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Pharmaceuticals
Special Issues
Extracellular Vesicles and Bionanovesicles in Cell-Free Therapies and Drug delivery
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Extracellular Vesicles and Bionanovesicles in Cell-Free Therapies and Drug delivery

A special issue of Pharmaceuticals (ISSN 1424-8247). This special issue belongs to the section "Pharmaceutical Technology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 December 2022) | Viewed by 10056

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Ramya Lakshmi Rajendran

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
Interests: extracellular vesicles; regerative medicine; wound healing; cell-based cancer therapies and tyrosine kinase inhibitor
Dr. Prakash Gangadaran

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biomedical Science & Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
Interests: oral cancer; extracellular vesicles; molecular and nuclear imaging; wound healing; cell-based cancer therapies and tyrosine kinase inhibitor
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Extracellular vesicles (EVs: exosomes, microvesicles) are the membrane vesicles released by most types of cells. Bionanovesicles (exosome mimetics/nanovesicles) are engineered vesicles from cells. Recent studies show that EVs/mimetics/nanovesicles that are derived/engineered from cells have different functions and therapeutic effects. Numerous studies reported that these EVs and bionanovesicles can efficiently deliver many different kinds of cargo to the target cell. Therefore, they are often used to deliver therapeutic cargo for treatment. Therapeutics, such as small molecules or nucleic acid drugs, can be incorporated into exosomes and then delivered to specific types of cells or tissues to realize targeted drug delivery. EVs and bionanovesicles hold promise for cell-free therapies and drug delivery for a wide range of diseases.

We cordially invite you to present your excellent EV- or bionanovesicles-based therapies and drug delivery research discoveries to this Special Issue, for the wider scientific and academic community.

In this Special Issue, entitled “Extracellular Vesicles and Bionanovesicles In Cell-Free Therapies and Drug Carriers”, we would like to present a collection of articles, such as reviews and systematic reviews, original papers, and clinical trials.

 

Dr. Ramya Lakshmi Rajendran
Dr. Prakash Gangadaran
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Pharmaceuticals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • extracellular vesicles and exosomes
  • microvesicles exosome mimetics/bionanovesicles
  • nano-carrier/drug-carrier
  • bioactive proteins
  • nucleotides (mRNA, miRNA, and siRNA)
  • small molecule drugs
  • targeting
  • disease

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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21 pages, 6756 KiB  
Article
Identification of Angiogenic Cargoes in Human Fibroblasts-Derived Extracellular Vesicles and Induction of Wound Healing
by Prakash Gangadaran, Eun Jung Oh, Ramya Lakshmi Rajendran, Hyun Mi Kim, Ji Min Oh, Suin Kwak, Chae Moon Hong, Kang Young Choi, Ho Yun Chung and Byeong-Cheol Ahn
Pharmaceuticals 2022, 15(6), 702; https://doi.org/10.3390/ph15060702 - 2 Jun 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2620
Abstract
A complete redevelopment of the skin remains a challenge in the management of acute and chronic wounds. Recently, the application of extracellular vesicles (EVs) for soft tissue wound healing has received much attention. As fibroblasts are fundamental cells for soft tissues and skin, [...] Read more.
A complete redevelopment of the skin remains a challenge in the management of acute and chronic wounds. Recently, the application of extracellular vesicles (EVs) for soft tissue wound healing has received much attention. As fibroblasts are fundamental cells for soft tissues and skin, we investigate the proangiogenic factors in human normal fibroblast-derived EVs (hNF-EVs) and their effects on wound healing. Normal fibroblasts were isolated from human skin tissues and characterized by immunofluorescence (IF) and Western blotting (WB). hNF-EVs were isolated by ultracentrifugation and characterized using transmission electron microscopy and WB. The proangiogenic cargos in hNF-EVs were identified by a TaqMan assay and a protein array. Other in vitro assays, including internalization assays, cell counting kit-8 analysis, scratch wound assays, WBs, and tube formation assays were conducted to assess the effects of hNF-EVs on fibroblasts and endothelial cells. A novel scaffold-free noninvasive delivery of hNF-EVs with or without fibrin glue was applied onto full-thickness skin wounds in mice. The wound healing therapeutical effect of hNF-EVs was assessed by calculating the rate of wound closure and through histological analysis. Isolated hNF was confirmed by verifying the expression of the fibroblast markers vimentin, αSMA, Hsp70, and S100A4. Isolated hNF-EVs showed intact EVs with round morphology, enriched in CD81 and CD63, and devoid of the cell markers GM130, Calnexin, and Cytochrome C. Our TaqMan assay showed that hNF-EVs were enriched in miR130a and miR210, and protein arrays showed enriched levels of the proangiogenic proteins’ vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-D and CXCL8. Next, we found that the internalization of hNF-EVs into hNF increased the proliferation and migration of hNF, in addition to increasing the expression of bFGF, MMP2, and αSMA. The internalization of hNF-EVs into the endothelial cells increased their proliferation and tube formation. A scaffold-free noninvasive delivery of hNF-EVs with or without fibrin glue accelerated the wound healing rate in full-thickness skin wounds in mice, and the treatments increased the cellular density, deposition, and maturation of collagens in the wounds. Moreover, the scaffold-free noninvasive delivery of hNF-EVs with or without fibrin glue increased the VEGF and CD31 expression in the wounds, indicating that hNF-EVs have an angiogenic ability to achieve complete skin regeneration. These findings open up for new treatment strategies to be developed for wound healing. Further, we offer a new approach to the efficient, scaffold-free noninvasive delivery of hNF-EVs to wounds. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Extracellular Vesicles and Bionanovesicles in Cell-Free Therapies and Drug delivery)
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Review

