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Comprehensively Understanding the Transformation of Paramagnetic Tetramer to Spin-Paired Dimer in an S = ½ Molecular Crystal
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Microscopic Analysis to Unravel the Mechanisms of Long-Range Magnetic Order in Mn(II) malonate
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Spin-Crossover Cobalt(II) Single-Ion Magnets in Molecular Spintronics and Quantum Computing Technologies
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A Trinuclear Co(II) Complex with a Tris-Dioxolene Non-Innocent Bridge: Redox, Magnetic, and Optical Behavior Interplay
Journal Description
Magnetochemistry
Magnetochemistry
is an international, peer-reviewed, open access journal on all areas of magnetism and magnetic materials published monthly online by MDPI.
- Open Access— free for readers, with article processing charges (APC) paid by authors or their institutions.
- High Visibility: indexed within Scopus, SCIE (Web of Science), Inspec, CAPlus / SciFinder, and other databases.
- Journal Rank: JCR - Q2 (Chemistry, Inorganic and Nuclear) / CiteScore - Q2 (Chemistry (miscellaneous))
- Rapid Publication: manuscripts are peer-reviewed and a first decision is provided to authors approximately 15.8 days after submission; acceptance to publication is undertaken in 2.9 days (median values for papers published in this journal in the second half of 2024).
- Recognition of Reviewers: reviewers who provide timely, thorough peer-review reports receive vouchers entitling them to a discount on the APC of their next publication in any MDPI journal, in appreciation of the work done.
Impact Factor:
2.6 (2023);
5-Year Impact Factor:
2.7 (2023)
Latest Articles
Impact of Compaction Pressure and Heat Treatment Temperature on the Performance of FeSiBCuNb/FeNi Soft Magnetic Composites
Magnetochemistry 2025, 11(4), 29; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry11040029 (registering DOI) - 3 Apr 2025
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FeSiBCuNb powders, produced via the gas–water atomization method, typically exhibit a broad particle size distribution and high sphericity. Nanocrystalline soft magnetic composites derived from these powders demonstrate exceptional service stability. In this study, a series of FeSiBCuNb/FeNi nanocrystalline magnetic powder cores (NMPCs) were
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FeSiBCuNb powders, produced via the gas–water atomization method, typically exhibit a broad particle size distribution and high sphericity. Nanocrystalline soft magnetic composites derived from these powders demonstrate exceptional service stability. In this study, a series of FeSiBCuNb/FeNi nanocrystalline magnetic powder cores (NMPCs) were fabricated under varying compaction pressures and heat treatment temperatures. The effects of these parameters on the soft magnetic properties were systematically analyzed. The findings reveal that optimizing compaction pressure and heat treatment temperature significantly enhances the density of the composite powders, leading to improved magnetic permeability and reduced core loss; when compaction pressure is 1800 MPa and heat treatment temperature is 550 °C, the NMPCs display outstanding magnetic properties with a low Hc of 6.32 Oe, high μe of 71.9, a low Pcv of 86.3 kW/m3 at 50 mT and 100 kHz, and 351.5 kW/m3 at 20 mT and 1000 kHz. Therefore, tailoring these processing conditions can enhance the soft magnetic performance of FeSiBCuNb nanocrystalline composites.
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Open AccessArticle
Impact of Magnetic Field on ROS Generation in Cu-g-C3N4 Against E. coli Disinfection Process
by
Elkin Darío C. Castrillon, Santiago Correa and Yenny P. Ávila-Torres
Magnetochemistry 2025, 11(4), 28; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry11040028 (registering DOI) - 3 Apr 2025
Abstract
The antibacterial activity of g-C3N4 and Cu-g-C3N4 was evaluated against E. coli, with their disinfection capabilities influenced by structural characteristics, photocatalytic properties, and modulation under a static magnetic field. The incorporation of Cu2+ does not
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The antibacterial activity of g-C3N4 and Cu-g-C3N4 was evaluated against E. coli, with their disinfection capabilities influenced by structural characteristics, photocatalytic properties, and modulation under a static magnetic field. The incorporation of Cu2+ does not significantly affect the (210) reflection in XRD analysis, indicating that the alignment of aromatic layers remains stable. However, the presence of copper enables complete disinfection, in contrast to graphitic carbon nitride, which achieves only partial disinfection. Cu2+ is likely positioned at N-aliphatic sites and coexists with hydroxylated species, which may influence photocatalytic performance by modifying reactant adsorption and ROS generation. SEM-EDS analysis confirmed that Cu2+ modification did not significantly alter the material’s morphology, although a 3% copper content was detected, suggesting a heterogeneous surface distribution. Thermodynamic analysis showed that exposure to a magnetic field increased the Gibbs free energy of adsorption from 6.34 J/m2 to 10.52 J/m2, reducing interactions with key reactants essential for ROS formation. As a result, both disinfection and photodegradation efficiency were significantly diminished. Additionally, the presence of a magnetic field was found to modify the surface properties of the material, affecting its photocatalytic performance. In Cu-C3N4 materials, a decrease in the contact angle suggests enhanced hydrophilicity, while an increase in surface tension may influence the adsorption of water and hydroxyl radicals. This study underscores the effect of a magnetic field on the photocatalytic behavior of materials deposited on polymeric substrates with intrinsic electronic properties, ultimately impacting overall disinfection efficiency.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Progress of Magnetic Field Effect on Catalysts)
