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A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601). This special issue belongs to the section "Aging".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (22 March 2023) | Viewed by 13443

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Prof. Dr. Hui-Chuan Hsu

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Guest Editor

School of Public Health, Research Center of Health Equity, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
Interests: successful aging; active aging; long-term care policy; health policy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Healthy aging and active aging are recognized as important strategies for responding to the trend of global aging and increasing health care expenditure. Successful aging is viewed as a paradigm for an individual’s healthy aging, and the World Health Organization and European Union also suggest active aging policies to promote health in older people. Furthermore, age-friendly cities provide physical and social environments to promote active aging, and gerontechnology and artificial intelligence are applied to assist health promotion for frail, older adults. To promote older people’s health in physical, mental, and social dimensions from either behavioral, environmental, or technological aspects, evidence-based research and policy suggestions are highly needed.

This Special Issue, “Health Promotion for Older Adults,” invites submissions of studies that provide findings and policy suggestions for the promotion of health and well-being in older adults, in order to promote healthy aging and quality of life.

Prof. Dr. Hui-Chuan Hsu
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2500 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

older people
successful aging
active aging
health behaviors
healthy lifestyle
health promotion intervention
age-friendly city
quality of life

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 544 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Developmental Trajectories and Predictors of Incident Dementia among Elderly Taiwanese People: A 14-Year Longitudinal Study

by Yen-Chun Fan, Sheng-Feng Lin, Chia-Chi Chou and Chyi-Huey Bai

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(4), 3065; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043065 - 9 Feb 2023

Viewed by 1664

Abstract

The aim of this study was to identify dementia trajectories and their associated predictors among elderly Taiwanese people over a 14-year period using a nationwide representative longitudinal study. This retrospective cohort study was performed using the National Health Insurance Research Database. Group-based trajectory modeling (GBTM) was used to distinguish the specific trajectory groups of incident dementia during 2000–2013. All 42,407 patients were classified by GBTM to identify the trajectory of incident dementia, which included high- (n = 11,637, 29.0%), moderate- (n = 19,036, 44.9%), and low-incidence (n = 11,734, 26.1%) groups. Those diagnosed with hypertension (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.43; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.35–1.52), stroke (aOR = 1.45, 95% CI = 1.31–1.60), coronary heart disease (aOR = 1.29, 95% CI = 1.19–1.39), heart failure (aOR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.36–1.93), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (aOR = 1.10, 95% CI = 1.02–1.18) at baseline revealed tendencies to be classified into high-incidence groups in dementia risk. The results from a 14-year longitudinal study identified three distinct trajectories of incident dementia among elderly Taiwanese people: patients with cardiovascular disease risk factors and cardiovascular disease events tended to be classified into high-incidence dementia groups. Early detection and management of these associated risk factors in the elderly may prevent or delay the deterioration of cognitive decline. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Health Promotion for Older Adults)

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9 pages, 310 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Gender Impact on Diabetes Distress Focus at Medical Communication Concerns, Life and Interpersonal Stress

by Li-Chi Huang, Ching-Ling Lin, Yao-Tsung Chang, Ruey-Yu Chen and Chyi-Huey Bai

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(23), 15678; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192315678 - 25 Nov 2022

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1558

Abstract

Introduction: along with the rapidly aging population in many countries around the world, the global prevalence of diabetes and suffering from diabetes-related depression have risen in middle-aged and elderly adults. However, given that psychological stress is deeply influenced by culture, gender inequality in these statistics is often exhibited and increases with age. The aim of this study was to explore the gender difference in diabetes distress among middle-aged and elderly diabetic patients. Methods: 395 participants from four hospitals were recruited for a cross-sectional survey. The Taiwan Diabetes Distress Scale (TDDS) was used to measure diabetes distress. Linear regression was conducted to assess the gender difference in different types of diabetes distress. Results: there was significant gender difference in each diabetes distress domain. In particular, men who had received diabetes education in the past six months seemed to be more concerned about diabetes complications and felt pressured to communicate with doctors. In addition, women seemed to be more affected by diabetes distress because of their marital status, especially for married women. Conclusions: diabetes distress seems to have significant gender differences; however, more longitudinal research is needed on the causal relationship between gender and diabetes distress. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Health Promotion for Older Adults)

8 pages, 645 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Is Dual-Task Training Clinically Beneficial to Improve Balance and Executive Function in Community-Dwelling Older Adults with a History of Falls?

by Jin-Hyuck Park

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(16), 10198; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191610198 - 17 Aug 2022

Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2192

Abstract

Purpose: To date, the effects of dual-task training on balance underlying cognitive function remain unclear. Therefore, this study was to verify the effects of cognitive–physical dual-task training on balance and executive function in community-dwelling older adults with a history of falls. Method: Fifty-eight participants were randomly allocated to the experimental group (EG) receiving cognitive–physical dual-task training (n = 29) or to the control group (CG) receiving functional balance training (n = 29). After 12 sessions for 6 weeks, the One Leg Standing Test (OLST), the Timed UP and Go (TUG), and part B of the Trail-Making Test (TMT-B) were implemented to examine static and dynamic balance and executive function. Results: After the 12 sessions, the EG showed a greater improvement in the OLST (p < 0.001; η² = 0.332), the TUG (p < 0.001; η² = 0.375), and the TMT-B (p < 0.001; η² = 0.224) compared to the CG. Conclusion: These results indicate that dual-task training is clinically beneficial to improving static and dynamic balance as well as executive function in older adults with a history of falls. These findings shed new light on a clinical implication that executive function should be considered in balance training for older adults. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Health Promotion for Older Adults)

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9 pages, 1081 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Effectiveness of the Biography and Life Storybook for Nursing Home Residents: A Quasi-Experimental Study

by Doraisamy Guna, Coral Milburn-Curtis, Hui Zhang and Hongli Sam Goh

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(8), 4749; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19084749 - 14 Apr 2022

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2097

Abstract

There are currently limited studies that have examined the use of the biography and life storybook (BLSB) among the Asian older adult populations in the long-term care setting. This quasi-experimental study aimed to examine its impact on life satisfaction scores, depression, and quality of life among nursing home residents in Singapore. Two wards were assigned to either the intervention or control group. The intervention group was assigned to the BLSB intervention, which comprised eight nurse-facilitated structured sessions over three months and their usual daily activities, whereas the control group was assigned to the routine activities. A total of 74 nursing home residents completed the study, with 37 in each group. The BLSB intervention improved depression, quality of life, and life satisfaction for nursing home residents in Singapore, with significant results observed across all three outcomes over the 3-month period. The study findings support the use of BLSB as an effective reminiscence-based intervention for older adults in an Asian nursing home setting. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Health Promotion for Older Adults)

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13 pages, 1841 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Social Interaction, Lifestyle, and Depressive Status: Mediators in the Longitudinal Relationship between Cognitive Function and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Disability among Older Adults

by Qiuhong Li and Chao Wu

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(7), 4235; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19074235 - 1 Apr 2022

Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2855

Abstract

(1) Background: Cognitive decline is associated with instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) disability. Intervention targeting the mediators of this association will provide a path to avoid cognition-related IADL disability. (2) Methods: This study used data of wave 2008 (baseline) and wave 2014 of Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Surveys. Structural equation modeling was conducted to examine the mediating effect of social interaction, lifestyle (fruit and vegetable intake; exercise habits), and depressive status on the association between four baseline cognitive function dimensions (measured by the Chinese version of the Mini-Mental State Examination) and five (2014) IADL dimensions (visiting neighbors, shopping, preparing meals, washing clothes, and taking public transportation). (3) Results: Among 1976 older adults, 29.1% developed IADL disability 6 years later. The cognition–disability association was completely mediated by social interaction (estimate = −0.095, p < 0.001), lifestyle (estimate = −0.086, p < 0.001), and depressive status (estimate = −0.017, p = 0.003). The mediating effects of social interaction (46.3% variances explained) and lifestyle (42.0% variances explained) were both larger than that of depressive status (8.3% variances explained). (4) Conclusions: The development of interventions aimed at improving social interaction, depression, and lifestyle could be of value to prevent cognition-related IADL disability. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Health Promotion for Older Adults)

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10 pages, 325 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Dietary Patterns among Older People and the Associations with Social Environment and Individual Factors in Taiwan: A Multilevel Analysis

by Yi-Hsuan Lin, Hui-Chuan Hsu, Chyi-Huey Bai and Wen-Chi Wu

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(7), 3982; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19073982 - 27 Mar 2022

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2045

Abstract

Individual factors relating to dietary behaviors are widely explored. However, the effects of social environment on dietary patterns for the older people are less explored. The purpose of this study was to identify dietary patterns among older people in Taiwan and to examine the relationship of dietary patterns with social environment and individual factors. The current study used the 2013–2016 Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan. The sample was representative at the national and city levels. Only those who were aged 55 years old and above were included for analysis (n = 2922); the mean age of the participants was 68.62 (SD = 8.76). The city-level data, including population characteristics, food availability, and age-friendly city indicators, were obtained from the open data and survey report of government. Three dietary patterns were identified: high protein-vegetable (41.6%), high sweets and low protein-vegetables (37.9%), and high viscera and fats (20.5%). The results of multilevel multinomial logistic regressions showed that marital status, economic status, education, drinking alcohol, dietary belief, living a the city with more food availability, and bus accessibility were related to dietary patterns. Dietary patterns are related to the individual-level factors and social environment. Healthy dietary beliefs and age-friendly environments are beneficial to promoting healthy dietary patterns. Full article

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