, and swallowing worsened with increasing time since surgery. Younger patients reported greater concerns with appearance, smiling, speaking, and cancer worry. Women reported greater concerns regarding appearance and associated distress. History of radiotherapy substantially impacts HRQOL and function after jaw reconstruction. Age at surgery and gender were also predictors of outcomes and associated distress. Pre-treatment counselling of patients requiring jaw reconstruction may lead to improved survivorship for patients with head and neck cancer. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Application of Head and Neck Cancer Research)

Review

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15 pages, 1596 KiB  
Review
Evolution of Head and Neck Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma Nodal Staging—An Australian Perspective
by Michael J. L. Hurrell, Tsu-Hui (Hubert) Low, Ardalan Ebrahimi, Michael Veness, Bruce Ashford, Sandro Porceddu and Jonathan R. Clark
Cancers 2022, 14(20), 5101; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14205101 - 18 Oct 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2002
Abstract
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNcSCC) is one of the commonest malignancies. When patients present with regional metastatic disease, treatment escalation results in considerable morbidity and survival is markedly reduced. Owing to the high incidence, Australian institutions have been [...] Read more.
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNcSCC) is one of the commonest malignancies. When patients present with regional metastatic disease, treatment escalation results in considerable morbidity and survival is markedly reduced. Owing to the high incidence, Australian institutions have been at the forefront of advocating for reliable, accurate, and clinically useful staging systems that recognise the distinct biological characteristics of HNcSCC. As a result, an extensive body of literature has been produced over the past two decades, which has defined critical prognostic factors, critiqued existing staging systems, and proposed alternative staging models. Notwithstanding, a suitable staging system has proved elusive. The goal of cancer staging is to group patients according to cancer characteristics for which survival differs between groups (distinctiveness), consistently decreases with increasing stage (monotonicity), and is similar within a group (homogeneity). Despite implementing major changes based on published data, the latest edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging manual fails to satisfy these fundamental requirements. This review chronologically explores and summarises the Australian contribution to prognostication and nodal staging of HNcSCC and highlights the ongoing challenges. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Application of Head and Neck Cancer Research)
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Other

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14 pages, 2242 KiB  
Systematic Review
Sex Disparity for Patients with Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck: A Systematic Review
by Brandon Tan, Ishith Seth, Olivia Fischer, Lyndel Hewitt, Geoffrey Melville, Gabriella Bulloch and Bruce Ashford
Cancers 2022, 14(23), 5830; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14235830 - 26 Nov 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1804
Abstract
The incidence of head and neck cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (HNcSCC) is unevenly distributed between men and women. At present, the mechanism behind this disparity remains elusive. This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of proportions to investigate the disparity between sexes [...] Read more.
The incidence of head and neck cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (HNcSCC) is unevenly distributed between men and women. At present, the mechanism behind this disparity remains elusive. This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of proportions to investigate the disparity between sexes for patients with HNcSCC. PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Emcare and CINAHL were searched in November 2021 and June 2022 (N > 50, English, human), and studies which examined the association between sex and HNcSCC were included. Analysis was conducted using RStudio with data and forest plots displaying males as a proportion of total patients with HNcSCC. Two independent researchers performed study selection, data extraction, data analysis and risk of bias. Eighty-two studies (1948 to 2018) comprising approximately 186,000 participants (67% male, 33% female) from 29 countries were included. Significantly more males had HNcSCC overall (71%; CI: 67–74). Males were also significantly more affected by cSCC of the ear (92%; CI: 89–94), lip (74%; CI: 66–81), and eyelid (56%; CI: 51–62). This study found HNcSCC disproportionately affected males overall and across all subtypes. Improving our understanding of sex-specific mechanisms in HNcSCC will better inform our preventive, therapeutic and prognostic practices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Application of Head and Neck Cancer Research)
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