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Molecules in 2025

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2025) | Viewed by 1145

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Francisco Leon

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
Interests: natural products chemistry; synthesis of natural products; medicinal chemistry; alkaloids
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Xuefeng Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
Interests: metal hydrides; hydrogen bridge bonding; matrix isolation; infrared spectroscopy; computational chemistry; Raman spectroscopy; hydrogen energy chemistry and materials; hydrogen evolution reaction
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Maurizio Battino

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Odontostomatologic and Specialized Clinical Sciences, Sez-Biochimica, Faculty of Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Ranieri 65, 60100 Ancona, Italy
Interests: nutrition; periodontal diseases/periodontitis; oxidative stress; nutrition; aging; mitochondrial function and diseases; berries (strawberry, blueberry, bilberry, cranberry, etc.); olive oil (dietary fats); honey; polyphenols; flavonoids; antioxidants; apoptosis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Thanks to our readers, innumerable authors, anonymous peer reviewers, editors, and all others contributing in some way to the journal, Molecules has achieved an IF which currently stands at 4.2. In 2025, the 30th volume of our journal is due to be published.

To kick-start another consecutive year of excellence, a Special Issue entitled “Molecules in 2025” is being launched. The purpose of this Special Issue is to collect high-quality original research and review articles in all within the scope of Molecules. The Special Issue aims to include the work of the Editors-in-Chief, Editorial Board Members, Guest Editors, affiliated societies members, authors, and reviewers of Molecules. The submission deadline will be 31 March 2025. We warmly welcome all research groups to contribute their up-to-date works in this exciting upcoming publication.

Dr. Francisco Leon
Prof. Dr. Xuefeng Wang
Prof. Dr. Maurizio Battino
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Molecules is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • organic chemistry
  • medicinal chemistry
  • natural products
  • inorganic chemistry
  • physical chemistry
  • materials science
  • nanoscience
  • catalysis
  • chemical biology
  • analytical chemistry
  • supramolecular chemistry
  • theoretical chemistry
  • green chemistry
  • photochemistry

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  • Greater discoverability: Special Issues support the reach and impact of scientific research. Articles in Special Issues are more discoverable and cited more frequently.
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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Related Special Issues

