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Neurology International
Special Issues
Emerging Issues in Vascular Cognitive Impairment
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Emerging Issues in Vascular Cognitive Impairment

A special issue of Neurology International (ISSN 2035-8377).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2024 | Viewed by 4026

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Dragos Catalin Jianu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Head of the First Division of Neurology, Department of Neurosciences, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, E. Murgu Sq., no. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
2. Head of the Centre for Cognitive Research in Neuropsychiatric Pathology (NeuroPsy-Cog), First Division of Neurology, Department of Neurosciences, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 156 L. Rebreanu Ave., 300723 Timisoara, Romania
3. Head of the First Department of Neurology, “Pius Branzeu” Clinical Emergency County Hospital, 156 L. Rebreanu Ave., 300723 Timisoara, Romania
Interests: ischemic stroke and extra and transcranial Doppler sonography; cerebral venous thrombosis, neuro-ophthalmology and color Doppler imaging of orbital vessels; vascular aphasias; vascular cognitive impairment; Parkinson’s disease
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Dafin Fior Muresanu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Department of Neurosciences, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj Napoca, Romania
2. RoNeuro Institute for Neurological Research and Diagnostic, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Interests: cerebrovascular diseases; neurodegenerative diseases; traumatic brain injury; brain protection and recovery; neurorehabilitation; neuroimmunology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Jean Claude Sadik

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Head of the Service de Neuroradiologie Diagnostique, Hôpital Fondation Rothschild, 29 rue Manin, 75019 Paris, France
Interests: stroke; cerebral venous thrombosis; neuro-ophthalmology and color Doppler imaging of cerebral and orbital vessels; noninvasive explorations of large-artery diseases/extra and transcranial Doppler sonography
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) represents a heterogeneous group of cognitive disorders (varying from mild cognitive impairment, MCI, to dementia) that have a supposed vascular origin (determined by stroke). It contains the complete field of cognitive alterations greater than expected for normal aging, attributed to ischemic or hemorrhagic cerebral strokes. VCI patients that do not meet the criteria for dementia can be categorized as VCI without dementia, vascular cognitive impairment without dementia (vascular CIND), or vascular mild cognitive impairment (vascular MCI). It is imperative to remark that, unlike Alzheimer’s disease (AD), VCI itself is not a disease but rather the form of appearance of the multifaceted connections between different vascular risk factors, cerebrovascular disease (CVD) etiologies (e.g., cardioembolic, large-vessel disease, small vessel disease, hemorrhagic), and morphological changes within the brain and their effects on cognition. VCI can be prevented and treated by vigilant identification and treatment of vascular risk factors (VRFs), as well as by lowering the risk of stroke with the appropriate treatment.

This Special Issue of Neurology International (Neurolint) (IF=3.0) includes, but is not limited to, the following topics:

  1. Cognitive disorders (including aphasias);
  2. Cerebrovascular disease (including cerebral veins and dural sinus thrombosis);
  3. Mild cognitive impairment;
  4. Vascular cognitive impairment (including vascular aphasias);
  5. Other types of dementia;
  6. Management of vascular cognitive impairment (VCI).

I am pleased to invite you to submit an article covering experimental and clinical research, a systematic review, or a meta-analysis.

Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the Special Issue website.

Prof. Dr. Dragos Catalin Jianu
Prof. Dr. Dafin Fior Muresanu
Dr. Jean Claude Sadik
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Neurology International is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • cognitive disorders
  • cerebrovascular diseases
  • mild cognitive impairment
  • vascular cognitive impairment (VCI)
  • other types of dementia
  • management of VCI