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Open AccessArticle
Sustainable Phosphate Remediation via Hierarchical Mg-Fe Layered Double Hydroxides on Magnetic Biochar from Agricultural Waste
by
Xiuling Li, Lei Xin, Yuhan Peng, Shihao Zhang, Delong Guan and Jing Song
Magnetochemistry 2025, 11(4), 27; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry11040027 - 1 Apr 2025
Abstract
Addressing aquatic phosphate pollution requires advanced materials that combine high selectivity with recyclability. Here, we present a hierarchically structured composite integrating Mg-Fe layered double hydroxides (LDHs) with magnetic biochar derived from mulberry branches—an abundant agricultural byproduct. Through hydrothermal synthesis, the composite achieves a
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Addressing aquatic phosphate pollution requires advanced materials that combine high selectivity with recyclability. Here, we present a hierarchically structured composite integrating Mg-Fe layered double hydroxides (LDHs) with magnetic biochar derived from mulberry branches—an abundant agricultural byproduct. Through hydrothermal synthesis, the composite achieves a unique architecture combining Fe3O4-enabled magnetic recovery (2.63 emu·g−1 saturation) with LDHs’ anion exchange capacity and biochar’s porous network. Systematic characterization reveals phosphate capture mechanisms dominated by hydrogen bonding through deprotonated carboxyl groups, inner-sphere complexation with metal oxides, and interlayer anion exchange, enabling 99.22% phosphate removal at optimal conditions (pH 6, 25 °C). Crucially, the material demonstrates exceptional selectivity over competing Cl− and NO3− ions while maintaining 87.83% efficiency after three regeneration cycles via alkaline treatment. Kinetic and thermodynamic analyses confirm chemisorption-driven uptake aligned with pseudo-second-order kinetics (R2 > 0.9998) and Langmuir monolayer adsorption (7.72 mg·g−1 capacity). This waste-derived magnetic composite establishes a sustainable paradigm for eutrophication control, merging selective phosphate sequestration with energy-efficient recovery for circular water treatment applications.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of Magnetic Materials in Water Treatment)
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Open AccessArticle
Magnetic Relaxation in a Heterolanthanide Binuclear Complex Involving a Nitronyl Nitroxide Biradical
by
Yan Zhou, Junfang Xie, Chaoyi Jin, Yue Ma and Licun Li
Magnetochemistry 2025, 11(4), 26; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry11040026 - 31 Mar 2025
Abstract
The reaction of nitronyl nitroxide biradical NITPhMeImbis(5-(2-methylimidazole)-1,3-bis(1′-oxyl-3′-oxido-4′,4′,5′,5′-tetramethyl-4,5-hydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-benzene) with Dy(hfac)3 and La(hfac)3 (hfac = hexafluoroacetylacetonate) afforded a heterolanthanide complex [Dy0.56La1.44(hfac)7(NITPhMeImbisH)] (1). In this complex, the biradical NITPhMeImbis ligand chelates one Ln(III) ion
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The reaction of nitronyl nitroxide biradical NITPhMeImbis(5-(2-methylimidazole)-1,3-bis(1′-oxyl-3′-oxido-4′,4′,5′,5′-tetramethyl-4,5-hydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-benzene) with Dy(hfac)3 and La(hfac)3 (hfac = hexafluoroacetylacetonate) afforded a heterolanthanide complex [Dy0.56La1.44(hfac)7(NITPhMeImbisH)] (1). In this complex, the biradical NITPhMeImbis ligand chelates one Ln(III) ion via its two neighboring NO units and simultaneously binds the La(III) ion through another NO group to form a dinuclear structure. Direct current (dc) magnetic measurement shows the dominant ferromagnetic couplings in Complex 1. Spin dynamics studies exhibit visible frequency-dependent peaks of χ″ signals under a dc field evidenced by field-induced magnetic relaxation behavior, which is a combination of Orbach and QTM processes, giving the Ueff, τ0 and τQTM values of 15.14 K, 3.04 × 10−7 s and 3.61 × 10−4 s, respectively.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Magnetism: A Themed Issue in Honor of Professor Dai-Zheng Liao on the Occasion of His 85th Birthday)
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Open AccessArticle
Improving the Soft Magnetic Characteristics of Nanocrystalline Soft Magnetic Composites Through the Incorporation of Ultrafine FeSiAl Powders
by
Yanyan Song, Zhi Zhang, Shaoxiong Zhou, Ruibiao Zhang, Haichen Yu and Xiantao Li
Magnetochemistry 2025, 11(4), 25; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry11040025 - 30 Mar 2025
Abstract
Nanocrystalline powders, characterized by a biphasic amorphous nanocrystalline structure, demonstrate outstanding soft magnetic characteristics, including reduced coercivity (Hc), enhanced effective permeability (μe), and increased resistivity. However, their high hardness, poor formability, and significant core loss (P
[...] Read more.
