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Interdisciplinarity in Cardiovascular Diseases: From Pathophysiology to Diagnosis and Treatment:...
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Interdisciplinarity in Cardiovascular Diseases: From Pathophysiology to Diagnosis and Treatment: 3rd Edition

A special issue of Life (ISSN 2075-1729). This special issue belongs to the section "Physiology and Pathology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2025 | Viewed by 2863

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Mariana Floria

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Guest Editor
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 16 University Street, Iasi, Romania
Interests: arrhythmias; atrial fibrillation; left atrium; cardiovascular disease; cardiovascular risk factor; echocardiography; gastroesophageal reflux disease; metabolic associated steato-hepatitis; heart–liver axis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Anca Trifan

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Guest Editor
Department of Gastroenterology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania
Interests: hepatic fibrosis; steatohepatitis; inflammatory bowel disease; alcoholic liver disease; gastroenterology and hepatology; cardiovascular complications
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Daniela Maria Tanase

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 16 University Street, Iasi, Romania
Interests: cardiovascular diseases; cardiovascular complications; atherosclerosis; oxidative stress; inflammatory bowel disease; nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; gut microbiota; dysbiosis; type 2 diabetes
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The first and second edition of this Special Issue were completed successfully. We intend to publish a third edition, and so we invite you to submit your research for publication.

First edition: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/life/special_issues/56Z399BE63.

Second edition: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/life/special_issues/3ZTJ8J37B6.

Cardiovascular diseases are a significant cause of death worldwide. Interdisciplinarity has become mandatory in many cardiovascular diseases like hypertension, ischemic heart disease, arrhythmias, congenital heart disease, pericarditis, arrhythmias, or valvular heart disease. The heart team decision has become a common recommendation in cardiology guidelines. Diagnosis and treatment algorithms in cardiovascular disease, therefore, imply interdisciplinary collaboration with gastroenterologists, nephrologists, pulmonologists, neurologists, rheumatologists, hematologists, etc.

Gastroesophageal reflux disease, inflammatory bowel diseases, or metabolic-associated steatohepatitis are some digestive diseases that require a mixed team, namely a cardiologist–gastroenterologist team. These diseases share common physiopathological mechanisms or substrates, and there are, therefore, diagnostic and therapeutic interferences.

Despite the importance of cardiorenal syndrome and cardiac complications of chronic kidney disease or kidney transplantation, the interaction between nephrology and cardiovascular medicine is much broader. Nowadays, there are many advancements in nephrology and cardiovascular medicine, which merge new diagnostic, monitoring, and therapeutic modalities. Patients with acute or chronic kidney disease have pathologies like ischemia, dyslipidemia, or hypertension, which require interdisciplinary collaboration with the cardiologist. Nephrocardiology or cardionephrology, defined as the interaction between nephrology and cardiovascular medicine, is the multidirectional interplay of cardiovascular diseases and nephrology-related conditions.

Respiratory medicine and cardiac pathology share multiple comorbidities such as pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary embolism, and COPD. The cardiovascular and respiratory systems share common physiological and pathophysiological mechanisms and complications. The recent COVID-19 pandemic is the best example of the interdisciplinarity between cardiologist and pulmonologist.

Beyond frequent interferences between cardiology with gastroenterohepatology, nephrology, or respiratory medicine, there are many others, like metabolic, endocrinology, or hematology disease, which share common risk factors, comorbidities, and complications.

To conclude, the heart team concept brings to the forefront the need for interdisciplinarity collaboration in cardiology. Liver–heart, bowel–heart, brain–heart, or kidney–heart axes might explain the pathophysiologic interferences and the multiples clinical consequences. Therefore, the prevention, diagnosis, and therapy of cardiovascular diseases increasingly involve collaboration with other specialties for the best decisions for our patients. In addition, interdisciplinarity in cardiovascular disease might create new algorithms from diagnostic or therapeutic points of view in some cardiovascular diseases.

