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Infectious Disease Epidemiology: Current Updates and Perspectives
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Infectious Disease Epidemiology: Current Updates and Perspectives

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Infectious Diseases".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 February 2026 | Viewed by 1948

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Agata Skrzat-Klapaczynska

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Adults’ Infectious Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, 01-201 Warsaw, Poland
Interests: infectious diseases; HIV; HBV; HCV; epidemiology; viral hepatitis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Justyna Dominika Kowalska

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Adults’ Infectious Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, 01-201 Warsaw, Poland
Interests: HIV; viral hepatitis; STI; Central and Eastern Europe
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Infectious diseases are an extremely diverse field of medicine. Knowledge of the epidemiology of infectious diseases is the basis for strategic planning to reduce them in the context of public health. It is well known that the epidemiology of individual infectious diseases is changing, and the factors causing this are changes in human behaviour, anti-vaccination movements, international conflicts, climate change and others. Awareness and up-to-date knowledge in this area are crucial to achieving the goals of controlling and even ending the epidemic of individual infectious diseases.

In this Special Issue, we invite authors to submit papers on the epidemiology of infectious diseases, in particular recent updates and perspectives.

You may choose our Joint Special Issue in Viruses.

Dr. Agata Skrzat-Klapaczynska
Prof. Dr. Justyna Dominika Kowalska
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Clinical Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • infection prevention and control
  • infectious diseases epidemiology
  • public health
  • novel treatments

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 395 KB  
Article
Serious Adverse Drug Reactions to COVID-19 Vaccines in the Pediatric Population: A Retrospective, Cross-Sectional Study Utilizing the Eudravigilance Database for the European Economic Area
by Grzegorz Nazar, Julia Olszlegier, Aleksandra Kamińska, Katarzyna Plata-Nazar and Wojciech Nazar
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(18), 6542; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14186542 - 17 Sep 2025
Viewed by 538
Abstract
Background: During the global fight against the COVID-19 pandemic, vaccinations have been widely recognized as the most effective and generally safe method for preventing the spread of COVID-19. However, it has been reported that children may experience post-vaccination serious adverse drug reactions (SADRs). [...] Read more.
Background: During the global fight against the COVID-19 pandemic, vaccinations have been widely recognized as the most effective and generally safe method for preventing the spread of COVID-19. However, it has been reported that children may experience post-vaccination serious adverse drug reactions (SADRs). Thus, we aimed to analyze the risk of SADRs to COVID-19 vaccines in the pediatric population. Methods: In this retrospective, cross-sectional study, 5422 cases of SADRs (n = 5018 for Pfizer BioNTech, Comirnaty and n = 494 for Moderna, Spikevax) were analyzed after 37,344,343 doses of COVID-19 vaccines were administered. This study covered the European Economic Area. The analysis period for both vaccinations and SADRs spanned from 7 December 2020 to 5 October 2023. The analysis encompassed 207 types of SADRs grouped into 12 categories. All estimated real-world reporting rates were reported as normalized per million ADR reports and adjusted using real-world trial-based scaling (APMR). Results: The total estimated real-world reporting rates of SADRs were 5792 APMR for Comirnaty and 5671 for Spikevax. The most commonly reported clinical categories of suspected SADRs for both vaccines were neuropsychiatric, cardiovascular and gastroenterological disorders. The most often reported SADRs encompassed headaches, myocarditis, episodes of syncope, dizziness and dyspnea. Conclusions: According to the data from this study, several SADRs were reported in children following COVID-19 vaccination. The estimated real-world reporting rates of SADRs related to COVID-19 vaccines seem to be rare among children. Additionally, the data suggest that Comirnaty (Pfizer-BioNTech) may have a similar risk profile compared to Spikevax (Moderna). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Infectious Disease Epidemiology: Current Updates and Perspectives)
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10 pages, 232 KB  
Article
Does Early Concordant Antibiotic Treatment Reduce Mortality Among Hospitalized Patients with Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Bacteremia? A Retrospective Cohort Study
by Alaa Atamna, Yaara Wazana, Haim Ben-Zvi, Tzippy Shochat, Jihad Bishara and Amir Nutman
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(18), 6485; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14186485 - 15 Sep 2025
Viewed by 273
Abstract
Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) bacteremia is a critical health concern associated with high morbidity and mortality and limited treatment options. Whether early initiation of concordant antibiotic therapy upon recognition of sepsis improves outcomes remains unclear. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study [...] Read more.
Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) bacteremia is a critical health concern associated with high morbidity and mortality and limited treatment options. Whether early initiation of concordant antibiotic therapy upon recognition of sepsis improves outcomes remains unclear. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 413 patients diagnosed with CRAB bacteremia to evaluate the impact of early concordant antibiotic treatment (i.e., administration of in vitro active antibiotics within 24 h of blood culture collection) on 30-day mortality. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to identify predictors of early concordant treatment and to evaluate its association with 30-day mortality. To address potential confounding by early death, a sensitivity analysis was performed which included only patients who survived at least 48 h after blood culture collection. Results: Among the study cohort, 30% (122/413) received early concordant treatment (all received colistin), while 70% (291/413) received early discordant treatment. The median age of patients receiving early concordant treatment was 69 (interquartile range (IQR), 62–78) years vs. 71 (IQR, 62–81) years in the discordant group (p = 0.1). Patients who received early concordant treatment were more likely to be mechanically ventilated (52% vs. 40%, p = 0.03) and have rectal carriage of multidrug-resistant bacteria (16% vs. 9%, p = 0.06). The 30-day mortality was 63% (260/413). In univariate analysis, survivors were more likely to have received early concordant treatment (38% vs. 25%, p = 0.005); however, this association was not statistically significant in the multivariable model (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.36, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.13–1.02, p = 0.053). Significant factors associated with 30-day mortality included age ≥65 years (aOR 4; 95% CI 1.1–17, p = 0.04) and SOFA score ≥5 points (aOR 7.14; 95% CI 2–25, p < 0.01). In the sensitivity analysis limited to patients who survived at least 48 h after blood culture collection, early concordant treatment remained unassociated with 30-day mortality (aOR 1.8; 95% CI 0.5–7, p = 0.4). Conclusions: Early concordant antibiotic treatment was not significantly associated with 30-day mortality in patients with CRAB bacteremia. Older age and SOFA score were significant predictors of mortality. Whether this finding reflects the limited efficacy of colistin, which was the predominant empiric antibiotic in this cohort, remains unclear; nevertheless, more effective therapeutic options for CRAB bacteremia are urgently needed to improve patient outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Infectious Disease Epidemiology: Current Updates and Perspectives)
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