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Microwave Components for Wireless Sensor and Instrumentation Applications
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Microwave Components for Wireless Sensor and Instrumentation Applications

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Intelligent Sensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2023) | Viewed by 4764

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Kang Wook Kim

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
Interests: super-high-speed digital data transmission; ultra-wideband microwave components and modules; microwave/mm-wave packaging; personal communication antennas; microwave/mm-wave plasma diagnostics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue is dedicated to emerging new technologies using microwave components and systems for wireless sensing and its instrumentation. Today, in the middle of the fourth industrial revolution, advanced technologies such as 5G communications, the Internet of Things (IoT), and artificial intelligence, based on cloud computing and a high-performance computing, have revolutionized the technology, which demands the transmission of a huge volume of digital data in a fast time scale. High-speed digital signals already contain significant high-frequency spectra spreading on microwave/mm-wave frequencies. Therefore, recently, new microwave/mm-wave technologies for wireless sensors and communications have emerged, and these topics will be covered in this Special Issue.

Prof. Dr. Kang Wook Kim
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • microwave components and instrumentation
  • microwave/mm-wave antennas
  • microwave/mm-wave sensors
  • broadband/ultra-wideband microwave components
  • high-resolution radars and radiometers
  • microwave/mm-wave wireless diagnostics

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 10754 KiB  
Article
Compact Dual Circularly-Polarized Quad-Element MIMO/Diversity Antenna for Sub-6 GHz Communication Systems
by Sachin Kumar, Sandeep Kumar Palaniswamy, Hyun Chul Choi and Kang Wook Kim
Sensors 2022, 22(24), 9827; https://doi.org/10.3390/s22249827 - 14 Dec 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 1870
Abstract
In this paper, a compact dual circularly-polarized (CP) planar multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna is presented for a sub-6 GHz frequency band. The antenna consists of four identical resonating elements, which are placed in a mirrored-image pattern to obtain polarization diversity. Element 2 is a [...] Read more.
In this paper, a compact dual circularly-polarized (CP) planar multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna is presented for a sub-6 GHz frequency band. The antenna consists of four identical resonating elements, which are placed in a mirrored-image pattern to obtain polarization diversity. Element 2 is a mirror image of element 1, and elements 3 and 4 are mirror images of elements 1 and 2. Each antenna element comprises an elliptical resonator, a 50-Ω microstrip feed line, and a rectangular stub integrated with the feed to increase the surface current path of the antenna, shifting the resonating frequency to the lower side. Additionally, the rectangular stub is lengthened towards the right side (along the +x-axis direction in the antenna element 1), which balances the magnitude and 90° phase variance among the horizontal (Ex) and vertical (Ey) fields. The proposed MIMO antenna supports both types of circular polarization, where radiators 1 and 3 radiate right-hand CP (RHCP) rays and radiators 2 and 4 radiate left-hand CP (LHCP) rays. Developing a compact-size MIMO antenna is a challenging task, especially when the antenna elements share the same ground plane and are placed less than half a wavelength apart. The mutual coupling in the proposed antenna is reduced by increasing the spacing between the elements without the use of any extra decoupling structure. Optimal spacing is maintained to achieve compact geometry with less inter-element correlation. The radiators are closely placed with an edge-to-edge spacing of 0.08λ0, where λ0 is the free space wavelength at 3.6 GHz. A peak gain of 5 dBi, efficiency of 90%, an envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) of less than 0.1, and isolation of more than 18 dB are obtained between different ports of the prototype antenna. The overall size of the antenna element is 17 mm × 17 mm × 1.6 mm, and the MIMO antenna is 40 mm × 40 mm × 1.6 mm. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microwave Components for Wireless Sensor and Instrumentation Applications)
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20 pages, 4797 KiB  
Article
Ultra-Wideband Differential Line-to-Balanced Line Transitions for Super-High-Speed Digital Transmission
by Byung Cheol Min, Gwan Hui Lee, Jung Seok Lee, Syifa Haunan Nashuha, Hyun Chul Choi and Kang Wook Kim
Sensors 2022, 22(18), 6873; https://doi.org/10.3390/s22186873 - 11 Sep 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2240
Abstract
A conventional differential line (DL), commonly used on typical digital circuit boards for transmitting high-speed digital data, has fundamental limitations on the maximum signal bandwidth (~10 GHz), mainly due to signal skew, multiple line coupling, and EM interference. Therefore, to support super-high-speed digital [...] Read more.
A conventional differential line (DL), commonly used on typical digital circuit boards for transmitting high-speed digital data, has fundamental limitations on the maximum signal bandwidth (~10 GHz), mainly due to signal skew, multiple line coupling, and EM interference. Therefore, to support super-high-speed digital data transmission, especially for beyond 5G communications, a practical high-performance transmission structure for digital signals is required. Balanced lines (BLs) can transmit the differential signals with multiple advantages of ultra-wide bandwidth, common-mode rejection, reduced crosstalk, phase recovery, and skew reduction, which enable super-high-speed transmission. In order to utilize the BLs in the DL-based digital circuit, connecting structures between a DL and BLs are required, but the DL-to-BL transition structures dominate the operating bandwidth and signal properties. Therefore, in this paper, properties, and design methods for two ultra-wideband DL-to-BL transitions, i.e., DL-to-CPS (coplanar stripline) and DL-to-PSL (parallel stripline) transitions, are presented. Both implemented DL-to-CPS and DL-to-PSL transitions provide high-quality performance up to 40 GHz or higher, significantly enhancing the frequency bandwidth for the transmission of digital signals while providing compatibility with the DL-based PCBs. The fabricated DL-to-CPS transition performs well from DC to 40 GHz with an insertion loss of less than 0.86 dB and a return loss of more than 10 dB, and the fabricated DL-to-PSL transition also provides good performance from DC to 40 GHz, with an insertion loss of less than 1.34 dB and a return loss of more than 10 dB. Therefore, the proposed DL-to-BL transitions can be applied to achieve super-high-speed digital data transmission with over 40 GHz bandwidth, which is more than four times the bandwidth of the DL, supporting over 200 Gbps of digital data transmission on PCBs for the next generation of advanced communications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microwave Components for Wireless Sensor and Instrumentation Applications)
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