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Molecular Research in Abiotic Stress Tolerance
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Molecular Research in Abiotic Stress Tolerance

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Plant Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2024 | Viewed by 4465

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Xiuqin Zhao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
Interests: abiotic stress tolerance; metabolomics; physiology; rice germplasm resources; quantitative genetics
Dr. Fan Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
Interests: molecular breeding in rice; abiotic tolerance; GWAS; plant genetics and genomics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

Abiotic stresses are major limiting factors for plant growth, including extreme temperatures, drought stress, waterlogging, saline–alkali stress, nitrogen and phosphorus deficiencies, heavy metal pollution, etc. Plants have developed complex mechanisms to adapt to these adverse environmental conditions at the physiological and molecular levels. Although current advances have revealed several genetic bases, gene regulatory networks and prevailing metabolites underlying plant responses to various abiotic stresses, a more comprehensive and deeper understanding of abiotic stresses is still needed to adapt to climate change.

This Special Issue is focused on basic and applied research that will contribute to a better understanding of plant tolerance to various abiotic stresses.

Suggested topics include, but are not limited to:

  • Identification of key candidate genes/QTLs using linkage mapping and association mapping approaches
  • Regulatory network and metabolic pathways in response to abiotic stress
  • Improvement in tolerance to abiotic stress via molecular/genomic breeding strategy

Dr. Xiuqin Zhao
Dr. Fan Zhang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • abiotic stress
  • natural variation
  • functional genes
  • regulatory network
  • metabolic pathway
  • molecular mechanism
  • modern molecular breeding strategy