Nanocrystalline powders, characterized by a biphasic amorphous nanocrystalline structure, demonstrate outstanding soft magnetic characteristics, including reduced coercivity (Hc), enhanced effective permeability (μe), and increased resistivity. However, their high hardness, poor formability, and significant core loss (Pcv) restrict their use in high-performance molded inductors. In this study, FeSiBCuNb/FeSiAl nanocrystalline soft magnetic composites (NSMCs) were fabricated, and the influence of varying the FeSiAl concentration on the microstructure, density, and soft magnetic characteristics of NSMCs was investigated. Then, the underlying mechanisms of these effects were explained. The results demonstrate that FeSiAl exhibits apparent deformation following compression, effectively filling the air gap between the FeSiBCuNb powder particles, thereby enhancing coupling among the magnetic particles. Consequently, the density of the NSMCs was enhanced, leading to a significant improvement in their overall soft magnetic properties. When 50 wt.% FeSiAl is added, the NSMCs display outstanding magnetic properties, including a low Hc of 4.36 Oe, a high μe of 48.7, a low Pcv of 119.35 kW/m3 at 50 mT and 100 kHz, and a high DC-bias performance of 73.29% at 100 Oe. Compared to NSMCs without FeSiAl, μe increased by 59.4% and Pcv decreased by 66.1%. Meanwhile, the incorporation of ultrafine FeSiAl powder was found to significantly improve the material properties, as the deformable FeSiAl particles effectively fill interparticle gaps during compaction, enhancing density and magnetic coupling. The 50 wt.% FeSiAl composition demonstrated exceptional properties. These advances address critical challenges in high-frequency power electronic applications and provide a practical material solution for next-generation power electronics.
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(This article belongs to the Section Magnetic Materials)
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Preparation, Characterization, and Application of Citrate-Functionalized Cobalt-Doped Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Rhodamine Dye and Lead Ion Sequestration
by
Sangeetha Jayakumar, Barid Baran Lahiri and Arup Dasgupta
Magnetochemistry 2025, 11(4), 24; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry11040024 - 29 Mar 2025
Abstract
The toxicity of hazardous dyes like rhodamine B and heavy metal ions like lead warrants the need for wastewater remediation. We describe here the functionalization of cobalt-doped iron oxide (Co0.1Fe2.9O4) magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) with citrate moieties for
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The toxicity of hazardous dyes like rhodamine B and heavy metal ions like lead warrants the need for wastewater remediation. We describe here the functionalization of cobalt-doped iron oxide (Co0.1Fe2.9O4) magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) with citrate moieties for the effective sequestration of rhodamine B dye and lead ions from contaminated water. Citrate-functionalized MNPs are prepared using a co-precipitation technique. For the uncoated MNPs, the hydrodynamic diameter and zeta potential are found to be 21 nm and ~45 ± 3.1 mV, respectively. The hydrodynamic diameters are found to increase to ~51, ~59, and ~68 nm for the MNPs functionalized with ~20, ~40, and ~60 mg/mL of citrate, respectively, whereas the corresponding zeta potentials are found to be ~−27.95 ± 3.5 mV, ~−32.5 ± 3.6 mV, and ~−33.9 ± 3.5 mV, respectively. The chemisorption of the citrate moieties over the MNPs cause the zeta potential to be negative, a phenomenon which is further verified from the citrate-specific absorption bands in the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of the surface-functionalized MNPs. UV-visible spectrophotometry is employed to probe the MNP-aided elimination of rhodamine B dye and lead ions from aqueous media, where the absorption bands at ~554 nm and ~375 nm (for lead (II)-5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole chelate) are utilized for quantitative analyses. These citrate-functionalized nanoparticles are found to successfully remove the toxic rhodamine B dye and lead ions from water, with removal efficiencies of ~93.7 ± 2.6% and ~90 ± 2.4%, respectively. The unbound -COO− functional groups of the citrate-functionalized MNPs electrostatically interact with the cationic rhodamine B dye or lead (II) ions, thereby leading to the adsorption onto the surface-functionalized MNPs and the subsequent magnetic-field-assisted removal. The experimental findings show the efficacy of the citrate-functionalized cobalt-doped iron oxide MNPs for the sequestration of dye pollutants and lead ions from contaminated water.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of Magnetic Materials in Water Treatment)
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Slow Relaxation of Magnetization and Magnetocaloric Effects in One-Dimensional Oxamato-Based Lanthanide(III) Coordination Polymers
