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Nutrients
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Diet, Inflammation and Metabolic Complications
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Diet, Inflammation and Metabolic Complications

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition and Obesity".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 5 January 2025 | Viewed by 4440

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Prasanth Puthanveetil

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pharmacology, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA
Interests: metabolism; metabolic signaling; drug targets; immunopharmacology; infections; inflammation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Abeer M. Mahmoud

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
Interests: cardiovascular disease; obesity; diabetes; metabolic disease; vascular biology; exercise physiology; molecular biology; pathology; nutrition; epigenetics; translational research; dietary interventions; biomarkers; chemoprevention; cancer biology; racial disparity; clinical trials
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In this Special Issue, we would like to focus on the role of diet, particularly dietary components and factors that could lead to an obesity epidemic and are associated with systemic metabolic complications, or that can be potentially used as a therapeutic for treating obesity and its associated complications. Genetic factors, a sedentary lifestyle, and habits such as smoking and drinking contribute to metabolic issues, but in this Special Issue we would like to primarily focus on the role of diet. The moment humans are born, we must carry out the task of feeding to meet the body’s metabolic needs. In fact, a healthy diet is known to improve the quality of life and improve life span in comparison to malnutrition due to a lack of a proper diet. How and when a diet or dietary component can turn out to be a ravager of systemic health and metabolic homeostasis is understudied. At the same time, certain types of diet sor dietary components can be the savior against metabolic complications. Besides factors such as genetics, aging, lifestyle, and habits, our Special Issue will focus on the dual role of diet and dietary components in regulating metabolic complications. We are welcoming submissions that are original articles, brief reports, or review articles that have a basic science and translational focus.

Articles on plant or herbal extracts, or specific isolated components that demonstrate potential therapeutic benefits or contribute towards the pathophysiology of systemic complications are also welcome to be submitted to this Special Issue series. The focus can be on either overall systemic complications or can target organ-specific pathology, or it can be on treatments using specific diets or dietary components. This Special Issue will bring more clarity to the role of diet and dietary components in regulating obesity and metabolic complications.

Dr. Prasanth Puthanveetil
Dr. Abeer M. Mahmoud
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • diet
  • dietary components
  • nutraceuticals
  • metabolic complications
  • obesity
  • dietary fibers
  • dietary phytochemicals
  • special diets

