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The Effect of Phytochemical and Vitamin Adjuvants on Neurodevelopment

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Micronutrients and Human Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 August 2024) | Viewed by 1393

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 97, 95124 Catania, Italy
Interests: physiopathology; respiratory diseases
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 97, 95124 Catania, Italy
Interests: physio-pathology; immunology; micronutrients
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 97, 95124 Catania, Italy
Interests: immunology; degenerative diseases; nutrients
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Neurodevelopment is a complicated process by which the brain establishes neurological pathways responsible for normal brain functioning such as learning, focusing, memories, and social skills. The development of brain structures and functions has a precise temporal plane and genetics plays a leading role. Deficits in neurodevelopmental processes are typically characterized by disorders that can affect motor activities and/or cognitive functions. It is known that malnutrition has a very heavy effect on brain structures leading to alterations in the number of neurons, affecting their ability to migrate, the formation of neuronal connections and neurotransmission.

In particular, research has shown the profound impact of vitamin deficiency on health, which includes a wide range of findings. The consequences of inadequate vitamin intake can extend over a wide spectrum, ranging from relatively mild neurological and psychiatric symptoms, such as confusion, decreased memory and disruptions of sleep patterns, the development of serious conditions such as encephalopathy, ataxia, congestive heart failure, muscle atrophy, and, in severe cases, even mortality. Emerging evidence suggests that interventions such as phytochemical and vitamin supplementation could serve as a potential means to mitigate or prevent neuro-evolutionary deficits.

Then, this Special Issue on nutrients, titled “The Effect of Phytochemical and Vitamin Adjuvants on Neurodevelopment” will welcome research that highlights the relationship between nutrition and its integration with development learning, communication and motor disorders, to identify new therapeutic objectives in the field of neurodevelopment.

Dr. Maria Stella Valle
Dr. Cristina Russo
Prof. Dr. Lucia Malaguarnera
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • vitamins
  • phytochemicals
  • neurodevelopment assessments
  • intestinal microbiota
  • malnutrition
  • maternal health outcomes
  • offspring

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

22 pages, 3628 KiB  
Review
Beneficial Effects of Manilkara zapota-Derived Bioactive Compounds in the Epigenetic Program of Neurodevelopment
by Cristina Russo, Maria Stella Valle, Floriana D’Angeli, Sofia Surdo, Salvatore Giunta, Antonio Carlo Barbera and Lucia Malaguarnera
Nutrients 2024, 16(14), 2225; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16142225 - 11 Jul 2024
Viewed by 1118
Abstract
Gestational diet has a long-dated effect not only on the disease risk in offspring but also on the occurrence of future neurological diseases. During ontogeny, changes in the epigenetic state that shape morphological and functional differentiation of several brain areas can affect embryonic [...] Read more.
Gestational diet has a long-dated effect not only on the disease risk in offspring but also on the occurrence of future neurological diseases. During ontogeny, changes in the epigenetic state that shape morphological and functional differentiation of several brain areas can affect embryonic fetal development. Many epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation, histone modifications, chromatin remodeling, and non-coding RNAs control brain gene expression, both in the course of neurodevelopment and in adult brain cognitive functions. Epigenetic alterations have been linked to neuro-evolutionary disorders with intellectual disability, plasticity, and memory and synaptic learning disorders. Epigenetic processes act specifically, affecting different regions based on the accessibility of chromatin and cell-specific states, facilitating the establishment of lost balance. Recent insights have underscored the interplay between epigenetic enzymes active during embryonic development and the presence of bioactive compounds, such as vitamins and polyphenols. The fruit of Manilkara zapota contains a rich array of these bioactive compounds, which are renowned for their beneficial properties for health. In this review, we delve into the action of each bioactive micronutrient found in Manilkara zapota, elucidating their roles in those epigenetic mechanisms crucial for neuronal development and programming. Through a comprehensive understanding of these interactions, we aim to shed light on potential avenues for harnessing dietary interventions to promote optimal neurodevelopment and mitigate the risk of neurological disorders. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Effect of Phytochemical and Vitamin Adjuvants on Neurodevelopment)
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