by
Jhonny W. Maciel, Lucas H. G. Kalinke, Renato Rabelo, Meiry E. Alvarenga, Felipe Terra Martins, Nicolás Moliner and Danielle Cangussu
Magnetochemistry 2025, 11(4), 23; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry11040023 - 24 Mar 2025
Abstract
Herein, we present the synthesis and characterization of a series of isostructural lanthanide(III) compounds with the N-(4-carboxyphenyl)oxamic acid (H3pcpa) ligand of the general formula as {[Ln2(Hpcpa)3(H2O)5]}n [Ln = Dy(III) 1,
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Herein, we present the synthesis and characterization of a series of isostructural lanthanide(III) compounds with the N-(4-carboxyphenyl)oxamic acid (H3pcpa) ligand of the general formula as {[Ln2(Hpcpa)3(H2O)5]}n [Ln = Dy(III) 1, Ho(III) 2, Er(III) 3]. The structure of 3 consists of neutral zig–zag chains of Er(III) ions, with Hpcpa2– ligands acting as bridges in a bidentate/monodentate coordination mode with five water molecules achieving the eight-coordination around the two Er(III) ions within the repeating bis(carboxylate)-bridged dinuclear units along the chain. The magnetic and magnetocaloric properties were studied for 1–3. Compound 1 presents a field-induced slow relaxation of the magnetization with a “reciprocating thermal behavior” below 5 K for H = 0.25 T, while 2 shows maxima of the magnetic entropy from 3 up to 6 K for ΔH > 2 T.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Magnetic Coordination Compounds and More... a Long and Successful Story: A Tribute to M. Julve and F. Lloret)
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Open AccessCommunication
Design of Fe7S8@Lip Composite for the pH-Selective and Magnetically Targeted Programmed Release of H2S
by
Shenghua Wang, Hanlin Wei, Jialian Li, Ning Liu, Zhiming Deng and Junqing Huang
Magnetochemistry 2025, 11(3), 22; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry11030022 - 14 Mar 2025
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The significance of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) release in vivo is multifaceted. It functions as a crucial gaseous signaling molecule with extensive physiological and pathological impacts within organisms. To create novel H2S-releasing materials, we synthesized Fe7S8@Lip,
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The significance of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) release in vivo is multifaceted. It functions as a crucial gaseous signaling molecule with extensive physiological and pathological impacts within organisms. To create novel H2S-releasing materials, we synthesized Fe7S8@Lip, a slow-release gas nanocomposite, which exhibits stable and sustained H2S-release properties. Our gas releaser possesses selective H2S-release capabilities, and, notably, it can achieve effective H2S release under magnetic force with the assistance of a magnetic field. In conclusion, our findings indicate that Fe7S8@Lip can serve as an H2S slow-release nanocomposite, offering a potentially innovative approach for programmed H2S release in vivo.
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Open AccessArticle
Fast Calculations for the Magnetohydrodynamic Flow and Heat Transfer of Bingham Fluids with the Hall Effect
by
Ye Tian and Yi Liu
Magnetochemistry 2025, 11(3), 21; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry11030021 - 12 Mar 2025
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This study examines a mathematical model to represent the magnetohydrodynamic flow and heat transfer of Bingham fluids. The model is subject to a magnetic field’s influence and incorporates the modified energy equation derived from Fourier’s law. For numerical computation, we utilize the spectral
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This study examines a mathematical model to represent the magnetohydrodynamic flow and heat transfer of Bingham fluids. The model is subject to a magnetic field’s influence and incorporates the modified energy equation derived from Fourier’s law. For numerical computation, we utilize the spectral collocation method in conjunction with the algorithm to address this model. To minimize computational expenses, the sum-of-exponential technology is applied to efficiently solve the time-fractional coupled model. A specific example is provided to demonstrate the numerical method’s stability and the fast method’s efficiency. The results indicate that the numerical method converges with an accuracy of , and the fast method is highly effective in reducing computation times. Moreover, the parameters’ impacts on velocity and temperature are presented and discussed graphically. It is evident that as the Hall parameter increases, the peak velocity increases and the amplitude of temperature fluctuations gradually increases, although the peak temperature decreases. The Brinkman number has a significant impact on the heat transfer rate. Meanwhile, as the Hartmann number increases, the inhibitory effect of the magnetic field on the flow is amplified.
