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Medical Nutrition Therapy for the Prevention and Management of Diabetes

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Dr. Osama Hamdy

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Guest Editor

1. Joslin Diabetes Center, Adult Diabetes, One Joslin Place, Boston, MA 02215, USA
2. Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
Interests: obesity; medical nutrition; weight management; diabetes remission; cardiovascular outcomes; diabetes technology
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Dr. Adham Mottalib

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Guest Editor

1. Joslin Diabetes Center, Adult Diabetes Clinic, One Joslin Place, Boston, MA 02215, USA
2. Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
Interests: obesity; medical nutrition; weight management; type 1 diabetes; type 2 diabetes

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Medical Nutrition Therapy (MNT) plays a crucial role in the prevention and management of diabetes. Together with proper eating patterns, MNT therapy improves glycemic control, enhances insulin sensitivity, and supports weight management.

The macronutrient and micronutrient compositions of healthy dietary plans are essential in targeting every aspect of the disease. Strategies that include managing carbohydrate intake, lowering glycemic index, incorporating fiber-rich foods, adopting certain eating patterns, or adding specific micronutrients have been shown to improve glycemic control.

Weight management is also a significant component of MNT, particularly for individuals who are overweight or obese. Weight loss, even as little as 5–10%, can significantly improve insulin sensitivity and glycemic control, as well as reducing the risk of diabetes-related complications. Through personalized dietary interventions and ongoing support from healthcare professionals, individuals with diabetes can achieve better health outcomes.

We welcome original research and review articles.

Dr. Osama Hamdy
Dr. Adham Mottalib
Guest Editors

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21 pages, 641 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A 6-Month mHealth Low-Carbohydrate Dietary Intervention Ameliorates Glycaemic and Cardiometabolic Risk Profile in People with Type 2 Diabetes

by Despina Kolivas, Liz Fraser, Ronald Schweitzer, Peter Brukner and George Moschonis

Nutrients 2025, 17(6), 937; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17060937 - 7 Mar 2025

Viewed by 1090

Abstract

Aim: Mobile health (mHealth) applications have been reported to be effective in improving glycaemic control and cardiometabolic health, but mainly as part of shorter-term intervention studies. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of the ongoing Defeat Diabetes mHealth low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) intervention on clinical markers and cardiometabolic risk after 6 months of intervention. Methods: Data were collected via primary care physicians as part of routine T2D monitoring. These included HbA1c (primary outcome), blood pressure, blood lipids, and markers of kidney and liver function. Anthropometrics, as well as changes in the prescription of diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidaemia medication, were also recorded. Calculated variables, total cholesterol to HDL-c, triglyceride to HDL-c, and waist to height ratios, were analysed to examine changes in cardiometabolic risk profile. Three-day food records were used to assess dietary intake and intervention adherence. Univariate regression models examined changes from baseline to 6 months. Results: Ninety-four participants remained in the study out of the ninety-nine at baseline (mean age 59 ± 11 years, 55 females). After 6 months of intervention, there were significant reductions in HbA1c by −1.0% (95% CI: −1.3 to −0.6), as well as in the liver enzymes ALT (−9.3 U/L 95% CI −16.3 to −2.4) and GGT (−18.8 U/L 95% CI: −31.4 to −6.3) across the cohort. In addition, there was a significant reduction in cardiometabolic risk, as measured by the calculated variables and a decrease in waist circumference (−4.6 cm 95% CI: −8.9 to −0.2). Conclusions: People with T2D receiving LCD education and resources through the Defeat Diabetes mHealth app (version 3.3.8) improved their glycaemic control after 6 months of intervention. Cardiometabolic risk profile and liver function also showed significant improvement. These findings indicate that the use of an LCD digital app is a valuable adjunct in the management of T2D. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Medical Nutrition Therapy for the Prevention and Management of Diabetes)

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