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The Critical Role of Nutrition in Aging-Related Hormonal Changes and Metabolic Diseases

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition and Metabolism".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 December 2024 | Viewed by 2068

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea
Interests: lipid metabolism; metabolic disorder of post-menopausal women; free radical research; diabetes; obesity; sexual hormonal changes
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The human body experiences various metabolic changes as aging progresses. In general, after the age of 50, whether male or female, various metabolic changes, including energy metabolism, bone metabolism, and muscle loss, tend to occur in the human body due to hormonal changes. Especially in women, hormonal changes, such as decreased levels of estrogen and increased levels of circulating androgens, can lead to the development of cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome, including type 2 diabetes, osteoporosis, and inflammatory diseases. In men, it is accompanied by a decrease in testosterone, which has been reported to have effects on skeletal, muscle, and adipose tissue as well as cardiovascular, immune, and nervous systems. Testosterone exerts its effects by binding to androgen receptors expressed in numerous tissues throughout the body. The aging process in men causes testosterone levels to decrease over time. Additional research is needed to determine optimal testosterone and androgen levels for protection against frailty and chronic age-related diseases such as osteoporosis. The prevalence of metabolic diseases and osteoporosis increases after menopause in women and after age 50 in men due to hormonal changes, which can have a negative impact on health. Therefore, in order to prevent various metabolic diseases and relieve symptoms due to aging and hormonal changes, up-to-date research, including research on nutrients and food-derived compounds, dietary therapy, functional foods, epidemiological investigations, and molecular biological mechanisms, is needed.

We ask for the cooperation of researchers to contribute to improving the quality of life of mankind through nutrition.

Dr. Seong-Hee Maria Ko
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • aging
  • hormonal changes
  • menopause
  • andropause
  • metabolism
  • metabolic disease
  • inflammation
  • osteoporosis
  • nutrients
  • dietary therapy
  • functional foods

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 1431 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of the Potential Beneficial Effects of Ferula communis L. Extract Supplementation in Postmenopausal Discomfort
by Roberta Macrì, Jessica Maiuolo, Federica Scarano, Vincenzo Musolino, Annalisa Fregola, Micaela Gliozzi, Cristina Carresi, Saverio Nucera, Maria Serra, Rosamaria Caminiti, Antonio Cardamone, Anna Rita Coppoletta, Sara Ussia, Giovanna Ritorto, Valeria Mazza, Ezio Bombardelli, Ernesto Palma, Carolina Muscoli and Vincenzo Mollace
Nutrients 2024, 16(16), 2651; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16162651 - 11 Aug 2024
Viewed by 886
Abstract
Peri-menopausal discomfort can have a detrimental effect on the physical health of women due to physiological and behavioral changes. Estrogen and progesterone-based hormone therapy can alleviate menopausal symptoms, but estrogen supplementation may have negative health effects. The effectiveness of hormone replacement therapy using [...] Read more.
Peri-menopausal discomfort can have a detrimental effect on the physical health of women due to physiological and behavioral changes. Estrogen and progesterone-based hormone therapy can alleviate menopausal symptoms, but estrogen supplementation may have negative health effects. The effectiveness of hormone replacement therapy using natural compounds for peri-menopausal disorders is still uncertain. Evidence from in vivo experiments indicates that Ferula L. extract in ovariectomized rats leads to better sexual behavior. The effect seems to be linked to the phytoestrogenic properties of ferutinin, the primary bioactive compound in the extract. The purpose of this study was to assess the clinical impact of Ferula communis L. extract (titrated at 20% ferutinin, and given at doses of 100 mg/die for 90 days) on the quality of life of 64 menopausal women. The clinical trial was randomized, double-blind, and placebo controlled. Our data showed that Ferula communis L. extract reduced by 67 + 9% all symptoms associated to postmenopausal discomfort and enhanced significantly sexual behavior. In addition, the supplement led to a significant improvement of BMI and oxidative stress decrease in the women who received it, while also keeping platelet aggregation within normal levels. Overall, these results could point to the potential use of supplementation with Ferula communis L. extract to revert or mitigate menopause dysfunction. Full article
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Review

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15 pages, 777 KiB  
Review
Effects of Heat Stress-Induced Sex Hormone Dysregulation on Reproduction and Growth in Male Adolescents and Beneficial Foods
by Seong-Hee Ko
Nutrients 2024, 16(17), 3032; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16173032 - 8 Sep 2024
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Abstract
Heat stress due to climate warming can significantly affect the synthesis of sex hormones in male adolescents, which can impair the ability of the hypothalamus to secrete gonadotropin-releasing hormone on the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis, which leads to a decrease in luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating [...] Read more.
Heat stress due to climate warming can significantly affect the synthesis of sex hormones in male adolescents, which can impair the ability of the hypothalamus to secrete gonadotropin-releasing hormone on the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis, which leads to a decrease in luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone, which ultimately negatively affects spermatogenesis and testosterone synthesis. For optimal spermatogenesis, the testicular temperature should be 2–6 °C lower than body temperature. Heat stress directly affects the testes, damaging them and reducing testosterone synthesis. Additionally, chronic heat stress abnormally increases the level of aromatase in Leydig cells, which increases estradiol synthesis while decreasing testosterone, leading to an imbalance of sex hormones and spermatogenesis failure. Low levels of testosterone in male adolescents lead to delayed puberty and incomplete sexual maturation, negatively affect height growth and bone mineral density, and can lead to a decrease in lean body mass and an increase in fat mass. In order for male adolescents to acquire healthy reproductive capacity, it is recommended to provide sufficient nutrition and energy, avoid exposure to heat stress, and provide foods and supplements to prevent or repair testosterone reduction, germ cell damage, and sperm count reduction caused by heat stress so that they can enter a healthy adulthood. Full article
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