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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10 pages, 1265 KiB  
Article
Evolution of Cognitive Disorders in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) After Ischemic Stroke: Secondary Data Analysis from the Improved Health Care in Neurology and Psychiatry—Longer Life (IHCNP) Study
by Dragoș-Cătălin Jianu, Ligia Petrica, Traian Flavius Dan, Georgiana Munteanu, Bianca Bora, Sergiu Florin Arnăutu, Sorin Ursoniu, Diana Chira, Ștefan Strilciuc, Cristian Falup-Pecurariu and Dafin Fior Mureșanu
Neurol. Int. 2024, 16(6), 1626-1635; https://doi.org/10.3390/neurolint16060118 - 21 Nov 2024
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Abstract
Background: The Improved Health Care in Neurology and Psychiatry—Longer Life (IHCNP) study was an 18-month prospective, observational, non-interventional research study focused on patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) following ischemic stroke. Objectives: Our secondary analysis of the IHCNP data aimed to document the [...] Read more.
Background: The Improved Health Care in Neurology and Psychiatry—Longer Life (IHCNP) study was an 18-month prospective, observational, non-interventional research study focused on patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) following ischemic stroke. Objectives: Our secondary analysis of the IHCNP data aimed to document the progression of MCI in this patient group. Methods: A total of 100 patients from Romania were recruited, all of whom underwent cognitive assessments using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT). Clinical evaluations were also conducted as part of the study. Baseline cognitive scores were recorded, and subsequent follow-ups documented cognitive changes over time. Results: At baseline, cognitive scores indicated mild impairment, with averages of MMSE 25.41, MoCA 23.27, and RAVLT 33.63. By the end of the study, patients exhibited a significant cognitive decline, with MMSE scores dropping by 8.7%, MoCA by 10.0%, and RAVLT by 29.5% (p < 0.0001 for all measures), reflecting the progressive nature of MCI post-stroke. Conclusions: These findings highlight the importance of early diagnosis and intervention to mitigate cognitive decline in post-stroke patients. The study underscores the need for ongoing cognitive monitoring to improve patient outcomes and manage MCI progression effectively. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Issues in Vascular Cognitive Impairment)
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12 pages, 519 KiB  
Article
Risk of Stroke or Heart Attack in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Subjective Cognitive Impairment
by Michele Lauriola, Luigi Esposito, Grazia D’Onofrio, Filomena Ciccone, Annamaria la Torre, Filomena Addante, Annagrazia Cocomazzi, Leandro Cascavilla, Olga Ariano, Gaetano Serviddio and Antonio Greco
Neurol. Int. 2024, 16(6), 1528-1539; https://doi.org/10.3390/neurolint16060113 - 19 Nov 2024
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Abstract
Background: The study aimed to identify Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) as an alert clinical manifestation of increased probability of major acute vascular events (MVEs), such as Ischemic Stroke and heart attack. Methods: In a longitudinal study, 181 (M = 81, F = 100; [...] Read more.
Background: The study aimed to identify Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) as an alert clinical manifestation of increased probability of major acute vascular events (MVEs), such as Ischemic Stroke and heart attack. Methods: In a longitudinal study, 181 (M = 81, F = 100; mean age of 75.8 ± 8.69 years) patients were enrolled and divided into three groups based on diagnosis: Subjective Cognitive Impairment (SCI), amnestic MCI Single Domain (aMCI-SD), and amnestic MCI More Domain (aMCI-MD). Clinical assessment and the presence of vascular risk factors were collected. Results: The distribution of MVEs showed a higher incidence in the first two years of follow-up of 7.4% in SCI, 12.17% in aMCI-SD, and 8.57% in aMCI-MD. Acute Myocardial Infarction showed a major incidence in one year of follow-up (41%) and in two years of follow-up (29%). Also, Ischemic Stroke showed a major incidence in one year of follow-up (30%) and in two years of follow-up (40%). A statistically significant difference in the progression to dementia was shown (SCI 3.75%; aMCI-SD 10.43%; aMCI-MD 37%; p-value < 0.001). Conclusions: MCI is considered an expression of the systemic activation of mechanisms of endothelial damage, representing a diagnosis predictive of increased risk of MVEs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Issues in Vascular Cognitive Impairment)
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Review

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16 pages, 769 KiB  
Review
Processing Speed and Attentional Shift/Mental Flexibility in Patients with Stroke: A Comprehensive Review on the Trail Making Test in Stroke Studies
by Anna Tsiakiri, Foteini Christidi, Dimitrios Tsiptsios, Pinelopi Vlotinou, Sofia Kitmeridou, Paschalina Bebeletsi, Christos Kokkotis, Aspasia Serdari, Konstantinos Tsamakis, Nikolaos Aggelousis and Konstantinos Vadikolias
Neurol. Int. 2024, 16(1), 210-225; https://doi.org/10.3390/neurolint16010014 - 23 Jan 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2812
Abstract
The Trail Making Test (TMT) is one of the most commonly administered tests in clinical and research neuropsychological settings. The two parts of the test (part A (TMT-A) and part B (TMT-B)) enable the evaluation of visuoperceptual tracking and processing speed (TMT-A), as [...] Read more.
The Trail Making Test (TMT) is one of the most commonly administered tests in clinical and research neuropsychological settings. The two parts of the test (part A (TMT-A) and part B (TMT-B)) enable the evaluation of visuoperceptual tracking and processing speed (TMT-A), as well as divided attention, set-shifting and cognitive flexibility (TMT-B). The main cognitive processes that are assessed using TMT, i.e., processing speed, divided attention, and cognitive flexibility, are often affected in patients with stroke. Considering the wide use of TMT in research and clinical settings since its introduction in neuropsychological practice, the purpose of our review was to provide a comprehensive overview of the use of TMT in stroke patients. We present the most representative studies assessing processing speed and attentional shift/mental flexibility in stroke settings using TMT and applying scoring methods relying on conventional TMT scores (e.g., time-to-complete part A and part B), as well as derived measures (e.g., TMT-(B-A) difference score, TMT-(B/A) ratio score, errors in part A and part B). We summarize the cognitive processes commonly associated with TMT performance in stroke patients (e.g., executive functions), lesion characteristics and neuroanatomical underpinning of TMT performance post-stroke, the association between TMT performance and patients’ instrumental activities of daily living, motor difficulties, speech difficulties, and mood statue, as well as their driving ability. We also highlight how TMT can serve as an objective marker of post-stroke cognitive recovery following the implementation of interventions. Our comprehensive review underscores that the TMT stands as an invaluable asset in the stroke assessment toolkit, contributing nuanced insights into diverse cognitive, functional, and emotional dimensions. As research progresses, continued exploration of the TMT potential across these domains is encouraged, fostering a deeper comprehension of post-stroke dynamics and enhancing patient-centered care across hospitals, rehabilitation centers, research institutions, and community health settings. Its integration into both research and clinical practice reaffirms TMT status as an indispensable instrument in stroke-related evaluations, enabling holistic insights that extend beyond traditional neurological assessments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Issues in Vascular Cognitive Impairment)
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