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 5492 KiB  
Article
Sesquiterpene Coumarin Ethers and Phenylpropanoids from the Roots of Ferula drudeana, the Putative Anatolian Ecotype of the Silphion Plant
by Fadıl Kaan Kuran, Sarath P. D. Senadeera, Dongdong Wang, Ji-Yeon Hwang, Ekaterina Goncharova, Jennifer Wilson, Antony Wamiru, Brice A. P. Wilson, Nathanael Pruett, Lin Du, Chuong D. Hoang, John A. Beutler and Mahmut Miski
Molecules 2025, 30(9), 1916; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30091916 - 25 Apr 2025
Abstract
Four new sesquiterpene coumarin ethers (1–4) and a new phenylpropanoid compound (5) were isolated from a hexane extract of the roots of Ferula drudeana, the putative Anatolian ecotype of the silphion plant, in addition to nineteen [...] Read more.
Four new sesquiterpene coumarin ethers (1–4) and a new phenylpropanoid compound (5) were isolated from a hexane extract of the roots of Ferula drudeana, the putative Anatolian ecotype of the silphion plant, in addition to nineteen previously described sesquiterpene coumarins (6–24) and four known phenylpropanoid derivatives (25–28). The structures of these compounds were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis and computational studies. The cytotoxic activities of all isolated compounds were evaluated on renal, malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) and colon cancer cell lines. While 11 sesquiterpene coumarin derivatives showed strong-to-moderate cytotoxic activity against the UO31 renal cancer cell line, 13 compounds showed strong cytotoxic activity against the MPM cell line, and four sesquiterpene coumarin derivatives displayed moderate cytotoxic activity against the colon cancer cell line. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecules in 2025)
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15 pages, 1352 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Pork Meat Cooked with Two Different Methods
by Chiara Conchione, Silvia Socal, Laura Barp and Sabrina Moret
Molecules 2025, 30(9), 1886; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30091886 - 23 Apr 2025
Abstract
During domestic grilling, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which include genotoxic and carcinogenic compounds, can be produced as a result of fat pyrolysis, leakage of cellular juices onto the heat source, and incomplete combustion of fuel. This study aimed to assess the formation of [...] Read more.
During domestic grilling, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which include genotoxic and carcinogenic compounds, can be produced as a result of fat pyrolysis, leakage of cellular juices onto the heat source, and incomplete combustion of fuel. This study aimed to assess the formation of PAHs in pork neck cooked using two different grilling methods (traditional flat grill with beech charcoal and asado grill with beech wood flame) under controlled conditions, with cooking stopping at a core temperature of 72 °C. The impact of marinating and cooking speed (fast or slow) was also evaluated over three cooking sessions. After grilling, the meat samples underwent microwave-assisted extraction, purification through solid-phase extraction (SPE), and analysis using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) with spectrofluorometric detection. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA (R software, version 4.3.0). None of the samples exceeded the legal limits for benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) and PAH4 (sum of chrysene, benzo[a]anthracene, BaP, and benzo[b]fluoranthene). However, the asado grill showed a significantly higher average PAH contamination (1.21 µg/kg of BaP and 3.92 µg/kg of PAH4) compared with the traditional grill (0.22 µg/kg of BaP and 1.71 µg/kg of PAH4). Marinating and cooking speed did not have a significant impact on PAH levels. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecules in 2025)
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12 pages, 4120 KiB  
Article
Inhibiting Escherichia coli Growth by Optimized Low-Power Microwave Irradiation—Delivery of Ag and Au Nanoparticles
by Yukie Yokota, Nazuna Itabashi, Mari Kawaguchi, Hiroshi Uchida, Nick Serpone and Satoshi Horikoshi
Molecules 2025, 30(9), 1871; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30091871 - 22 Apr 2025
Abstract
In a ground-breaking recent study, we unveiled the remarkable cellular uptake of 60 nm ZnO and TiO2 nanoparticles by NIH/3T3 mouse skin fibroblasts under microwave irradiation. Even more stimulating is our current demonstration of the potent ability of Ag nanoparticles (147 nm) [...] Read more.
In a ground-breaking recent study, we unveiled the remarkable cellular uptake of 60 nm ZnO and TiO2 nanoparticles by NIH/3T3 mouse skin fibroblasts under microwave irradiation. Even more stimulating is our current demonstration of the potent ability of Ag nanoparticles (147 nm) and Au nanoparticles (120 nm) to stifle the growth of Escherichia coli (E. coli—a prokaryote whose cells lack a membrane-bound nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles), vastly smaller than the NIH/3T3 cells, when exposed to significantly optimized low-power microwave irradiation conditions. Our rigorous assessment of the method’s effectiveness involved scrutinizing the growth rate of E. coli bacteria under diverse conditions involving silver and gold nanoparticles. This indisputably underscores the potential of microwave–nanoparticle interactions in impeding bacterial proliferation. Furthermore, our noteworthy findings on the uptake of fluorescent organosilica nanoparticles by E. coli cells following brief, repeated microwave irradiation highlight the bacteria’s remarkable ability to assimilate extraneous substances. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecules in 2025)
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17 pages, 9147 KiB  
Article
Media Composition Effects on Hairy Root Biomass and Tetrandrine Production in Stephania tetrandra
by Chia-Hung Kuo, Hsuan-Chieh Liu, Parushi Nargotra, Hsiao-Sung Chan, Hsin-Der Shih and Yung-Chuan Liu
Molecules 2025, 30(8), 1859; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30081859 - 21 Apr 2025
Abstract
Stephania tetrandra S. MOORE, a medicinal plant, is recognized for tetrandrine production, which is extensively accepted for its therapeutic benefits. However, the slow growth of S. tetrandra limits tetrandrine’s availability, which can be addressed by in vitro hairy root cultivation using Rhizobium rhizogenes [...] Read more.
Stephania tetrandra S. MOORE, a medicinal plant, is recognized for tetrandrine production, which is extensively accepted for its therapeutic benefits. However, the slow growth of S. tetrandra limits tetrandrine’s availability, which can be addressed by in vitro hairy root cultivation using Rhizobium rhizogenes and optimization of medium components. The present study attempted the three-step optimization of three components of woody plant medium (ammonium nitrate, calcium nitrate, and sucrose), including two-level factorial design, path of steepest ascent (PSA), and central composite design (CCD) to obtain high hairy root biomass and tetrandrine production. The CCD-based optimization for enhanced hairy root biomass resulted in a hairy root biomass of 9.75 g dw/L at optimal concentrations of ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3), calcium nitrate (Ca(NO3)2), and sucrose of 631.96 mg/L, 651 mg/L, and 41.35 g/L, respectively. The optimal concentration of 550.31 mg/L, 862.88 mg/L, and 25.89 g/L for NH4NO3, Ca(NO3)2, and sucrose, respectively, obtained after CCD analysis for enhanced tetrandrine production led to the maximum tetrandrine of 70.48 mg/L. Medium optimization resulted in a 1.47-fold increase in hairy root biomass and a 1.37-fold increase in tetrandrine production under individually optimized conditions. The present study findings confirmed the important role of process optimization for enhanced product yield. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecules in 2025)
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13 pages, 616 KiB  
Article
Triacylglycerol Composition of Seed Oil from Corema album Berries
by Carmen Martín-Cordero, Enrique Martinez-Force, Nuria Acero de Mesa, Dolores Muñoz-Mingarro and Antonio J. León-González
Molecules 2025, 30(4), 914; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30040914 - 16 Feb 2025
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Abstract
The seeds of Corema album are considered a by-product in fruit processing. This study aimed to determine the oil contents in seeds and characterize their triacylglycerol contents through a comparative analysis using three extraction solvent systems: hexane (Soxhlet method), hexane–isopropanol (Hara–Radin method), and [...] Read more.
The seeds of Corema album are considered a by-product in fruit processing. This study aimed to determine the oil contents in seeds and characterize their triacylglycerol contents through a comparative analysis using three extraction solvent systems: hexane (Soxhlet method), hexane–isopropanol (Hara–Radin method), and methanol–chloroform–water (Bligh–Dyer method). The extracts were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and HPLC. The composition of fatty acids and triacylglycerols was determined, as were the allocation of fatty acids across the sn-2 and sn-1,3 positions, tocopherol and tocotrienol profile, and melting behavior through differential scanning calorimetry. Furthermore, the atherogenicity (IA) and thrombogenicity (IT) cardiovascular health indices were also calculated. The oil predominantly contained unsaturated fatty acids, and α-linolenic acid made up 45.8% of the total, along with a reduced n-6/n-3 fatty acid ratio (0.75). The α-linolenoyl chain primarily occupied the sn-1,3 (45.9%) and sn-2 (39.1%) positions. γ-tocotrienol was the most abundant tocochromanol. The melting curve of oil suggests the presence of fractions with a low melting point, composed of triacylglycerols containing polyunsaturated fatty acids. The oil exhibits low values for IA and IT of 0.05 and 0.04, respectively. Corema seed oil has potential health benefits thanks to its rich composition in the essential fatty acid, α-linolenic acid, the low proportion of n-6/n-3 fatty acids, and the low values of IA and IT. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecules in 2025)
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