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Open AccessArticle
Chemical and Structural Versatility in the Copper/2,2′-Bipyrimidine/Iodide System: A Regular Alternating Mixed-Valent Cu(II)-Cu(I) Chain Showing Unusually Similar Metal Coordination Environments
by
Nadia Marino, Francesc Lloret, Miguel Julve and Giovanni De Munno
Magnetochemistry 2025, 11(3), 20; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry11030020 - 5 Mar 2025
Abstract
The reaction in reagent grade acetone of copper(II) nitrate hexahydrate, 2,2′-bipyrimidine (bpm) and potassium iodide in a 1:2:2 molar ratio afforded three different products: an unreduced Cu(II) species, a fully reduced Cu(I) species and a mixed-valent Cu(II)/Cu(I) species. Of these, only the unreduced
[...] Read more.
The reaction in reagent grade acetone of copper(II) nitrate hexahydrate, 2,2′-bipyrimidine (bpm) and potassium iodide in a 1:2:2 molar ratio afforded three different products: an unreduced Cu(II) species, a fully reduced Cu(I) species and a mixed-valent Cu(II)/Cu(I) species. Of these, only the unreduced Cu(II) complex of formula [CuII(bpm)3](I3)(I) (1) could be structurally characterized, the other two products being initially only isolated as amorphous powders. X-ray quality, beautifully shaped, quasi-black prismatic crystals of compound 2, namely {[CuI(I3)CuII(I)(bpm)2](I3)}n, and brick-reddish parallelepipeds of compound 3, namely {[CuI2 (μ-I)2(bpm)]}n, were successively obtained through the slow diffusion in H-shaped tubes of aqueous solutions of the three reagents, after extensive optimization of the crystallization conditions. Compound 1 consists of a rare tris(2,2′-bipyrimidine)copper(II) monomeric dication, charge balanced by both iodide and triiodide anions. Compound 3, whose structure as well as optical and photocatalytic properties were recently disclosed, consists of a regular alternating μ-bpm/di-μ-iodide copper(I) chain. Finally, compound 2 consists of a rare, regular alternating mixed-valent Cu(II)-Cu(I) μ-bpm copper chain, showing unusual similarities in the metal coordination environment. The magnetic properties of compound 2 remarkably reveal a very weak antiferromagnetic coupling between the paramagnetic Cu(II) ions which are well separated both intra- and inter-chain.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Magnetic Coordination Compounds and More... a Long and Successful Story: A Tribute to M. Julve and F. Lloret)
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Open AccessArticle
Study on the Influence of Hall Effect on the Performance of Disk Generation Channel
by
Linyong Li, Guang Wang, Yingke Liao, Qing Wu and Peijie Ning
Magnetochemistry 2025, 11(3), 19; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry11030019 - 4 Mar 2025
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Compared to the Faraday-type power generation channel structure, the disk-type power generation channel offers several advantages, including a simpler structure, higher enthalpy extraction efficiency, and greater power density. These features effectively reduce the requirements for magnetic systems, making it a priority development direction
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Compared to the Faraday-type power generation channel structure, the disk-type power generation channel offers several advantages, including a simpler structure, higher enthalpy extraction efficiency, and greater power density. These features effectively reduce the requirements for magnetic systems, making it a priority development direction for space nuclear magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) power generation channels. The disk power generation channel utilizes the Hall effect for power generation; however, the impact of the Hall effect on current distribution, plasma characteristics, conductivity, and other parameters within the disk-type power generation channel remains unclear. A mathematical model of a plasma MHD power generation channel was established using a He/Xe mixed gas as the working fluid. Numerical simulations were conducted to investigate the performance of the disk-shaped power generation channel under varying Hall parameters. The research findings indicate that a strong circular Faraday current forms near the anode, leading to significant anode erosion. The Hall effect significantly influences plasma stability, with stronger Hall effects resulting in reduced plasma stability. Conductivity between the electrodes gradually increases from the anode to the cathode, becoming more pronounced as the Hall effect intensifies. By enhancing the Hall effect, the enthalpy extraction rate is significantly improved, electrical efficiency asymptotically approaches 50%, and the overall performance of the power generation channel is substantially enhanced.
