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Sustainability
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Renewable Energy Exploitation: Technologies, Assessment, and Future Perspective
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Renewable Energy Exploitation: Technologies, Assessment, and Future Perspective

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Energy Sustainability".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2022) | Viewed by 11080

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Hoseyn Sayyaadi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering-Energy Division, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran 1999 143344, Iran
Interests: renewable energy technologies; machine learning and artificial intelligence; multi-objective optimization; decision making; heating ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC); energy; exergy; economic; environmental analysis of energy systems; building design and performance analysis; desalination; power generation systems; Stirling engine; hydrogen production
Dr. Ali Sohani

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Lab of Optimization of Thermal Systems’ Installations, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering-Energy Di-vision, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran 1999 143344, Iran
Interests: HVAC; energy systems; machine learning; multi-objective optimization; solar photovoltaics (PV)
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

When it comes to our targets for future energy supply, renewable energy technologies occupy an important role because of their great advantages compared to those of conventional technologies, and considering this point, they are gaining more and more attention, not only from researchers but also from policy makers and people in different levels of society. 

To develop renewable energy technologies, several factors should be considered to have a desirable system. Despite the fact that in the literature, some aspects have usually been considered and others have been missed, in this Special Issue, we are going to provide a forum for discussion of all the important involved issues. In addition, in contrast to most of the research items in the literature, in which only one type of renewable energy source or technology has been studied, here, different types, including solar, wind, geothermal, hydrogen, and all other types of renewable energy resources, are going to be investigated. This will provide us with the possibility of having a better insight into different renewable energy resources when they are compared together. The scope of this Special issue includes but is not limited to the following items: 

  • Designing and retrofitting;
  • Performance analysis, optimization, and assessment;
  • Policy making;
  • Risk and reliability analysis;
  • Finding the best place and best operating strategy;
  • Desalination;
  • CCHP and polygeneration units;
  • Artificial intelligence and machine learning;
  • Future perspectives;
  • Agriculture and industrial use;
  • Renewable-energy-driven HVAC systems.

Prof. Dr. Hoseyn Sayyaadi
Dr. Ali Sohani
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • renewable energy resources
  • solar energy
  • wind energy
  • geothermal energy
  • power generation
  • combined cooling
  • heating and power (CCHP) systems
  • desalination
  • hybrid energy systems
  • fuel cells
  • hydrogen production
  • optimization
  • artificial intelligence