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 4027 KiB  
Article
Soy Protein Concentrate Diets Inversely Affect LPS-Binding Protein Expression in Colon and Liver, Reduce Liver Inflammation, and Increase Fecal LPS Excretion in Obese Zucker Rats
by Wei Li and Reza Hakkak
Nutrients 2024, 16(7), 982; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16070982 - 28 Mar 2024
Viewed by 1058
Abstract
Dietary soy protein and soy isoflavones have anti-inflammatory properties. Previously, we reported that feeding soy protein concentrate diet (SPC) with low or high isoflavone (LIF or HIF) to young (seven-week-old) obese (fa/fa) Zucker rats inhibits lipopolysaccharide (LPS) translocation and decreases liver inflammation compared [...] Read more.
Dietary soy protein and soy isoflavones have anti-inflammatory properties. Previously, we reported that feeding soy protein concentrate diet (SPC) with low or high isoflavone (LIF or HIF) to young (seven-week-old) obese (fa/fa) Zucker rats inhibits lipopolysaccharide (LPS) translocation and decreases liver inflammation compared to a casein control (CAS) diet. The current study investigated whether SPC-LIF and SPC-HIF diets would reduce liver inflammation in adult obese Zucker rats fed a CAS diet. A total of 21 six-week-old male obese (fa/fa) Zucker rats were given CAS diet for 8 weeks to develop obesity then randomly assigned to CAS, SPC-LIF, or SPC-HIF (seven rats/group) diet for an additional 10 weeks. The expression of LPS-translocation, inflammation, and intestinal permeability markers were quantified by qPCR in liver, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), and colon. LPS concentration was determined in both the colon content and fecal samples by a Limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) test. SPC-LIF and SPC-HIF diets significantly decreased liver LPS-binding protein (LBP) expression compared to CAS diet (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively). SPC-HIF diet also significantly decreased liver MCP-1 and TNF-α expression (p < 0.05) and had a trend to decrease liver iNOS expression (p = 0.06). In the colon, SPC-HIF diet significantly increased LBP expression compared to CAS diet (p < 0.05). When samples from all three groups were combined, there was a negative correlation between colon LBP expression and liver LBP expression (p = 0.046). SPC diets did not alter the expression of intestinal permeability markers (i.e., occludin, claudin 3, and zonula occludens-1) in the colon or inflammation markers (i.e., TNF-α and iNOS) in VAT or the colon. LPS levels in the colon content did not differ between any groups. Fecal LPS levels were significantly higher in the SPC-LIF and SPC-HIF groups compared to the CAS group (p < 0.01). In conclusion, SPC, particularly SPC with HIF, reduces liver LBP expression and inflammation makers (i.e., TNF-α and MCP-1 expression) in adult obese Zucker rats, likely by reducing LPS translocation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diet, Inflammation and Metabolic Complications)
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11 pages, 1017 KiB  
Article
Association between Vitamin D Deficiency and Clinical Parameters in Men and Women Aged 50 Years or Older: A Cross-Sectional Cohort Study
by Ji Hyun Lee, Ye An Kim, Young Sik Kim, Young Lee and Je Hyun Seo
Nutrients 2023, 15(13), 3043; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15133043 - 5 Jul 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1794
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is increasingly prevalent on a global scale and is connected to chronic health issues including diabetes, obesity, and inflammation. This study aimed to investigate the association between VDD and various clinical parameters including glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), body mass index [...] Read more.
Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is increasingly prevalent on a global scale and is connected to chronic health issues including diabetes, obesity, and inflammation. This study aimed to investigate the association between VDD and various clinical parameters including glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), body mass index (BMI), and inflammatory markers. This cross-sectional cohort study included Korean men and women aged 50 years and older (290 men, 125 women); VDD was classified as serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels below 20 ng/mL. Vitamin D deficiency was more prevalent in men (64.5%) compared to that in women (35.2%). Men with VDD had higher fat mass and HbA1c levels, lower muscle strength, and worse physical performance. Among women, VDD was associated with higher BMI, HbA1c, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and creatinine levels. In women, 25(OH)D levels exhibited an inverse relationship with HbA1c, BMI, and TNF-α concentrations. However, there were no differences in the levels of interleukin-6 and interleukin-1 beta according to vitamin D status in both men and women. Vitamin D deficiency is linked to higher HbA1c, BMI, and inflammatory markers in older Korean women, thus warranting the maintenance of sufficient vitamin D levels for overall health. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diet, Inflammation and Metabolic Complications)
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Review

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14 pages, 287 KiB  
Review
Anaemia in India and Its Prevalence and Multifactorial Aetiology: A Narrative Review
by D. Ian Givens, Seetha Anitha and Carlotta Giromini
Nutrients 2024, 16(11), 1673; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16111673 - 29 May 2024
Viewed by 920
Abstract
The prevalence of anaemia in India remains high in children, especially those in rural areas, and in women of childbearing age, and its impairment of neurological development can have serious lifelong effects. It is concerning that the most recent official data (2019–21) indicate [...] Read more.
The prevalence of anaemia in India remains high in children, especially those in rural areas, and in women of childbearing age, and its impairment of neurological development can have serious lifelong effects. It is concerning that the most recent official data (2019–21) indicate an increased prevalence compared with 2015–16. There is also considerable variability in childhood anaemia between Indian states with socioeconomic factors, such as wealth and education contributing to the risk of anaemia among adolescent women and their children. Dietary iron deficiency is often regarded as the main contributor to anaemia but increasing evidence accumulated from the authors’ ongoing literature database coupled with recent literature research suggests that it has a multifactorial aetiology, some of which is not related to nutrition. This narrative review focused on these multifactorial issues, notably the contribution of vitamin B12/folate deficiency, which also has a high prevalence in India. It was also noted that the dietary intake of bioavailable iron remains an important contributor for reducing anaemia, and the role of millets as an improved iron source compared to traditional staple cereals is briefly discussed. The overall conclusion is that anaemia has a multifactorial aetiology requiring multifactorial assessment that must include assessment of vitamin B12 status. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diet, Inflammation and Metabolic Complications)
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