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26 pages, 5678 KiB  
Review
Exosomes in Parkinson: Revisiting Their Pathologic Role and Potential Applications
by Yassamine Ouerdane, Mohamed Y. Hassaballah, Abdalrazeq Nagah, Tarek M. Ibrahim, Hosny A. H. Mohamed, Areej El-Baz and Mohamed S. Attia
Pharmaceuticals 2022, 15(1), 76; https://doi.org/10.3390/ph15010076 - 7 Jan 2022
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 4538
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by bradykinesia, rigidity, and tremor. Considerable progress has been made to understand the exact mechanism leading to this disease. Most of what is known comes from the evidence of PD brains’ autopsies showing a [...] Read more.
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by bradykinesia, rigidity, and tremor. Considerable progress has been made to understand the exact mechanism leading to this disease. Most of what is known comes from the evidence of PD brains’ autopsies showing a deposition of Lewy bodies—containing a protein called α-synuclein (α-syn)—as the pathological determinant of PD. α-syn predisposes neurons to neurotoxicity and cell death, while the other associated mechanisms are mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress, which are underlying precursors to the death of dopaminergic neurons at the substantia nigra pars compacta leading to disease progression. Several mechanisms have been proposed to unravel the pathological cascade of these diseases; most of them share a particular similarity: cell-to-cell communication through exosomes (EXOs). EXOs are intracellular membrane-based vesicles with diverse compositions involved in biological and pathological processes, which their secretion is driven by the NLR family pyrin domain-containing three proteins (NLRP3) inflammasome. Toxic biological fibrils are transferred to recipient cells, and the disposal of damaged organelles through generating mitochondrial-derived vesicles are suggested mechanisms for developing PD. EXOs carry various biomarkers; thus, they are promising to diagnose different neurological disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs). As nanovesicles, the applications of EXOs are not only restricted as diagnostics but also expanded to treat NDDs as therapeutic carriers and nano-scavengers. Herein, the aim is to highlight the potential incrimination of EXOs in the pathological cascade and progression of PD and their role as biomarkers and therapeutic carriers for diagnosing and treating this neuro-debilitating disorder. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Extracellular Vesicles and Bionanovesicles in Cell-Free Therapies and Drug delivery)
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Other

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11 pages, 2041 KiB  
Opinion
Complexed Polymer Film-Forming Spray: An Optimal Delivery System for Secretome of Mesenchymal Stem Cell as Diabetic Wound Dressing?
by Abd. Kakhar Umar, Jittima Amie Luckanagul, James H. Zothantluanga and Sriwidodo Sriwidodo
Pharmaceuticals 2022, 15(7), 867; https://doi.org/10.3390/ph15070867 - 14 Jul 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2144
Abstract
Diabetes-related wounds have physiological factors that make healing more complicated. High sugar levels can increase microbial infection risk while limiting nutrition and oxygen transfer to the wound area. The secretome of mesenchymal stem cells has been widely known for its efficacy in regenerative [...] Read more.
Diabetes-related wounds have physiological factors that make healing more complicated. High sugar levels can increase microbial infection risk while limiting nutrition and oxygen transfer to the wound area. The secretome of mesenchymal stem cells has been widely known for its efficacy in regenerative therapy. However, applying the secretome directly to the wound can reduce its effectiveness. In this review, we examined the literature on synthesizing the combinations of carboxymethyl chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and collagen tripeptides, as well as the possibility of physicochemical properties enhancement of the hydrogel matrix, which could potentially be used as an optimal delivery system of stem cell’s secretome for diabetic wound healing. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Extracellular Vesicles and Bionanovesicles in Cell-Free Therapies and Drug delivery)
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