Prof. Dr. Mariana Floria
Prof. Dr. Anca Trifan
Dr. Daniela Maria Tanase
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • interdisciplinarity team
  • cardiovascular diseases
  • cardiovascular complications
  • gastro-esophago-enterology and hepatology
  • metabolic-associated steato-hepatitis
  • gut microbiota
  • nephrocardiology
  • pulmonary diseases
  • rheumatology diseases
  • endocrinology diseases

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 505 KiB  
Article
Decreased Serum Decorin Levels Are Correlated with Aortic Stiffness as Assessed Using Carotid–Femoral Pulse Wave Velocity in Patients with Peritoneal Dialysis
by Yahn-Bor Chern, Po-Yu Huang, Yu-Li Lin, Chih-Hsien Wang, Jen-Pi Tsai and Bang-Gee Hsu
Life 2025, 15(4), 541; https://doi.org/10.3390/life15040541 - 26 Mar 2025
Viewed by 152
Abstract
In patients on chronic peritoneal dialysis (PD), aortic stiffness (AS) is a common cardiovascular condition that can predict cardiovascular events and mortality. Decorin is a small leucine-rich proteoglycan that plays a vital role in extracellular matrix organization and vascular remodeling. The relationship between [...] Read more.
In patients on chronic peritoneal dialysis (PD), aortic stiffness (AS) is a common cardiovascular condition that can predict cardiovascular events and mortality. Decorin is a small leucine-rich proteoglycan that plays a vital role in extracellular matrix organization and vascular remodeling. The relationship between decorin and AS in patients with PD remains unclear. We enrolled 140 patients on PD and collected their demographic, anthropometric, and biochemical data. Serum decorin levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Based on carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), a diagnosis of AS was established in 42 patients (30%), who were found to be of advanced age and showed higher prevalence rates of systolic blood pressure, diabetes, hypertension, triglyceride, fasting glucose, and lower decorin levels, compared with those who had no AS. After proper adjustment for confounding factors in the multivariable logistic regression model, AS development was associated with decorin, age, and triglyceride levels. Multivariable linear regression analysis showed that decorin, when subjected to logarithmic transformation, can be viewed as a significant independent predictor of cfPWV (β = −0.289; p < 0.001). Low decorin level was significantly and independently associated with AS in patients undergoing chronic PD. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Interdisciplinarity in Cardiovascular Diseases: From Pathophysiology to Diagnosis and Treatment: 3rd Edition)
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13 pages, 1974 KiB  
Article
NT-proBNP in Acute De Novo Heart Failure: A Key Biomarker for Predicting Myocardial Recovery—COMFE Registry
by Raquel López-Vilella, Inés Gómez-Otero, Víctor Donoso Trenado, David García-Vega, Óscar Otero-García, Luis Martínez Dolz, José Ramón González-Juanatey and Luis Almenar Bonet
Life 2025, 15(4), 526; https://doi.org/10.3390/life15040526 - 23 Mar 2025
Viewed by 501
Abstract
This study aims to analyze whether NT-proBNP at admission and discharge in de novo heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is associated with myocardial recovery. This is a prospective observational study in two centers. Patients admitted with de novo HFrEF between [...] Read more.
This study aims to analyze whether NT-proBNP at admission and discharge in de novo heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is associated with myocardial recovery. This is a prospective observational study in two centers. Patients admitted with de novo HFrEF between 2021 and 2023 were included. HF with improved ejection fraction (HFimpEF) was defined as an improvement of at least 10 points with an ejection fraction >40%. Of the 248 patients who were included, 63.3% met HFimpEF criteria at follow-up, with no differences in age or gender. There were no differences in NT-proBNP at admission, but there were at discharge, where its value was inversely associated with myocardial recovery (OR 0.99 for each increase in the square root of NT-proBNP, 95% CI 0.98–0.99, p = 0.048). An NT-proBNP > 10,000 pg/mL at discharge was independently associated with reduced ventricular recovery (OR 0.28, 95% CI 0.07–0.94, p = 0.043). A smaller reduction in NT-proBNP during admission decreased the probability of recovery (OR 0.13, 95% CI 0.03–0.61, p = 0.010). In conclusion, in admissions for de novo HFrEF, NT-proBNP at discharge is inversely associated with myocardial recovery; a level > 10,000 pg/mL is an independent predictor for a lack of recovery, while a greater reduction increases the likelihood of recovery. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Interdisciplinarity in Cardiovascular Diseases: From Pathophysiology to Diagnosis and Treatment: 3rd Edition)
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14 pages, 1426 KiB  
Article
Predictive Factors of Non-Elevation of Carcinoembryonic Antigen 125 in Acute Heart Failure
