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Molecular Mechanisms of Natural Products and Phytochemicals in Immune Cells and Asthma

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Bioactives and Nutraceuticals".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2022) | Viewed by 6256

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Young Cheol Lee

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
Department of Herbology, College of Korean Medicine, Sangji University, 83 Sangjidae-gil, Wonju, Gangwon-do 26339, Republic of Korea
Interests: allergy; asthma; airway inflammation; natural product; chemokines; immune cells
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Natural products (involvement of medicinal plants, medicinal animal and bioactive compounds) have a long history of human use and can play an important role in anti-inflammatory responses. These include polyphenols, polysaccharides, terpenes, fatty acids, proteins and several other ingredients. Moreover, they are used as a medicine for the treatment of inflammatory diseases such as allergic diseases. Allergic asthma, an increasingly common immunologic disease in industrialized countries, is a chronic inflammatory condition of the airways that causes airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). A Th1-Th2 cytokine imbalance has been hypothesized to underlie allergic asthma through a shift in immune responses from a Th1 pattern toward a Th2 (IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13) profile. Additionally, the recruitment of inflammatory cells such as T cells, mast cells, eosinophils, epithelial cells, macrophages and neutrophils is mediated via a number of chemokines and their receptors. Chemokines and their receptors are important therapeutic targets in asthma and allergic diseases because of their key role in immune cell recruitment and activation during inflammation.

This Special Issue on “Molecular Mechanisms of Natural Products and Phytochemicals in Immune Cells and Asthma” welcomes original research and reviews on: (1) molecular mechanisms of active natural products (medicinal plants, animal), and phytochemicals in vitro and in vivo; (2) the therapeutic effects and molecular mechanisms of natural products on asthma, and allergic diseases; (3) recent advances in the study of the role exerted by natural products and dietary bioactive compounds against asthma; (4) the use of in vitro and in vivo molecular research using cell lines and animal models.

Importantly, the main active ingredient of the extract of natural origins must be reported in the submitted research manuscript.

Prof. Dr. Young Cheol Lee
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • asthma
  • immune cells (T, B, eosinophils, neutrophils, macrophage, epithelial cells, etc.)
  • natural products (involvement of medicinal plants, medicinal animal and bioactive compounds)
  • phytochemicals
  • chemokines
  • cytokines
  • airway inflammation

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Editorial

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2 pages, 170 KiB  
Editorial
Editorial of Special Issue “Molecular Mechanisms of Natural Products and Phytochemicals in Immune Cells and Asthma”
by Young-Cheol Lee
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(6), 5913; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24065913 - 21 Mar 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 818
Abstract
The Special Issue “Molecular Mechanisms of Natural Products and Phytochemicals in Immune Cells and Asthma” in the International Journal of Molecular Sciences includes original research and reviews on the molecular mechanisms of active, natural products (medicinal plants and animal ones) and phytochemicals in [...] Read more.
The Special Issue “Molecular Mechanisms of Natural Products and Phytochemicals in Immune Cells and Asthma” in the International Journal of Molecular Sciences includes original research and reviews on the molecular mechanisms of active, natural products (medicinal plants and animal ones) and phytochemicals in vitro and in vivo [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Mechanisms of Natural Products and Phytochemicals in Immune Cells and Asthma)

