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Diagnostics
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Diagnosis and Factors Associated with Perinatal Health
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Diagnosis and Factors Associated with Perinatal Health

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2023) | Viewed by 16049

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Rafael A. Caparros-Gonzalez

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
Interests: effects of prenatal stress on pregnant women and their offspring; hair cortisol levels; infant´s neurodevelopment; psychological stress during pregnancy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Blanca Riquelme Gallego

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
Interests: dietary patterns; non-communicable diseases; animal-based pattern; vegetarian pattern; adipose tissue
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

The perinatal period is an extremely sensitive time for both the mother and the fetus. During pregnancy, birth, and postpartum, a wide number of variables can impact maternal and neonatal health and disease. Adverse variables during the perinatal period can be assessed through a medical and/or psychological perspective.

In this respect, the use of technology, apps, electronic devices, and psychological measures can contribute to the screening, assessment, and/or diagnosis of a range of situations for both the mother and the fetus, along with the partner.

This Special Issue aims to disseminate studies regarding the perinatal period and the use of tools that support the assessment and diagnosis of women, partners, and neonates during this crucial time. During pregnancy, environmental circumstances (including exposure to a war, intimate partner violence, or a pandemic) can affect maternal and neonatal health. The environment pregnant women are exposed to can create a permanent print on fetal physiology that will last during the child’s entire life. In this respect, the developmental origin of health and disease (DOHaD) theory (also known as fetal programming hypothesis) occurs during perinatal development that will determine the health and disease of that individual throughout their extrauterine life through epigenetics.

Dr. Rafael A. Caparros-Gonzalez
Dr. Blanca Riquelme Gallego 
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diagnostics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • perinatal medicine
  • perinatal psychology
  • assessment
  • fetal development
  • the developmental origin of health and disease
  • fetal programming
  • epigenetic
  • pregnancy

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Editorial

Jump to: Research, Review, Other

3 pages, 191 KiB  
Editorial
Diagnosis and Challenges in Perinatal Health
by Blanca Riquelme-Gallego and Rafael A. Caparros-Gonzalez
Diagnostics 2022, 12(6), 1399; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12061399 - 6 Jun 2022
Viewed by 1462
Abstract
Perinatal health is a primary objective for health systems [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Factors Associated with Perinatal Health)