by Raquel López-Vilella, Francisco González-Vílchez, Borja Guerrero Cervera, Víctor Donoso Trenado, Zoser Saura Carretero, Julia Martínez-Solé, Sara Huélamo Montoro, Luis Martínez Dolz and Luis Almenar Bonet
Life 2025, 15(3), 494; https://doi.org/10.3390/life15030494 - 18 Mar 2025
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Abstract
This study aims to analyze the factors associated with the lack of carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA-125) elevation in cases of acute heart failure (HF) decompensation. This retrospective study was conducted on 3167 consecutive patients admitted for acute HF in the cardiology department of [...] Read more.
This study aims to analyze the factors associated with the lack of carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA-125) elevation in cases of acute heart failure (HF) decompensation. This retrospective study was conducted on 3167 consecutive patients admitted for acute HF in the cardiology department of a referral hospital (June 2019 to June 2024). Admissions from outpatient clinics (n: 1018) and transfers from other hospitals (n: 752) were excluded. The variables of interest included clinical, echocardiographic, therapeutic, and analytical factors. Low CA-125 levels were defined as values ≤ 50 U/mL. A total of 1397 patients were included, of whom 515 had normal CA-125 levels and 882 had elevated levels. Clinically, independent predictors of low CA-125 were sinus rhythm on electrocardiogram (OR: 1.42, 95% CI: 1.12–1.64; p: 0.003) and sleep apnea–hyponpnea syndrome (OR: 1.76, 95% CI: 1.15–2.70; p: 0.009). Echocardiographically, inferior vena cava collapse greater than 50% with inspiration was associated with low CA-125 (OR: 1.78, 95% CI: 1.19–2.69; p = 0.005), as well as with non-severe right ventricular dysfunction. (OR: 2.42; IC95%: 1.39–4.20; p: 0.002). Analytically, elevated NT-proBNP levels were associated with elevated CA-125 levels (OR: 0.99; IC95%: 0.99–0.99; p: 0.006). Survival was higher in the group with CA-125 ≤ 50 U/mL (p: 0.019). Conversely, as CA-125 values increased, mortality also rose. In conclusion, the absence of CA-125 elevation in patients admitted for acute HF is associated with sinus rhythm, sleep apnea–hyponpnea syndrome, low NT-proBNP levels, and inferior vena cava collapse greater than 50% with inspiration. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Interdisciplinarity in Cardiovascular Diseases: From Pathophysiology to Diagnosis and Treatment: 3rd Edition)
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11 pages, 619 KiB  
Article
The Risk of Ischemic Stroke in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Atrial Fibrillation
by Hsien-Lung Tsai, Chih-Chun Hsiao, Yu-Hsuan Chen, Wu-Chien Chien, Chi-Hsiang Chung, Chun-Gu Cheng and Chun-An Cheng
Life 2025, 15(2), 154; https://doi.org/10.3390/life15020154 - 22 Jan 2025
Viewed by 889
Abstract
Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) and ischemic stroke (IS) are intricately linked to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Patients who suffer from both COPD and AF demonstrate a 2.85-fold greater risk of IS. However, the long-term risk remains insufficiently explored. Methods: This study utilized [...] Read more.
Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) and ischemic stroke (IS) are intricately linked to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Patients who suffer from both COPD and AF demonstrate a 2.85-fold greater risk of IS. However, the long-term risk remains insufficiently explored. Methods: This study utilized data from the Taiwanese National Health Insurance dataset spanning 2000 to 2015. Patients who were newly diagnosed with COPD, identified using the International Classification of Disease, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification [ICD-9-CM] codes of 491, 492, and 496 and diagnosed with AF (ICD-9-CM code 427.3), were included in the study. The measured events included ISs (ICD-9-CM codes 433–437). Multivariate Cox proportional hazard models were employed to evaluate IS risk factors in this longitudinal analysis. Results: The combined presence of COPD and AF increased the risk of IS, with an adjusted hazard ratio of 5.722 (95% CI: 2.737–8.856, p < 0.001), AF without COPD with an adjusted HR of 3.506 (95% CI: 1.459–5.977, p < 0.001), and COPD with AF with an adjusted HR of 2.215 (95% CI: 1.099–3.538, p < 0.001) compared with patients without COPD and AF. Elderly patients exhibited a greater burden of cardiovascular comorbidities, including obstructive sleep apnea, thus further compounding the risk of IS. Conclusions: The coexistence of COPD and AF was associated with a markedly elevated risk of IS. The result highlights the additive and synergistic contributions of COPD and AF to the risk for IS. Aggressive treatment may mitigate the risk of IS. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Interdisciplinarity in Cardiovascular Diseases: From Pathophysiology to Diagnosis and Treatment: 3rd Edition)
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