Bowel Parasites: Diagnosis and Treatment

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2023) | Viewed by 1830

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
1. Zoonoses Research Center, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
2. Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
Interests: parasitology; zoonotic diseases; inflammation; immunoregulation; immunoparasitology

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Guest Editor
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
Interests: molecular parasitology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

Gastrointestinal parasites (GIPs), including protozoa and helminths, are still major health problems around the world, particularly in under-developed regions. GIPs are associated with malnourishment, especially in children and pregnant women. As such, immunocompromised patients (e.g., HIV/AIDS, patients with malignancies, and hemodialysis patients) are more susceptible to GIPs than healthy individuals. Hence, the diagnosis and treatment of GIPs among children, pregnant women, and immunocompromised patients remains crucial. GIPs can also alter the immune system, influencing the immune responses to other pathogens when coinfection occurs. Protozoa and helminths can differentially influence irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), while some protozoa can trigger IBS, and some helminths can mitigate the IBS course. Communication between GIPs and gut microbiota is also a new issue. There is also limited information regarding the communication between GIPs and SARS-COV-2 infection, including the clinical course, diagnosis, treatment, and outcome of GIPs among the COVID-19 patients.

This topic encompasses the latest research on the diagnosis and treatment of GIPs. We invite researchers to contribute relevant original articles, reviews, and opinion articles covering the entire field of GIPs, including (but not limited to):

  • new approaches for diagnosis and treatment of GIPs;
  • rapid diagnostic tools;
  • molecular diagnosis;
  • HIV/AIDS-associated GIPs;
  • diagnosis and treatment of GIPs among pregnant women and children;
  • diagnosis and treatment of GIPs among immunocompromised patient;
  • soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) infection;
  • communication between GIPs and gut microbiota;
  • GIPs and irritable bowel syndrome;
  • GIPs and COVID-19;
  • coinfection of GIPs with other pathogens.

Dr. Amir Abdoli
Dr. Majid Pirestani
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • helminths
  • protozoa
  • Ascaris
  • Trichuris
  • hookworm
  • Strongyloides stercoralis
  • schistosomiasis
  • pinworm
  • hymenolepis
  • Taenia saginata, Taenia solium, and Taenia asiatica
  • blastocystis
  • Giardia
  • entamoeba histolytica/dispar
  • Dientamoeba
  • Cryptosporidium
  • cyclospora
  • isospora
  • Enterocytozoon
  • Encephalitozoon

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

18 pages, 7514 KiB  
Article
Diagnostic Performance of Toluidine Blue Stain for Direct Wet Mount Detection of Cryptosporidium Oocysts: Qualitative and Quantitative Comparison to the Modified Ziehl–Neelsen Stain
by Shahira Abdelaziz Ali Ahmed, Annalisa Quattrocchi, Sherine M. Elzagawy, Panagiotis Karanis and Samer Eid Mohamed Gad
Diagnostics 2023, 13(15), 2557; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13152557 - 1 Aug 2023
Viewed by 1369
Abstract
(1) Background: The wet mount staining technique is a simple, economical, and rapid method for detecting parasitic stages. The objective of the current study was to evaluate wet mount diagnostic stains for Cryptosporidium infection in human faecal samples and to compare the sensitivity [...] Read more.
(1) Background: The wet mount staining technique is a simple, economical, and rapid method for detecting parasitic stages. The objective of the current study was to evaluate wet mount diagnostic stains for Cryptosporidium infection in human faecal samples and to compare the sensitivity and qualitative performance of toluidine blue (TolB) and modified Ziehl–Neelsen (mZN) stain. (2) Methods: The collection, purification, and molecular amplification of Cryptosporidium oocysts were performed. TolB, malachite green, trypan blue, and crystal violet were evaluated qualitatively to diagnose Cryptosporidium oocysts. The outperforming stain was compared to mZN using a quantitative evaluation and qualitative scoring system. (3) Results: The oocysts of Cryptosporidium parvum were effectively purified and utilized for spiking. TolB was the most effective diagnostic stain among wet mount stains for detecting Cryptosporidium oocysts. TolB outperformed mZN in terms of sensitivity, with 100% versus 79% at a concentration of 104 and 49% versus 23% at a concentration of 102. TolB had the most favourable qualitative stain characteristics against mZN; however, sample freshness and being a temporary stain were crucial considerations. (4) Conclusions: This study emphasizes that TolB, as a routine wet mount technique for screening Cryptosporidium infection, will provide a more sensitive and faster method than mZN staining. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bowel Parasites: Diagnosis and Treatment)
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