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New Insights into Permanent Magnet Motors

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "A: Sustainable Energy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2021) | Viewed by 11808

Special Issue Editors

Department of Electrical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea
Interests: electric machine design and control, especially PMSM and SynRM; motor design for rail-road application and HEV/EV traction; optimal design and multi-physics analysis

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Guest Editor
Department of Electrical Engineering, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea
Interests: electric machine design and control, especially PMSM; motor design for household application and HEV/EV traction; optimal design and multi-physics analysis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Because electric motors use more than 50% of electrical energy, the high-efficiency operation of electric motors is a very important issue. High-efficiency operation can be achieved using a high-efficiency motor and adjustable speed control. The induction motor has technical limitations in high efficiency and miniaturization due to the squirrel-cage rotor structure. Permanent magnet motors enable high-efficiency driving and miniaturization compared to induction motors. In particular, traction motors used in HEV/EVs are applications where miniaturization and high efficiency are needed. Permanent magnet motors are widely used in this application due to their high output density and efficiency.

IPMSM is high output density and high efficiency because it uses reluctance torque and magnetic torque. IPMSM is used in many applications due to its high performance. However, IPMSM with magnetic barriers are mechanically weak and produce permanent demagnetization due to heat and inverse magnetic field. No matter how well-made permanent magnet motors are, they cannot perform their functions if they are poorly controlled. Therefore, the design of permanent magnet motors inevitably requires mechanical stiffness analysis, thermal analysis, and characteristic analysis considering proper control methods.

Applications that require high-performance position control such as robots and machine tools are expanding. Slotless permanent magnet electric motors are suitable for these applications. Because slotless motors can increase electrical loads and there is no cogging torque. The winding of slotless motors is very difficult but more likely to be developed.

The design and control of permanent magnet motors are likely to develop technologically and the applications continue to expand, so it is believed that more active research and information exchange is needed.
This Special Issue will serve as a venue for exchange between engineers and scholars who design and control permanent magnet electric motors.

Prof. Ju Lee
Prof. Dr. Changsung Jin
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • IPMSM, SPMSM, PMDC
  • multiphysics analysis
  • slotless PM motor
  • characteristic analysis considering proper control method
  • demagnetization