Research

Jump to: Editorial

23 pages, 3383 KiB  
Article
Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Nutritionally Relevant Concentrations of Oleuropein and Hydroxytyrosol on Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells: An Age-Related Analysis
by Fanny Pojero, Francesco Gervasi, Salvatore Davide Fiore, Anna Aiello, Sonia Bonacci, Rosalia Caldarella, Alessandro Attanzio, Giuseppina Candore, Calogero Caruso, Mattia Emanuela Ligotti, Antonio Procopio, Ignazio Restivo, Luisa Tesoriere, Mario Allegra and Giulia Accardi
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(13), 11029; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241311029 - 3 Jul 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1369
Abstract
Immunosenescence and inflammaging facilitate the insurgence of chronic diseases. The Mediterranean diet is a non-invasive intervention to improve the chronic low-grade inflammatory status associated with aging. Olive oil oleuropein (OLE) and hydroxytyrosol (HT) demonstrated a controversial modulatory action on inflammation in vitro when [...] Read more.
Immunosenescence and inflammaging facilitate the insurgence of chronic diseases. The Mediterranean diet is a non-invasive intervention to improve the chronic low-grade inflammatory status associated with aging. Olive oil oleuropein (OLE) and hydroxytyrosol (HT) demonstrated a controversial modulatory action on inflammation in vitro when tested at concentrations exceeding those detectable in human plasma. We studied the potential anti-inflammatory effects of OLE and HT at nutritionally relevant concentrations on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) as regards cell viability, frequency of leukocyte subsets, and cytokine release, performing an age-focused analysis on two groups of subjects: Adult (age 18–64 years) and Senior (age ≥ 65 years). OLE and HT were used alone or as a pre-treatment before challenging PBMCs with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Both polyphenols had no effect on cell viability irrespective of LPS, but 5 µM HT had an LPS-like effect on monocytes, reducing the intermediate subset in Adult subjects. OLE and HT had no effect on LPS-triggered release of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8, but 5 µM HT reduced IL-10 secretion by PBMCs from Adult vs. Senior group. In summary, nutritionally relevant concentrations of OLE and HT elicit no anti-inflammatory effect and influence the frequency of immune cell subsets with age-related different outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Mechanisms of Natural Products and Phytochemicals in Immune Cells and Asthma)
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17 pages, 3746 KiB  
Article
Antiallergic Effects of N,N-dicoumaroylspermidine Isolated from Lithospermum erythrorhizon on Mast Cells and Ovalbumin-Induced Allergic Rhinitis
by Tam Thi Le, Tae Kyeom Kang, Wook-Bin Lee and Sang Hoon Jung
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(18), 10403; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms231810403 - 8 Sep 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1687
Abstract
In East Asia, the dried root of Lithospermum erythrorhizon has been utilized as an anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, detoxifying, and anti-inflammatory agent. Recently, we reported that L. erythrorhizon protects against allergic rhinitis; however, the component within L. erythrorhizon that exerts antiallergic activity remains unknown. The [...] Read more.
In East Asia, the dried root of Lithospermum erythrorhizon has been utilized as an anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, detoxifying, and anti-inflammatory agent. Recently, we reported that L. erythrorhizon protects against allergic rhinitis; however, the component within L. erythrorhizon that exerts antiallergic activity remains unknown. The purpose of the current study was to isolate and characterize the antiallergic active components in an ethanolic extract of L. erythrorhizon roots. We examined the antiallergic effects of L. erythrorhizon reflux ethanol extracts in an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic rhinitis mouse model, and compared the chemical compounds extracted using the hot reflux and cold extraction methods. Chromatographic separation identified two novel anthraquinones, erythrin A and B, one newly discovered compound from the Lithospermum genus, N1″,N3″-dicoumaroylspermidine, and nineteen other recognized compounds. Their chemical structures were elucidated by single (1D) and 2D analysis of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic data, as well as high resolution mass spectrometry. Among the identified compounds, N,N′-dicoumaroylspermidine strongly inhibited the release of β-hexosaminidase, as well as the production of IL-3, IL-4, and IL-13 by IgE-sensitized and BSA-stimulated RBL-2H3 cells. Using the OVA-induced allergic rhinitis mouse model, we showed that N,N′-dicoumaroylspermidine reduced the production of serum OVA-specific IgE and the number of inflammatory cells in nasal lavage fluid. N,N′-dicoumaroylspermidine isolated from L. erythrorhizon exhibits antiallergic properties, making it potentially effective for allergic rhinitis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Mechanisms of Natural Products and Phytochemicals in Immune Cells and Asthma)
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11 pages, 3556 KiB  
Article
Gypenoside A from Gynostemma pentaphyllum Attenuates Airway Inflammation and Th2 Cell Activities in a Murine Asthma Model
by Wen-Chung Huang, Shu-Ju Wu, Kuo-Wei Yeh and Chian-Jiun Liou
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(14), 7699; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23147699 - 12 Jul 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1895
Abstract
Our previous study found that oral administration of Gynostemma pentaphyllum extract can attenuate airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and reduce eosinophil infiltration in the lungs of asthmatic mice. Gypenoside A is isolated from G. pentaphyllum. In this study, we investigated whether gypenoside A can [...] Read more.
Our previous study found that oral administration of Gynostemma pentaphyllum extract can attenuate airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and reduce eosinophil infiltration in the lungs of asthmatic mice. Gypenoside A is isolated from G. pentaphyllum. In this study, we investigated whether gypenoside A can effectively reduce asthma in mice. Asthma was induced in BALB/c mice by ovalbumin injection. Asthmatic mice were treated with gypenoside A via intraperitoneal injection to assess airway inflammation, AHR, and immunomodulatory effects. In vitro, gypenoside A reduced inflammatory and oxidative responses in inflammatory tracheal epithelial cells. Experimental results showed that gypenoside A treatment can suppress eosinophil infiltration in the lungs, reduce tracheal goblet cell hyperplasia, and attenuate AHR. Gypenoside A significantly reduced Th2 cytokine expression and also inhibited the expression of inflammatory genes and proteins in the lung and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. In addition, gypenoside A also significantly inhibited the secretion of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines and reduced oxidative expression in inflammatory tracheal epithelial cells. The experimental results suggested that gypenoside A is a natural compound that can effectively reduce airway inflammation and AHR in asthma, mainly by reducing Th2 cell activation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Mechanisms of Natural Products and Phytochemicals in Immune Cells and Asthma)
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