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Circular Economy and Life Cycle Assessment: Closing the Loop for Sustainable Resource Management

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Resources and Sustainable Utilization".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2025 | Viewed by 2003

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
TERRA Teaching and Research Centre: Biosystems Dynamics and Exchanges, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech—Université de Liege, Avenue de la Faculté d’Agronomie 8, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
Interests: life cycle assessment; sustainability assessment; carbon balances; circular economy

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

As a response to the globally increasing environmental pressures and resource constraints, the concept of a circular economy has emerged as a key framework for achieving sustainable resource management. Unlike a traditional linear economy (take-make-dispose), the circular economy seeks to close the loop through promoting a circular model based on the reuse, repair, refurbishment, and recycling of materials and products. This paradigm shift is essential for reducing waste, minimizing environmental impacts, and preserving natural resources for future generations. Life cycle assessments (LCAs) are a critical tool in evaluating the environmental performance of products and processes within the circular economy. By analyzing the entire life cycle—from raw material extraction to production, use, and disposal—LCA provides valuable insights into the sustainability of resource management practices. However, LCA still faces many methodological challenges when assessing circular economy systems. These challenges include accounting for the benefits of recycling and reuse, dealing with data gaps, and developing standardized metrics that accurately reflect circularity principles.

This Special Issue, entitled "Circular Economy and Life Cycle Assessment: Closing the Loop for Sustainable Resource Management," aims to highlight cutting-edge research and innovative methodologies that advance the integration of circular economy principles with life cycle assessments. The contributions in this Issue will underscore the importance of this interdisciplinary approach in achieving sustainable development goals and fostering resilient, resource-efficient systems.

In this Special Issue, original research articles and reviews are welcome. Research areas may include (but are not limited to) the following:

  • The development of new LCA methodologies tailored for circular systems.
  • The integration of circularity indicators into LCA frameworks.
  • Addressing data gaps and uncertainties in circular economy assessments.
  • Improving data quality and availability for secondary materials and processes.
  • Case studies on the LCA of recycled materials and products.
  • LCAs of emerging technologies that support circular economy principles.
  • The comparison of different circular economy metrics and their implications for LCA.
  • LCAs of end-of-life scenarios for circular products and materials.
  • Challenges in modeling closed-loop supply chains and their environmental impacts.
  • Assessing the carbon balance and sequestration potential of bio-based materials.
  • The application of consequential LCA to inform policy decisions in the circular economy.
  • Social and environmental impacts of circular economy practices from an LCA perspective.

I look forward to receiving your contributions. 

Dr. Andrea Di Maria
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • circular economy
  • Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)
  • sustainable resource management
  • carbon sequestration
  • policy decision making

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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16 pages, 1503 KiB  
Article
Integrating Circular Economy and Life Cycle Assessment in Virtual Water Management: A Case Study of Food Consumption Across Economic Classes in Iran
by Mehrdad Mirabi, Kazem Javan, Mariam Darestani and Mohsen Karrabi
Sustainability 2025, 17(6), 2743; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17062743 - 19 Mar 2025
Viewed by 249
Abstract
Water scarcity is a growing global issue, especially in arid regions like Iran. Global food trade complicates water and food resource management by moving virtual water (the water used to produce goods) between regions. This study uses circular economy principles and life cycle [...] Read more.
Water scarcity is a growing global issue, especially in arid regions like Iran. Global food trade complicates water and food resource management by moving virtual water (the water used to produce goods) between regions. This study uses circular economy principles and life cycle assessment (LCA) to analyze virtual water use across income groups in Iran, focusing on food consumption. This study divided households into three groups: economically vulnerable, middle-class, and affluent. Lower-income households are more water-efficient, using 3.33 L per USD, compared with 0.81 L for middle-class and 0.41 L for affluent households. The per capita virtual water consumption was 3916.7 L for vulnerable groups, 3481.6 L for middle-class, and 3418 L for affluent groups—all higher than the global average. This is because they rely on low-water foods like bread and legumes. Additionally, affluent households consume 80% more red meat, which has a high water footprint. The study calls for policies to promote water-conscious diets, optimize virtual water trade, and integrate sustainability into LCA frameworks. Aligning resource management with circular economy goals can help Iran improve water security and sustainable development. Full article
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28 pages, 2715 KiB  
Perspective
Current State of Chemical Recycling of Plastic Waste: A Focus on the Italian Experience
by Lorenzo Maria Cafiero, Doina De Angelis, Letizia Tuccinardi and Riccardo Tuffi
Sustainability 2025, 17(3), 1293; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17031293 - 5 Feb 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1352
Abstract
With a value of 400.3 Mt, the global plastics production increased in 2022 with a plus of 2.5 wt% compared to the previous years. Unfortunately, plastic waste is often disposed of inappropriately, causing environmental problems and an avoidable waste of resources. In 2019, [...] Read more.
With a value of 400.3 Mt, the global plastics production increased in 2022 with a plus of 2.5 wt% compared to the previous years. Unfortunately, plastic waste is often disposed of inappropriately, causing environmental problems and an avoidable waste of resources. In 2019, the European Circular Economy Action Plan was issued to encourage plastic recycling. Nevertheless, at the end of 2022, post-consumer mechanically recycled plastics in Europe accounted only for 13.2 wt% of the European plastic production (58.8 Mt). Mechanical recycling fails to recycle mixed, partially degraded, or contaminated plastic waste. Then, there is an acute demand for new, efficient, and cost-effective recycling technologies to fill the gap left by mechanical recycling. Chemical recycling is considered a complementary alternative because it can process waste streams composed of heterogenous and difficult plastics. Currently in Europe, around 58.8 kt (0.1 wt%) of plastic production was obtained by chemically recycled plastics, but the road is marked. The Plastic Europe association announces that its members are going to produce 2.8 Mt of chemically recycled plastics by 2030. Mixed plastic waste is the main target, and pyrolysis and gasification, identified as the suitable technologies for its treatment, represent 80 wt% of the planned capacities. Full article
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