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

22 pages, 7614 KiB  
Article
Comparative Analysis for a Solar Tracking Mechanism of Solar PV in Five Different Climatic Locations in South Indian States: A Techno-Economic Feasibility
by Seepana Praveenkumar, Aminjon Gulakhmadov, Abhinav Kumar, Murodbek Safaraliev and Xi Chen
Sustainability 2022, 14(19), 11880; https://doi.org/10.3390/su141911880 - 21 Sep 2022
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2400
Abstract
As the second most populous country in the world, India’s needs related to electricity production are still growing; thus, the country is seeking renewable energy resources as an alternative to conventional resources. Currently, India’s use of renewable energies ranks as fifth worldwide, with [...] Read more.
As the second most populous country in the world, India’s needs related to electricity production are still growing; thus, the country is seeking renewable energy resources as an alternative to conventional resources. Currently, India’s use of renewable energies ranks as fifth worldwide, with approximately 13.22% of the total amount of energy used in the form of solar energy, which is very nominal. Therefore, in the present study, a large-scale 20 MW solar PV power plant was modelled to access the technological and economic performances using the System Advisor Model (SAM) for the selected locations: Vishakhapatnam (VSKP), Hyderabad (HYD), Madurai (MDU), Thiruvananthapuram (TVC), and Bangalore (SBC), where solar radiation is high for South Indian states. In order to carry this out, three solar tracking mechanisms, i.e., fixed tracking (FT), single-axis tracking (SAT), and double-axis tracking (DAT), are taken into consideration at the selected locations. The results from the assessment of the FT mechanism’s yearly energy production show that 31 GWh were produced at TVC and 33 GWh were produced at VSKP, HYD, MDU, and SBC in the first year of the project, with a capacity factor (CF) from 18.5% to 19.5%. Conversely, the SAT mechanism generated an annual amount of energy, ranging from 38 GWh to 42 GWh, with an increase in the CF ranging from 22% to 23%. Furthermore, the DAT mechanism’s annual energy generated 44 GWh to 46 GWh, with the CF ranging between 25% and 26.5%. However, the recorded levelized cost of energy (LCOE) ranges were between 3.25 ¢/kWh to 4.25 ¢/kWh at the selected locations for all three mechanisms. The sensitivity analysis results also suggest that the FT and SAT mechanisms are not economically feasible because of their negative net present values (NPV) in all five locations, whereas the DAT mechanism generated positive results for all of the locations after 20 years. Furthermore, according to the study, we concluded that HYD was identified as the most feasible location in the South Indian region for installing a large-scale solar PV power project. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Renewable Energy Exploitation: Technologies, Assessment, and Future Perspective)
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21 pages, 7024 KiB  
Article
A High-Resolution Wind Farms Suitability Mapping Using GIS and Fuzzy AHP Approach: A National-Level Case Study in Sudan
by Amr S. Zalhaf, Bahaa Elboshy, Kotb M. Kotb, Yang Han, Abdulrazak H. Almaliki, Reda M. H. Aly and M. R. Elkadeem
Sustainability 2022, 14(1), 358; https://doi.org/10.3390/su14010358 - 29 Dec 2021
Cited by 39 | Viewed by 4710
Abstract
Wind energy is one of the most attractive sustainable energy resources since it has low operation, maintenance, and production costs and a relatively low impact on the environment. Identifying the optimal sites for installing wind power plants (WPPs) is considered an important challenge [...] Read more.
Wind energy is one of the most attractive sustainable energy resources since it has low operation, maintenance, and production costs and a relatively low impact on the environment. Identifying the optimal sites for installing wind power plants (WPPs) is considered an important challenge of wind energy development which requires careful and combined analyses of numerous criteria. This study introduces a high-resolution wind farms suitability mapping based on Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP) and Geographic Information System (GIS) approaches considering technical, environmental, social, and spatial aspects, representing eight different criteria. First, a multi-criteria decision-making analysis based on the FAHP method is employed to assign appropriate weights for the addressed criteria with respect to their relative importance. Since the traditional AHP method, which was found employed in the majority of the relative case-studies, is not efficient in dealing with uncertainty when experts use a basic scale (0 to 1) for their assessments, the FAHP provides more flexible scales through the utilized fuzzy membership functions and the natural linguistic variables. Consequently, this helps to facilitate the assessments made by experts and increases the precision of the obtained results (weights). Next, the high-resolution GIS is used to carry out a spatial analysis and integrate various factors/criteria throughout the proposed index to produce the final suitability map and identify the unsuitable areas. The presented study emphasizes investigating the lightning strike flash rate due to its significant influences on the wind turbine’s safety and operation, yet this crucial factor has been seldomly investigated in previous studies. The obtained findings revealed that the wind speed, the land slope, and the elevation had the highest weighted criteria with 33.1%, 24.8%, and 12.2%, respectively. Besides, the final-developed suitability map revealed that 23.22% and 8.31% of the Sudanese territory are of high and very high suitability, respectively, for wind farms installation which are considered sufficient to cover the electricity needs. The difficulty of acquiring real data and resources for the addressed location was the main challenge of the presented work. The work outlook addresses the suitability mapping of hybrid photovoltaic-wind turbine energy systems, which will require addressing new and significant criteria in the applied methodology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Renewable Energy Exploitation: Technologies, Assessment, and Future Perspective)
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30 pages, 8312 KiB  
Article
Reliability Evaluation of Smart Microgrids Considering Cyber Failures and Disturbances under Various Cyber Network Topologies and Distributed Generation’s Scenarios
by Mehrdad Aslani, Hamed Hashemi-Dezaki and Abbas Ketabi
Sustainability 2021, 13(10), 5695; https://doi.org/10.3390/su13105695 - 19 May 2021
Cited by 21 | Viewed by 2908
Abstract
Smart microgrids (SMGs), as cyber–physical systems, are essential parts of smart grids. The SMGs’ cyber networks facilitate efficient system operation. However, cyber failures and interferences might adversely affect the SMGs. The available studies about SMGs have paid less attention to SMGs’ cyber–physical features [...] Read more.
Smart microgrids (SMGs), as cyber–physical systems, are essential parts of smart grids. The SMGs’ cyber networks facilitate efficient system operation. However, cyber failures and interferences might adversely affect the SMGs. The available studies about SMGs have paid less attention to SMGs’ cyber–physical features compared to other subjects. Although a few current research works have studied the cyber impacts on SMGs’ reliability, there is a research gap about reliability evaluation simultaneously concerning all cyber failures and interferences under various cyber network topologies and renewable distributions scenarios. This article aims to fill such a gap by developing a new Monte Carlo simulation-based reliability assessment method considering cyber elements’ failures, data/information transmission errors, and routing errors under various cyber network topologies. Considering the microgrid control center (MGCC) faults in comparion to other failures and interferences is one of the major contributions of this study. The reliability evaluation of SMGs under various cyber network topologies, particularly based on an MGCC’s redundancy, highlights this research’s advantages. Moreover, studying the interactions of uncertainties for cyber systems and distributed generations (DGs) under various DG scenarios is another contribution. The proposed method is applied to a test system using actual historical data. The comparative test results illustrate the advantages of the proposed method. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Renewable Energy Exploitation: Technologies, Assessment, and Future Perspective)
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