The Role of Plasminogen Receptors in Cancers

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Cancer Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 May 2023) | Viewed by 3563

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
1. Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
2. Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
Interests: role of the plasminogen system in disease; redox regulation by annexin proteins

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
Interests: role of the plasminogen system in disease

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

Since the groundbreaking discovery by Fisher (1925) that avian tissue explants transformed to malignancy by viruses generate high levels of fibrinolytic activity under conditions in which cultures of normal cells do not, it has been clear that the plasminogen/plasmin system plays a fundamental role in tumor growth, invasion and metastasis. Although the plasminogen activators, tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA), have been well characterized and their role in converting plasminogen to plasmin is well understood, it has been unclear how this process is regulated at the cell surface. The transformative studies of Plow, Miles, and Felez defined the pathway for regulating this process; the cell surface possesses specific binding sites for plasminogen, which is provided by a set of distinct cell-surface proteins called plasminogen receptors. The plasminogen receptors tightly regulate both the tPA- and uPA-dependent conversion of plasminogen to plasmin. Although at least twelve plasminogen receptors have been described, it is unclear which plasminogen receptors contribute to the enhanced fibrinolytic activity of cancer cells. The purpose of this Special Issue, entitled The Role of Plasminogen Receptors in Cancers, is to explore the expanding diversity of plasminogen receptors that participate in plasmin generation by cancer cells and how targeting these proteins in human cancer may provide new opportunities for personalized anti-cancer therapy. This Special Issue welcomes reviews and original research articles.

Dr. David Waisman
Dr. Alamelu Bharadwaj
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • plasminogen
  • plasmin
  • plasminogen receptors
  • cancer
  • oncogenesis
  • proteases
  • proteinases
  • fibrinolysis
  • metastasis
  • invasion

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

19 pages, 3368 KiB  
Article
Urokinase Receptor uPAR Downregulation in Neuroblastoma Leads to Dormancy, Chemoresistance and Metastasis
by Anna A. Shmakova, Polina S. Klimovich, Karina D. Rysenkova, Vladimir S. Popov, Anna S. Gorbunova, Anna A. Karpukhina, Maxim N. Karagyaur, Kseniya A. Rubina, Vsevolod A. Tkachuk and Ekaterina V. Semina
Cancers 2022, 14(4), 994; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14040994 - 16 Feb 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3095
Abstract
uPAR is a membrane receptor that binds extracellular protease urokinase, contributes to matrix remodeling and plays a crucial role in cellular adhesion, proliferation, survival, and migration. uPAR overexpression in tumor cells promotes mitogenesis, opening a prospective avenue for targeted therapy. However, uPAR targeting [...] Read more.
uPAR is a membrane receptor that binds extracellular protease urokinase, contributes to matrix remodeling and plays a crucial role in cellular adhesion, proliferation, survival, and migration. uPAR overexpression in tumor cells promotes mitogenesis, opening a prospective avenue for targeted therapy. However, uPAR targeting in cancer has potential risks. We have recently shown that uPAR downregulation in neuroblastoma promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), potentially associated with metastasis and chemoresistance. We used data mining to evaluate the role of uPAR expression in primary and relapsed human neuroblastomas. To model the decreased uPAR expression, we targeted uPAR using CRISPR/Cas9 and shRNA in neuroblastoma Neuro2a cells and evaluated their chemosensitivity in vitro as well as tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. We demonstrate that the initially high PLAUR expression predicts poor survival in human neuroblastoma. However, relapsed neuroblastomas have a significantly decreased PLAUR expression. uPAR targeting in neuroblastoma Neuro2a cells leads to p38 activation and an increased p21 expression (suggesting a dormant phenotype). The dormancy in neuroblastoma cells can be triggered by the disruption of uPAR-integrin interaction. uPAR-deficient cells are less sensitive to cisplatin and doxorubicin treatment and exhibit lower p53 activation. Finally, low uPAR-expressing Neuro2a cells formed smaller primary tumors, but more frequent metastasis in mice. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study revealing the pathological role of dormant uPAR-deficient cancer cells having a chemoresistant and motile phenotype. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Plasminogen Receptors in Cancers)
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