Research

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11 pages, 1044 KiB  
Article
Factors Associated with the Severity of Pregnancy-Related Hypertensive Disorder: Significance of Clinical, Laboratory, and Histopathological Features
by Hyo Jung An, Dae Hyun Song, Yu-Min Kim, Hyen Chul Jo, Jong Chul Baek, Hyoeun Kim, Jusuk Yang and Ji Eun Park
Diagnostics 2022, 12(9), 2188; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12092188 - 9 Sep 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1430
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the association of maternal clinical and laboratory features and placental histopathological changes with disease severity in pregnancy-related hypertensive disorders. From January 2021 to December 2021, clinical and laboratory data at the time of delivery and [...] Read more.
The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the association of maternal clinical and laboratory features and placental histopathological changes with disease severity in pregnancy-related hypertensive disorders. From January 2021 to December 2021, clinical and laboratory data at the time of delivery and histopathological features of the placenta were collected from pregnant women with pregnancy-related hypertensive disorders at a single institution. The women were classified according to the pregnancy-related hypertensive disorder clinical severity, and each variable was compared accordingly. Gestational age-matched normotensive groups were also compared. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were used to identify factors influencing pregnancy-related hypertensive disorder severity. Fifty-eight pregnancies were analyzed. Maternal albumin levels before delivery (beta coefficient −0.83, p = 0.043) and increased placental syncytial knots (beta coefficient 0.71, p = 0.026) are important parameters that are closely related to disease severity in women with pregnancy-related hypertensive disorders. The combination of albumin, PAPP-A, total bilirubin, and eGFR levels appears to be optimal for predicting pregnancy-related hypertensive disorder severity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Factors Associated with Perinatal Health)
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11 pages, 790 KiB  
Article
Do the Causes of Spontaneous Preterm Delivery Affect Placental Inflammatory Pathology and Neonatal Outcomes?
by Il-Yeo Jang, Hye-Ji Jung, Ji-Hee Sung, Suk-Joo Choi, Soo-Young Oh, Jung-Sun Kim and Cheong-Rae Roh
Diagnostics 2022, 12(9), 2126; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12092126 - 1 Sep 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1292
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the severity of histologic chorioamnionitis /funisitis according to the indication for preterm delivery and their corresponding neonatal outcomes. Method: This study included 411 singleton women who delivered between 21+0 and 31+6 week of gestation due to preterm labor [...] Read more.
Objective: To investigate the severity of histologic chorioamnionitis /funisitis according to the indication for preterm delivery and their corresponding neonatal outcomes. Method: This study included 411 singleton women who delivered between 21+0 and 31+6 week of gestation due to preterm labor (PTL, n = 165), preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM, n = 202), or incompetent internal os of the cervix (IIOC, n = 44). The primary outcome measure was the rate of severe histological chorioamnionitis/funisitis. Secondary outcome measure was neonatal outcomes including neonatal and infant death, and neonatal composite morbidity. Results: The PPROM group demonstrated a higher rate of severe histological chorioamnionitis/funisitis compared to the PTL group (severe histological chorioamnionitis; PPROM, 66.3% vs. PTL, 49.1%, p = 0.001, severe funisitis; PPROM, 44.1% vs. PTL, 23.6%, p < 0.001) and this remained significant after multivariable analysis (severe histologic chorioamnionitis, OR 2.367, 95% CI 1.517–3.693; severe funisitis, OR 2.668, 95% CI 1.684–4.226). For neonatal outcomes only, a higher rate of patent ductus arteriosus was observed in the IIOC group compared to the PTL and PPROM groups (IIOC, 77.3% vs. PTL, 54.0% vs. PPROM, 54.0%, p = 0.043) and this remained significant after multivariable analysis. Conclusion: Indication of spontaneous preterm delivery might affect the placental inflammatory pathology and neonatal morbidity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Factors Associated with Perinatal Health)
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15 pages, 1078 KiB  
Article
Maternal Mental Health Symptom Profiles and Infant Sleep: A Cross-Sectional Survey
by Vania Sandoz, Alain Lacroix, Suzannah Stuijfzand, Myriam Bickle Graz and Antje Horsch
Diagnostics 2022, 12(7), 1625; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12071625 - 4 Jul 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2817
Abstract
The distinct influence of different, but comorbid, maternal mental health (MMH) difficulties (postpartum depression, anxiety, childbirth-related posttraumatic stress disorder) on infant sleep is unknown, although associations between MMH and infant sleep were reported. This cross-sectional survey aimed: (1) to examine associations between MMH [...] Read more.
The distinct influence of different, but comorbid, maternal mental health (MMH) difficulties (postpartum depression, anxiety, childbirth-related posttraumatic stress disorder) on infant sleep is unknown, although associations between MMH and infant sleep were reported. This cross-sectional survey aimed: (1) to examine associations between MMH symptoms and infant sleep; (2) to extract data-driven maternal MMH symptom profiles from MMH symptoms; and (3) to investigate the distinct influence of these MMH symptom profiles on infant sleep when including mediators and moderators. Mothers of 3–12-month-old infants (n = 410) completed standardized questionnaires on infant sleep, maternal perception of infant negative emotionality, and MMH symptoms. Data was analyzed using: (1) simple linear regressions; (2) factor analysis; and (3) structural equation modelling. MMH symptoms were all negatively associated with nocturnal sleep duration and only postpartum depression and anxiety symptoms were associated with night waking. Three MMH symptom profiles were extracted: depressive, anxious, and birth trauma profiles. Maternal perception of infant negative emotionality mediated the associations between the depressive or anxious profiles and infant sleep but only for particular infant ages or maternal education levels. The birth trauma profile was not associated with infant sleep. The relationships between MMH and infant sleep may involve distinct mechanisms contingent on maternal symptomatology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Factors Associated with Perinatal Health)
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Review

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20 pages, 821 KiB  
Review
Influence of Adipose Tissue on Early Metabolic Programming: Conditioning Factors and Early Screening
by Maria Puche-Juarez, Juan M. Toledano, Julio J. Ochoa, Javier Diaz-Castro and Jorge Moreno-Fernandez
Diagnostics 2023, 13(9), 1510; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13091510 - 22 Apr 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1705
Abstract
Background: Obesity and being overweight have become one of the world’s most severe health issues, not only because of the pathology but also because of the development of related comorbidities. Even when children reach adulthood, the mother’s environment during pregnancy has been found [...] Read more.
Background: Obesity and being overweight have become one of the world’s most severe health issues, not only because of the pathology but also because of the development of related comorbidities. Even when children reach adulthood, the mother’s environment during pregnancy has been found to have a significant impact on obesity prevention in children. Thus, both maternal dietary habits and other factors such as gestational diabetes mellitus, excessive weight gain during pregnancy, smoking, or endocrine factors, among others, could influence newborn growth, adiposity, and body composition at birth, in childhood and adolescence, hence programming health in adulthood. Methods: The aim of this review is to analyze the most recent human studies on the programming of fetal adipose tissue to determine which modifiable factors may influence adiposity and thus prevent specific disorders later in life by means of a bibliographic review of articles related to the subject over the last ten years. Conclusions: The importance of a healthy diet and lifestyle not only during pregnancy and the first months of life but also throughout childhood, especially during the first two years of life as this is a period of great plasticity, where the foundations for optimal health in later life will be laid, preventing the emergence of noncommunicable diseases including obesity, diabetes mellitus type 2, hypertension, being overweight, and any other pathology linked to metabolic syndrome, which is so prevalent today, through health programs beginning at a young age. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Factors Associated with Perinatal Health)
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Other