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Open AccessArticle
Failure Mechanisms of Ester-Based Magnetic Fluid Seals at High Speeds: Thermal Dissipation and Fluid Loss
by
Jixian Yang, Decai Li and Licong Jin
Magnetochemistry 2025, 11(2), 18; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry11020018 - 18 Feb 2025
Abstract
Magnetic fluid seals are well known for their zero-leakage performance but are limited at high rotational speeds due to heat generation and fluid loss. This study experimentally investigates the failure mechanisms of ester-based magnetic fluid seals at high speeds, specifically focusing on thermal
[...] Read more.
Magnetic fluid seals are well known for their zero-leakage performance but are limited at high rotational speeds due to heat generation and fluid loss. This study experimentally investigates the failure mechanisms of ester-based magnetic fluid seals at high speeds, specifically focusing on thermal dissipation and fluid loss. A custom-designed high-speed rotary seal test platform was developed, and experimental studies were conducted to evaluate sealing performance. Our results showed significant temperature increases and fluid loss at higher rotational speeds, with a noticeable fluid ejection phenomenon occurring at approximately 13.7 m/s, and the sealing gap temperature reached 92 °C at 9000 rpm under uncooled conditions. This study experimentally verified that the main failure mechanisms of magnetic fluid seals at high speeds are centrifugal force and thermal dissipation, and proposed future design directions. This research provides key insights into the failure of high-speed magnetic fluid seals and offers a potential approach for improved high-speed sealing performance.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ferrofluids: Electromagnetic Properties and Applications)
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Design of a 2–4 Decoder Based on All-Spin Logic and Magnetic Tunnel Junction
by
Sen Wang, Yongfeng Zhang and Dan Shan
Magnetochemistry 2025, 11(2), 17; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry11020017 - 15 Feb 2025
Abstract
A 2–4 decoder based on all-spin logic (ASL) and magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) is proposed. The decoder employs five-input minority gates to realize three-input NOR gates, which reduces the circuit size compared to the three-input minority gates. Simultaneously, the inputs of the original
[...] Read more.
A 2–4 decoder based on all-spin logic (ASL) and magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) is proposed. The decoder employs five-input minority gates to realize three-input NOR gates, which reduces the circuit size compared to the three-input minority gates. Simultaneously, the inputs of the original and reverse variables are implemented by initializing the MTJ fixed layer magnetization in different directions, which avoids the use of inverters. In addition, the 2–4 decoder adopts a single-input single-fan-out (SISF) structure, which reduces the channel length. To illustrate the advantages of the five-input minority gate, inverter-free structure, and SISF structures in designing the proposed 2–4 decoder, a second 2–4 decoder is proposed that uses three-input minority gates, inverters, and a single-input multiple-fan-out structure. Compared with the second decoder, the first decoder has the layout area reduced to 37.9%, the total channel length reduced to 40.8%, and the number of clock cycles reduced to one-third. Importantly, the design methods used in this work, such as multi-input minority gates, SISF structure, and inverter-free structure, provide an interesting approach for designing large-scale ASL logic circuits.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design and Application of Spintronic Devices)
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Er(III) and Yb(III) Complexes with a Tripodal Nitroxyl Radical: Magnetochemical Study and Ab Initio Calculations
by
Mauro Perfetti, Alexey A. Dmitriev and Kira E. Vostrikova
Magnetochemistry 2025, 11(2), 16; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry11020016 - 14 Feb 2025
Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the magnetic exchange interaction and magnetization dynamics of two new members of the [LnRad(NO3)3] family, where Rad is a tripodal nitroxide, and Ln is Er(III) or Yb(III), having the prolate type electron density. Single
[...] Read more.
In this paper, we investigate the magnetic exchange interaction and magnetization dynamics of two new members of the [LnRad(NO3)3] family, where Rad is a tripodal nitroxide, and Ln is Er(III) or Yb(III), having the prolate type electron density. Single OK crystal and powder X-ray diffraction studies showed that these complexes are isostructural with their previously investigated Y, Gd, Dy, Tm, Tb, Eu, and Lu congeners. A magnetometric investigation, supported by ab initio calculations, showed the presence of antiferromagnetic coupling between the lanthanide ion and the radical in both compounds with estimated J values of ≈7 and ≈20 cm−1 for Er and Yb, respectively (+J Seff∙ S formalism).
