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Microorganisms
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Gut Microbiota and Gastroenterology
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Gut Microbiota and Gastroenterology

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Gut Microbiota".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 6026

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Antonio Gasbarrini

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Dean of the Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy
2. Chief of the Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive Diseases, CEMAD, Gastroenterology Department, Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
Interests: digestive diseases; inflammatory bowel diseases; digestive cancer; gut microbiota, internal medicine
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear colleagues,

 The gastrointestinal tract is inhabited by trillions of microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi which cooperate with each other to generate a complex organ called gut microbiota. Therefore, the balance between the various microbial species is fundamental for maintaining health, both gastrointestinal and not. Indeed, gut microbiota is involved in maintaining the regular functioning of intestinal barrier, in the development of the immune system and others.

 Several factors, such as diet, lifestyle, and drugs (mainly antibiotics), can alter the physiological balance between microbial species. The disruption of “healthy” microbiota promotes the development of several diseases. 

 The role of microbes in various gastrointestinal diseases has been hypothesized since the last century. However, only in the last few decades, thanks to the development of metagenomic sequencing techniques and proteomics studies, has it been possible to identify specific correlations between microbial alterations and gastrointestinal disease. To date, a slew of evidence is available mainly for disorders of the bowel or colon, but also for stomach, liver, and pancreas diseases. Even more important are the therapeutic perspectives that will continue to be obtained from the modulation of the microbiota, in particular with antibiotics, probiotics or fecal microbiota transplantation.

 The aim of this Special Issue is to report recent evidence on the role of the gut microbiota in gastrointestinal diseases, focusing on the critical analysis on the pathophysiological role and on therapeutic perspectives.

Prof. Antonio Gasbarrini
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Microorganisms is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Gut microbiota
  • Probiotics
  • Antibiotics
  • Fecal microbiota transplantation
  • H. pylori
  • Gastritis
  • Celiac disease
  • Gastroenteritis
  • C. difficile
  • Diarrhea
  • Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
  • Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
  • Colon cancer
  • Non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)
  • Chronic hepatitis
  • Pancreatitis
  • Malabsorption

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 660 KiB  
Article
Sex-Specific Associations between Gut Microbiome and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease among Urban Chinese Adults
by Jiajun Shi, Yaohua Yang, Wanghong Xu, Hui Cai, Jie Wu, Jirong Long, Qiuyin Cai, Wei Zheng, Charles R. Flynn, Xiao-Ou Shu and Danxia Yu
Microorganisms 2021, 9(10), 2118; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9102118 - 8 Oct 2021
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 2164
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been linked to altered gut microbiome; however, evidence from large population-based studies is limited. We compared gut microbiome profiles of 188 male and 233 female NAFLD cases with 571 male and 567 female controls from two longitudinal [...] Read more.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been linked to altered gut microbiome; however, evidence from large population-based studies is limited. We compared gut microbiome profiles of 188 male and 233 female NAFLD cases with 571 male and 567 female controls from two longitudinal studies of urban Chinese adults. History of NAFLD was assessed during surveys administered in 2004–2017. Microbiota were assessed using 16S rRNA sequencing of stool samples collected in 2015–2018. Associations of NAFLD with microbiome diversity and composition were evaluated by generalized linear or logistic regression models. Compared with controls, male cases had lower microbial α-diversity, higher abundance of genera Dialister and Streptococcus and Bifidobacterium species, lower abundance of genus Phascolarctobacterium, and lower prevalence of taxa including order RF39 (all p < 0.05). In contrast, female cases had higher α-diversity, higher abundance of genus Butyricimonas and a family of order Clostridiales, lower abundance of Dialister and Bifidobacterium species, and higher prevalence of RF39. Significant NAFLD–sex interactions were found for α-diversity and above taxa (all false discovery rate < 0.1). In conclusion, we observed sex-specific gut microbiome features related to history of NAFLD. Further studies are needed to validate our findings and evaluate the health effects of NAFLD-related gut microbiota. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gut Microbiota and Gastroenterology)
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Review

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11 pages, 301 KiB  
Review
Chronic Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction: Is There a Connection with Gut Microbiota?
by Giulia Radocchia, Bruna Neroni, Massimiliano Marazzato, Elena Capuzzo, Simone Zuccari, Fabrizio Pantanella, Letizia Zenzeri, Melania Evangelisti, Francesca Vassallo, Pasquale Parisi, Giovanni Di Nardo and Serena Schippa
Microorganisms 2021, 9(12), 2549; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9122549 - 10 Dec 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3424
Abstract
Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO) is a rare clinical syndrome characterized by severe impairment of gastrointestinal (GI) motility, and its symptoms are suggestive of partial or complete intestinal obstruction in the absence of any lesion restricting the intestinal lumen. Diagnosis and therapy of CIPO [...] Read more.
Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO) is a rare clinical syndrome characterized by severe impairment of gastrointestinal (GI) motility, and its symptoms are suggestive of partial or complete intestinal obstruction in the absence of any lesion restricting the intestinal lumen. Diagnosis and therapy of CIPO patients still represent a significant challenge for clinicians, despite their efforts to improve diagnostic workup and treatment strategies for this disease. The purpose of this review is to better understand what is currently known about the relationship between CIPO patients and intestinal microbiota, with a focus on the role of the enteric nervous system (ENS) and the intestinal endocrine system (IES) in intestinal motility, underling the importance of further studies to deeply understand the causes of gut motility dysfunction in these patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gut Microbiota and Gastroenterology)
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