13 pages, 448 KiB  
Study Protocol
Impact of Suspected Preterm Labor during Pregnancy on Cardiometabolic Profile and Neurodevelopment during Childhood: A Prospective Cohort Study Protocol
by Jesús González, Marina Vilella, Sonia Ruiz, Iris Iglesia, Marcos Clavero-Adell, Ariadna Ayerza-Casas, Angel Matute-Llorente, Daniel Oros, Jose Antonio Casajús, Victoria Pueyo, Gerardo Rodriguez and Cristina Paules
Diagnostics 2023, 13(6), 1101; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13061101 - 14 Mar 2023
Viewed by 1701
Abstract
Introduction: Suspected preterm labor (SPL), defined as the presence of regular and painful uterine contractions and cervical shortening, represents a prenatal insult with potential long-term consequences. However, despite recent evidence demonstrating suboptimal neurodevelopment at 2 years in this population, it remains underestimated as [...] Read more.
Introduction: Suspected preterm labor (SPL), defined as the presence of regular and painful uterine contractions and cervical shortening, represents a prenatal insult with potential long-term consequences. However, despite recent evidence demonstrating suboptimal neurodevelopment at 2 years in this population, it remains underestimated as a significant risk factor for neurodevelopmental disorders or other chronic diseases. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of suspected preterm labor during pregnancy on cardiometabolic profile and neurodevelopment during childhood (6–8 years). Methods and analysis: Prospective cohort study including children whose mothers suffered suspected preterm labour during pregnancy and paired controls. Neurodevelopmental, cardiovascular, and metabolic assessments will be performed at 6–8 years of age. A trained psychologist will carry out the neurodevelopment assessment including intelligence, visual perception, and behavioral assessment. Body composition and physical fitness assessment will be performed by one trained pediatrician and nurse. Finally, cardiovascular evaluation, including echocardiography and blood pressure, will be performed by two pediatric cardiologists. Data regarding perinatal and postnatal characteristics, diet, lifestyle, and weekly screen time of the child will be obtained from medical history and direct interviews with families. Primary outcome measures will include body mass index and adiposity, percentage of fat mass and total and regional lean mass, bone mineral content and density, cardiorespiratory resistance, isometric muscle strength, dynamic lower body strength, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, left ventricle (LV) systolic and diastolic function, general intelligence index, visuospatial working memory span, oculomotor control test, index of emotional, and behavioral problems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Factors Associated with Perinatal Health)
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18 pages, 676 KiB  
Systematic Review
Risk Factors for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder after Childbirth: A Systematic Review
by Ijlas El Founti Khsim, Mirella Martínez Rodríguez, Blanca Riquelme Gallego, Rafael A. Caparros-Gonzalez and Carmen Amezcua-Prieto
Diagnostics 2022, 12(11), 2598; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12112598 - 26 Oct 2022
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 4805
Abstract
Background: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after birth has generated a growing interest in recent years. Although some risk factors associated with PTSD have been studied, information is still scarce to date on risk factors associated with PTSD. This systematic review aims to identify [...] Read more.
Background: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after birth has generated a growing interest in recent years. Although some risk factors associated with PTSD have been studied, information is still scarce to date on risk factors associated with PTSD. This systematic review aims to identify risk factors associated with the diagnosis of PTSD after childbirth. Methods: We searched on PubMed, Web of Science and SCOPUS databases, from inception to May 2022. Quality assessment of the articles was performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment (“NOQAS”) scale. This systematic review was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines. Inclusion criteria were women with age ≥18 years; articles in English or Spanish; articles focused on physical, social, psychological, medical-obstetric, and environmental risk factors. Results: A total of n = 17,675 women were included among the studies in this systematic review. The main risk factors associated with PTSD after birth were obstetric interventions and obstetric violence such as emergency caesarean section or a non-compliant birth plan, a previous mental illness, having suffered from of a traumatic event or depression and/or anxiety, and having poor social support throughout pregnancy and/or during birth. Conclusions: Obstetric interventions, obstetric violence, experiencing a traumatic event or depression and/or anxiety, and a previous mental illness are factors associated with the diagnosis of PTSD after birth. Protective factors are multiparity, adherence to the mother’s birth plan and skin-to-skin contact. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Factors Associated with Perinatal Health)
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