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Latest Research on the Magnetic Properties of Coordination Compounds)
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Open AccessCorrection
Correction: Atalay et al. Fabrication of a Portable Magnetic Microcantilever Using Fe40Ni38Mo4B18 Amorphous Ribbon and Its Application as a Humidity Sensor by Coating with TiO2 Nanotubes. Magnetochemistry 2024, 10, 98
by
Selçuk Atalay, Sema Erdemoglu, Hatice Çağlar Yılmaz, Emine Mete, Orhan Orcun Inan and Veli Serkan Kolat
Magnetochemistry 2025, 11(2), 15; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry11020015 - 13 Feb 2025
Abstract
In the original publication [...]
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Open AccessArticle
Development and Evaluation of Magnetite Loaded Alginate Beads Based Nanocomposite for Enhanced Targeted Analgesic Drug Delivery
by
Amrita Das, Prateep Sengupta, Shreya Chatterjee, Jasmina Khanam, Pranab Kumar Mondal, Eder Lilia Romero, Anton M. Manakhov, Sabu Thomas, Syed Mahmood and Kajal Ghosal
Magnetochemistry 2025, 11(2), 14; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry11020014 - 13 Feb 2025
Abstract
Iron oxide-based nanoparticles, such as magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), have gained significant attention in the area of drug delivery due to their unique magnetic properties, allowing for precise targeting and controlled release of therapeutic agents. Several successful research studies were reported with combinations of
[...] Read more.
Iron oxide-based nanoparticles, such as magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), have gained significant attention in the area of drug delivery due to their unique magnetic properties, allowing for precise targeting and controlled release of therapeutic agents. Several successful research studies were reported with combinations of magnetic nanoparticles and polysaccharides such as sodium alginate, chitosan, cellulose, etc. The presented research work is based on synthesising MNPs via the co-precipitation method and their successful encapsulation within alginate beads, serving as a promising drug delivery system for aceclofenac, a model drug. The physical and chemical characteristics of both the prepared magnetite nanoparticles and the aceclofenac-loaded MNPs alginate beads were thoroughly examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). Furthermore, a drug release study was conducted to evaluate the release kinetics of aceclofenac from the prepared MNP alginate beads. The magnetic characteristics of magnetite and MNP beads shed light on the potential application of novel drug delivery systems for magnetically targeted therapeutic interventions. The present research offers valuable insights into the development of magnetic nanoparticle-based drug carriers, paving the way for enhanced drug delivery strategies in the field of pharmaceutical sciences.
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(This article belongs to the Section Applications of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials)
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Synthesis of Magnetic Nanoparticles Coated with Human Serum Albumin and Loaded by Doxorubicin
by
Kirill Petrov, Elena Ryabova, Elena Dmitrienko and Alexey Chubarov
Magnetochemistry 2025, 11(2), 13; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry11020013 - 13 Feb 2025
Abstract
Magnetic iron oxide (II,III) nanoparticles (MNPs) are highly interested in biomedicine. However, their application is limited by oxidation, aggregation, rapid clearance from the body, and poor biodistribution. Coating by human serum albumin (HSA), the predominant blood plasma protein, can significantly influence properties, prolong
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Magnetic iron oxide (II,III) nanoparticles (MNPs) are highly interested in biomedicine. However, their application is limited by oxidation, aggregation, rapid clearance from the body, and poor biodistribution. Coating by human serum albumin (HSA), the predominant blood plasma protein, can significantly influence properties, prolong circulation half-life, and enhance tumor capture efficiency. Here, we report the synthesis of oleic acid and Tween20-coated MNPs and their interaction with HSA. The influence of albumin coating on MNP size, zeta potential, aggregation ability, and toxicity was studied. The particles were characterized by dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy methods. The nanoparticles’ relaxivities (r1 and r2) were assessed under a magnetic field of 1.88 T to evaluate their performance in MRI applications. The anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) loading capacity of up to 725 µg/mg for albumin-coated MNPs was determined. DOX-loaded MNPs displayed pH-sensitive drug release during acidic conditions. The series of DOX-loaded nanocomposites indicated inhibition of A549 cell lines, and the IC50 values were evaluated. This research underscores the utility of HSA-coated MNPs in enhancing the efficacy and stability of drug delivery systems in biomedicine.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fundamentals and Applications of Novel Functional Magnetic Materials)