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 3101 KiB  
Article
Candidate Genes and Favorable Haplotypes Associated with Iron Toxicity Tolerance in Rice
by Siyu Miao, Jingbing Lu, Guogen Zhang, Jing Jiang, Pingping Li, Yukang Qian, Wensheng Wang, Jianlong Xu, Fan Zhang and Xiuqin Zhao
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(13), 6970; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25136970 - 26 Jun 2024
Viewed by 143
Abstract
Iron (Fe) toxicity is a major issue adversely affecting rice production worldwide. Unfortunately, the physiological and genetic mechanisms underlying Fe toxicity tolerance in rice remain relatively unknown. In this study, we conducted a genome–wide association study using a diverse panel consisting of 551 [...] Read more.
Iron (Fe) toxicity is a major issue adversely affecting rice production worldwide. Unfortunately, the physiological and genetic mechanisms underlying Fe toxicity tolerance in rice remain relatively unknown. In this study, we conducted a genome–wide association study using a diverse panel consisting of 551 rice accessions to identify genetic mechanisms and candidate genes associated with Fe toxicity tolerance. Of the 29 quantitative trait loci (QTL) for Fe toxicity tolerance detected on chromosomes 1, 2, 5, and 12, five (qSH_Fe5, qSFW_Fe2.3, qRRL5.1, qRSFW1.1, and qRSFW12) were selected to identify candidate genes according to haplotype and bioinformatics analyses. The following five genes were revealed as promising candidates: LOC_Os05g40160, LOC_Os05g40180, LOC_Os12g36890, LOC_Os12g36900, and LOC_Os12g36940. The physiological characteristics of rice accessions with contrasting Fe toxicity tolerance reflected the importance of reactive oxygen species–scavenging antioxidant enzymes and Fe homeostasis for mitigating the negative effects of Fe toxicity on rice. Our findings have clarified the genetic and physiological mechanisms underlying Fe toxicity tolerance in rice. Furthermore, we identified valuable genetic resources for future functional analyses and the development of Fe toxicity–tolerant rice varieties via marker–assisted selection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Research in Abiotic Stress Tolerance)
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22 pages, 5784 KiB  
Article
Genome-Wide Identification of CHYR Gene Family in Sophora alopecuroides and Functional Analysis of SaCHYR4 in Response to Abiotic Stress
by Youcheng Zhu, Ying Wang, Zhipeng Ma, Di Wang, Fan Yan, Yajing Liu, Jingwen Li, Xuguang Yang, Ziwei Gao, Xu Liu, Le Wang and Qingyu Wang
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(11), 6173; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25116173 - 4 Jun 2024
Viewed by 362
Abstract
Sophora alopecuroides has important uses in medicine, wind breaking, and sand fixation. The CHY-zinc-finger and RING-finger (CHYR) proteins are crucial for plant growth, development, and environmental adaptation; however, genetic data regarding the CHYR family remain scarce. We aimed to investigate the CHYR gene [...] Read more.
Sophora alopecuroides has important uses in medicine, wind breaking, and sand fixation. The CHY-zinc-finger and RING-finger (CHYR) proteins are crucial for plant growth, development, and environmental adaptation; however, genetic data regarding the CHYR family remain scarce. We aimed to investigate the CHYR gene family in S. alopecuroides and its response to abiotic stress, and identified 18 new SaCHYR genes from S. alopecuroides whole-genome data, categorized into 3 subclasses through a phylogenetic analysis. Gene structure, protein domains, and conserved motifs analyses revealed an exon–intron structure and conserved domain similarities. A chromosome localization analysis showed distribution across 12 chromosomes. A promoter analysis revealed abiotic stress-, light-, and hormone-responsive elements. An RNA-sequencing expression pattern analysis revealed positive responses of SaCHYR genes to salt, alkali, and drought stress. SaCHYR4 overexpression considerably enhanced alkali and drought tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. These findings shed light on SaCHYR’s function and the resistance mechanisms of S. alopecuroides, presenting new genetic resources for crop resistance breeding. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Research in Abiotic Stress Tolerance)
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21 pages, 10375 KiB  
Article
OsBTBZ1 Confers Salt Stress Tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana
by Triono B. Saputro, Bello H. Jakada, Panita Chutimanukul, Luca Comai, Teerapong Buaboocha and Supachitra Chadchawan
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(19), 14483; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241914483 - 23 Sep 2023
Viewed by 1604
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L.), one of the most important commodities and a primary food source worldwide, can be affected by adverse environmental factors. The chromosome segment substitution line 16 (CSSL16) of rice is considered salt-tolerant. A comparison of the transcriptomic data of [...] Read more.
Rice (Oryza sativa L.), one of the most important commodities and a primary food source worldwide, can be affected by adverse environmental factors. The chromosome segment substitution line 16 (CSSL16) of rice is considered salt-tolerant. A comparison of the transcriptomic data of the CSSL16 line under normal and salt stress conditions revealed 511 differentially expressed sequence (DEseq) genes at the seedling stage, 520 DEseq genes in the secondary leaves, and 584 DEseq genes in the flag leaves at the booting stage. Four BTB genes, OsBTBZ1, OsBTBZ2, OsBTBN3, and OsBTBN7, were differentially expressed under salt stress. Interestingly, only OsBTBZ1 was differentially expressed at the seedling stage, whereas the other genes were differentially expressed at the booting stage. Based on the STRING database, OsBTBZ1 was more closely associated with other abiotic stress-related proteins than other BTB genes. The highest expression of OsBTBZ1 was observed in the sheaths of young leaves. The OsBTBZ1-GFP fusion protein was localized to the nucleus, supporting the hypothesis of a transcriptionally regulatory role for this protein. The bt3 Arabidopsis mutant line exhibited susceptibility to NaCl and abscisic acid (ABA) but not to mannitol. NaCl and ABA decreased the germination rate and growth of the mutant lines. Moreover, the ectopic expression of OsBTBZ1 rescued the phenotypes of the bt3 mutant line and enhanced the growth of wild-type Arabidopsis under stress conditions. These results suggest that OsBTBZ1 is a salt-tolerant gene functioning in ABA-dependent pathways. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Research in Abiotic Stress Tolerance)
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21 pages, 3030 KiB  
Article
Seed Priming with MeJa Prevents Salt-Induced Growth Inhibition and Oxidative Damage in Sorghum bicolor by Inducing the Expression of Jasmonic Acid Biosynthesis Genes
by Takalani Mulaudzi, Gershwin Sias, Mulisa Nkuna, Nzumbululo Ndou, Kaylin Hendricks, Vivian Ikebudu, Abraham J. Koo, Rachel F. Ajayi and Emmanuel Iwuoha
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(12), 10368; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241210368 - 20 Jun 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1599
Abstract
Salinity is one of the major detrimental abiotic stresses at the forefront of deterring crop productivity globally. Although the exogenous application of phytohormones has formerly proven efficacious to plants, their effect on the moderately stress-tolerant crop “Sorghum bicolor” remains elusive. To [...] Read more.
Salinity is one of the major detrimental abiotic stresses at the forefront of deterring crop productivity globally. Although the exogenous application of phytohormones has formerly proven efficacious to plants, their effect on the moderately stress-tolerant crop “Sorghum bicolor” remains elusive. To investigate this, S. bicolor seeds primed with methyl jasmonate (0; 10 and 15 μM MeJa) were exposed to salt (200 mM NaCl) stress, and their morpho-physiological, biochemical, and molecular attributes were measured. Salt stress significantly decreased shoot length and fresh weight by 50%, whereas dry weight and chlorophyll content were decreased by more than 40%. Furthermore, salt-stress-induced oxidative damage was evident by the formation of brown formazan spots (indicative of H2O2 production) on sorghum leaves and a more than 30% increase in MDA content. However, priming with MeJa improved growth, increased chlorophyll content, and prevented oxidative damage under salt stress. While 15 µM MeJa maintained proline content to the same level as the salt-stressed samples, total soluble sugars were maintained under 10 µM MeJa, indicating a high degree of osmotic adjustment. Shriveling and thinning of the epidermis and xylem tissues due to salt stress was prevented by MeJa, followed by a more than 70% decrease in the Na+/K+ ratio. MeJa also reversed the FTIR spectral shifts observed for salt-stressed plants. Furthermore, salt stress induced the expression of the jasmonic acid biosynthesis genes; linoleate 92-lipoxygenase 3, allene oxide synthase 1, allene oxide cyclase, and 12-oxophytodienoate reductase 1. In MeJa-primed plants, their expression was reduced, except for the 12-oxophytodienoate reductase 1 transcript, which further increased by 67%. These findings suggest that MeJa conferred salt-stress tolerance to S. bicolor through osmoregulation and synthesis of JA-related metabolites. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Research in Abiotic Stress Tolerance)
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