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 8866 KiB  
Article
Proposed Commutation Method for Performance Improvement of Brushless DC Motor
by Chang-Sung Jin, Chang-Min Kim, In-Jin Kim and Iksang Jang
Energies 2021, 14(19), 6023; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14196023 - 22 Sep 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2783
Abstract
This study focused on the efficiency improvement and acoustic noise reduction of brushless DC (BLDC) motors by reducing current harmonics using a novel BLDC commutation method. To achieve these goals, we designed an improved 150° commutation method for a three-phase permanent magnet BLDC [...] Read more.
This study focused on the efficiency improvement and acoustic noise reduction of brushless DC (BLDC) motors by reducing current harmonics using a novel BLDC commutation method. To achieve these goals, we designed an improved 150° commutation method for a three-phase permanent magnet BLDC motor that can improve the current waveform. Although the 120° commutation method is generally employed for BLDC motors, an improved 150° commutation method is introduced to operate the BLDC with increased efficiency and acoustic noise similar to a brushless AC motor. This study investigated the attributes of various commutation methods, both theoretically and experimentally, to determine the optimal commutation method. The results of this study indicate that the improved 150° commutation method is optimal in terms of harmonic attributes and reduced torque ripple, allowing it to improve motor efficiency and reduce acoustic noise. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights into Permanent Magnet Motors)
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21 pages, 19028 KiB  
Article
Design Method for Flux-Concentrating Permanent-Magnet Traction Machine Based on Voltage-Parameter Map
by Ki-Doek Lee, Jeong-Jong Lee, Myung-Hwan Yoon and Joon-Sung Park
Energies 2021, 14(17), 5311; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14175311 - 26 Aug 2021
Viewed by 1607
Abstract
A voltage-parameter map (VP-Map) is proposed for predicting the performance of electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid EVs (HEVs), which varies with respect to the parameters in a variable load and flux-weakening range, and determining the design parameters. Through this, the maximum torque that [...] Read more.
A voltage-parameter map (VP-Map) is proposed for predicting the performance of electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid EVs (HEVs), which varies with respect to the parameters in a variable load and flux-weakening range, and determining the design parameters. Through this, the maximum torque that can be generated at the maximum speed, the input current for generation of the rated torque, and whether the vehicle is operable with a light load are predicted, and the design parameters suitable for the 120-kW class interior permanent-magnet (PM) synchronous motor for HEVs, which is the target electric motor of this study, are determined. A flux-concentrating PM synchronous motor (FCPMSM) is proposed that can be designed using the desired design parameters depending on the degree of the flux concentration. The validity of the VP-Map was verified by analyzing the characteristics of three types of FCPMSMs with different parameter combinations, and a PM synchronous motor for an EV having a high output, high efficiency, and high-power factor was designed. Lastly, the requirements were checked, and the analysis was validated by testing the designed motor. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights into Permanent Magnet Motors)
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13 pages, 6562 KiB  
Article
Investigation of an Interior Micro Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor
by Da-Chen Pang, Zhen-Jia Shi, Young-Ho Chang, Hua-Chih Huang and Gia-Thinh Bui
Energies 2021, 14(14), 4172; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14144172 - 10 Jul 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2384
Abstract
This study describes the development of the world’s smallest interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) to increase the torque density of micromotors. The research evaluates the feasibility of the miniaturization of IPMSM since recent studies in this area focus on medium to large [...] Read more.
This study describes the development of the world’s smallest interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) to increase the torque density of micromotors. The research evaluates the feasibility of the miniaturization of IPMSM since recent studies in this area focus on medium to large size compressor and traction motor applications. The standard-type and spoke-type IPMSM were selected for ease of micro machining. In order to surpass the performance of an inset motor of the same size used in previous research, the interior motors were designed with a different slot pole number, permanent magnet shape and rotor structure. Two types of interior motors were manufactured and tested to compare their performance. It was shown that the spoke-type interior motor had a better output torque, while the standard-type interior motor had a lower torque ripple, and both motors matched the specifications of commercially available motors. To achieve a higher torque density, the IPMSM designs increased the slot pole number from 6 slots 4 poles to 9 slots 6 poles. The torque density of the spoke-type motor was increased by 48% compared to the inset motor. The disadvantage is that the new design has a greater number of parts and smaller size, resulting in difficulties in manufacturing and assembly. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights into Permanent Magnet Motors)
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19 pages, 10515 KiB  
Article
A Study on the Shape of the Rotor to Improve the Performance of the Spoke-Type Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor
by Min-Jae Jeong, Kang-Been Lee, Hyun-Jo Pyo, Dong-Woo Nam and Won-Ho Kim
Energies 2021, 14(13), 3758; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14133758 - 23 Jun 2021
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 4005
Abstract
This paper describes a study on the improvement of the dehydration performance of the conventional washing machine model. Recently, as interest in improving the dehydration performance of washing machines has increased, the need for a study on a high-speed electric motor has emerged. [...] Read more.
This paper describes a study on the improvement of the dehydration performance of the conventional washing machine model. Recently, as interest in improving the dehydration performance of washing machines has increased, the need for a study on a high-speed electric motor has emerged. However, this conventional spoke-type PMSM has difficulty in speeding up due to the following problems. First, field weakening control is indispensable for high-speed operation of an electric motor. This control method is a big problem in causing torque drop and irreversible demagnetization of the motor. Moreover, the centrifugal force increases during high-speed operation, which adversely affects the stiffness of the motor. Therefore, in this paper, a new rotor shape of spoke-type PMSM was proposed to solve the above problem. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights into Permanent Magnet Motors)
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