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An Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Semiconducting Quantum Spin Liquid Candidate: (BEDT-TTF)3[Cu2(μ-C2O4)3·CH3CH2OH·1.2H2O]
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Bin Zhang, Yan Zhang, Dongwei Wang, Zheming Wang, Guangcai Chang, Zengqiang Gao, Yanjun Guo, Fen Liu, Zhijuan Zhao, Xiaoyu Zhang, Baolong Qu, Peng Xu, Jiaou Wang, Fenliang Dong, Tongling Liang, Yang Sun, Deliang Yang, Qiaolian Li, Xiaofei Luo, Rongjuan Feng, Mei Liu and Xueying Zhangadd
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Magnetochemistry 2025, 11(2), 12; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry11020012 - 12 Feb 2025
Abstract
The organic–inorganic hybrid (BEDT-TTF)3[Cu2(μ-C2O4)3·CH3CH2OH·1.2H2O] (I) was obtained using the electrocrystallization method. It comprises a θ21-phase organic donor layer and a two-dimensional inorganic antiferromagnetic
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The organic–inorganic hybrid (BEDT-TTF)3[Cu2(μ-C2O4)3·CH3CH2OH·1.2H2O] (I) was obtained using the electrocrystallization method. It comprises a θ21-phase organic donor layer and a two-dimensional inorganic antiferromagnetic honeycomb lattice. Cu(II) is octahedrally coordinated by three bisbidenetate oxalates, exhibiting Jahn–Teller distortion. CH3CH2OH and H2O molecules are located within the cavities of the honeycomb lattice. The total formal charge of the three donor molecules was assigned to be +2 based on the bond lengths in the TTF core, which corresponded to the Raman spectra. It is a semiconductor with σrt = 0.04 S/cm and Eα = 40 meV. No long-range ordering was observed above 2 K from zero-field cooling/field cooling magnetization, as confirmed by specific heat measurements. The spin frustration with f > 10 from the antiferromagnetic copper-oxalate-framework was observed. It is a candidate quantum spin liquid.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Magnetism: A Themed Issue in Honor of Professor Dai-Zheng Liao on the Occasion of His 85th Birthday)
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Magnetic Anisotropy and Slow Magnetic Relaxation in Two Mononuclear Octahedral Cobalt(II) Complexes
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Hui-Hui Cui, Dou-Zun Wang, Shixiang Li, Leixin Wang, Xinrui Yu, Xiancong Liu, Jin Wang, Miao Wang and Yanfeng Tang
Magnetochemistry 2025, 11(2), 11; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry11020011 - 11 Feb 2025
Abstract
Two mononuclear octahedral Co(II) complexes, [Co(L)X2] (L = 1-(prop-2-en-1-yl)-1H-imidazole, X = NCS− (1) and NCSe− (2)), have been synthesized and characterized. The central Co(II) ions in two complexes adopt an octahedral geometry, coordinated
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Two mononuclear octahedral Co(II) complexes, [Co(L)X2] (L = 1-(prop-2-en-1-yl)-1H-imidazole, X = NCS− (1) and NCSe− (2)), have been synthesized and characterized. The central Co(II) ions in two complexes adopt an octahedral geometry, coordinated by four N atoms from the ligand and two N atoms from the anion. Direct-current magnetic data revealed large easy-plane magnetic anisotropy in both 1 and 2. Dynamic magnetic measurements demonstrated that 1 and 2 display field-induced slow magnetic relaxation. For 1 and 2, the Raman mechanism is found to the dominant process in the whole temperature range. Compared to 1, the magnetic relaxation of 2 is faster, likely due to the presence of the hydrogen bonding system in 2.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Magnetism: A Themed Issue in Honor of Professor Dai-Zheng Liao on the Occasion of His 85th Birthday)
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Positive and Negative Exchange Bias in N-, P- and Q-Type Ferri-Magnets of Niccolite Metal Formates [CH3NH2CH3]n[CrIII1−xFeIIIxFeII(HCO2)6]n
by
Yu Zhou, Zhaoquan Yao, Na Li, Fuchen Liu, Jiongpeng Zhao and Xianhe Bu
Magnetochemistry 2025, 11(2), 10; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry11020010 - 11 Feb 2025
Abstract
Exchange bias (EB) materials, whose magnetization curve can shift along the field axis after field cooling, have attracted tremendous attention and play a crucial role in the development of fundamental physics as well as practical applications of magnetization storage. In this work, the
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Exchange bias (EB) materials, whose magnetization curve can shift along the field axis after field cooling, have attracted tremendous attention and play a crucial role in the development of fundamental physics as well as practical applications of magnetization storage. In this work, the N-, P-, and Q-type ferrimagnets of Néel’s notation were realized in mixed valence metal formates [CH3NH2CH3]n[CrIII1−xFeIIIxFeII(HCO2)6]n by altering x, respectively. The positive and negative EB was found in N- and P-type ferrimagnets. The exchange anisotropy originates from the antiferromagnetic exchange interaction between the uncompensated spin of the host ferrimagnetic lattice and the pinned compensated spin of the antiferromagnetic clusters as a guest, which is rooted in the valence disorder of the iron ions.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Magnetism: A Themed Issue in Honor of Professor Dai-Zheng Liao on the Occasion of His 85th Birthday)
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