Energies, Volume 12, Issue 6

Smart grid software interconnects multiple Engineering disciplines (power systems, communication, software and hardware technology, instrumentation, big data, etc.). The software architecture is an evolving concept in smart grid systems, in which sys...

Selection of surfactants for enhanced oil recovery and other upstream applications is a challenging task. For enhanced oil recovery applications, a surfactant should be thermally stable, compatible with reservoir brine, and have lower adsorption on r...

In wind farms, the interaction between turbines that operate close by experience some problems in terms of their power generation. Wakes caused by upstream turbines are mainly responsible of these interactions, and the phenomena involved in this case...

We present a method for optimizing the electronic power system for a new type of photobioreactor or photoreactor in general. In the case of photobioreactors, photosynthetic active microorganisms or cells are grown. A novel concept for the illuminatio...

The potential of algal biomass as a source of liquid and gaseous biofuels has been the subject of considerable research over the past few decades, with researchers strongly agreeing that algae have the potential of becoming a viable aquatic energy cr...

Many researchers in recent years have studied voltage deviation issues in distribution networks. Characterizing the impedance between consuming nodes in a network is the key to controlling the network voltage. Existing impedance estimation methods ar...

In the photovoltaic industry, an antireflection coating consisting of three SiN_x layers with different refractive indexes is generally adopted to reduce the reflectance and raise the efficiency of monocrystalline silicon PERC (passivated emitter and...

A virtual synchronous machine (VSM) is a converter which, compared to other types of converters, has more friendly interactions with the power grid because it is able to simulate the external characteristics of a synchronous machine, which can provid...

Supercritical once-through utility boilers are increasingly common in flexible operations in China. In this study, the tube temperature changes at a vertical water-cooled wall are analyzed during a fluctuating flexible operation. There are considerab...

Lithium-ion traction battery systems of hybrid and electric vehicles must have a high level of durability and reliability like all other components and systems of a vehicle. Battery systems get heated while in the application. To ensure the desired l...

This paper proposes an optimal placement model of ultra-high frequency (UHF) sensors for accurate location of partial discharge (PD) in gas-insulated switchgear (GIS). The model is based on 0-1 program in consideration of the attenuation influence on...

This paper proposes a hybrid model for evaluating the effectiveness of new and old kinetic energy conversion (NOKEC), China’s major strategic move aiming to transform the mode of economic growth and improvie the quality of economic development....

The brushless doubly-fed machine (BDFM) is a special type of machine with two sets of stator windings and one set of rotor winding. The magnetic field of the BDFM is considered to be complex with no regularity. To study the principles of magnetic fie...

This paper investigates how the implementation of Structural Health Monitoring Systems (SHMS) in the support structure (SS) of offshore wind turbines (OWT) affects capital expenditure (CAPEX) and operational expenditure (OPEX) of offshore wind farms...

This paper presents the optimization of parallel distribution between electricity and heat production for a geothermal plant. The geothermal fluid is split into two streams, one used for an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) system, and the other for a Dist...

In African cities like Nairobi, policies to improve vehicle fuel economy help to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve air quality, but lack of data is a major challenge. We present a methodology for estimating fuel economy in such cities. Vehi...

“Reduction of material and energy consumption” (RMEC) exists as a major objective of innovation and it is proved to affect positively to innovation performance from previous literature. Though innovation should be measured in efficiency r...

This paper describes an automatic sampling system for anaerobic reactors that allows taking representative samples following the guidelines of Gy’s (1998) theory of sampling. Due to the high heterogeneity degree in a digester the sampling error...

The present study sets out to review the thermal and optical properties of electrochromic windows (ECWs) through an analysis of the improvement in the energy performance of a building resulting from their application. The performance analysis was bas...

The distributed energy system is an energy supply method built around the end users, which can achieve energy sustainability and reduce emissions compared to traditional centralized energy systems. The micro gas turbine (MGT)-based combined cooling a...

In recent years, the installation of residential Distributed Energy Resources (DER) that produce (mainly rooftop photovoltaics usually bundled with battery system) or consume (electric heat pumps, controllable loads, electric vehicles) electric power...

The commercial mature gallium nitride high electron mobility transistors (GaN HEMT) technology has drawn much attention for its great potential in industrial power electronic applications. GaN HEMT is known for low on-state resistance, high withstand...

While software-defined networking (SDN) has been widely applied in various networking domains including datacenters, WANs (Wide Area Networks), QoS (Quality of Service) provisioning, service function chaining, etc., it also has foreseeable applicatio...

Driven by economics-of-scale factors, wind-turbine rotor sizes have increased formidably in recent years. Larger rotors with lighter blades of increased flexibility will experiment substantially higher levels of deformation. Future turbines will also...

Existing buildings are likely to consume more energy and emit more greenhouse gases than new buildings because of inevitable deteriorations in physical performance. Accordingly, retrofitting of existing buildings is considered essential to reduce ene...

Solar energy is the most valuable renewable energy source due to its abundant storage and is pollution-free. The output power of photovoltaic (PV) arrays will vary with external conditions, such as irradiance and temperature fluctuations. Therefore,...

The paper presents a new maximum power point tracking (MPPT) method for photovoltaic (PV) battery chargers. It consists of adding a low frequency modulation to the duty-cycle and then multiplying the ac components of the panel voltage and power. The...

In this paper we introduce a five-fold approach to open science comprised of open data, open-source software (that is, programming and modeling tools, model code, and numerical solvers), as well as open-access dissemination. The advantages of open en...

This paper investigates the mixed convection and entropy generation of an Ag-water nanofluid in an L-shaped channel fixed at an inclination angle of 30° to the horizontal axis. An isothermal heat source was positioned in the middle of the right incli...

Job role localization is the replacement of expatriates by competent host country nationals. This study investigates the viability of localizing job roles in the oil and gas industry in two stages. The first stage addresses the global level using a s...

Triticale straw constitutes a potential raw material for biofuel production found in Poland in considerable quantities. Thus far, production of bioethanol has been based on food raw materials such as cereal seeds, sugar beets or potatoes, and the bio...

Variable switching frequency in the finite control set model predictive control (FCS-MPC) method causes a negative impact on the converter efficiency and the design of the output filters. Several studies have addressed the problem, but they are eithe...

In this paper, the effect of the line impedance difference between various inverters on power sharing with the traditional droop control method is fully analyzed. It reveals that the line impedance difference causes a significant reactive power error...

Brushless doubly-fed motor (BDFM) has well applicable potentials in the speed control driving field due to its excellent speed regulation performance. However, the poor starting performance becomes a shortage that still limits the development and app...

The zinc/bromine (Zn/Br₂) flow battery is an attractive rechargeable system for grid-scale energy storage because of its inherent chemical simplicity, high degree of electrochemical reversibility at the electrodes, good energy density, and abundant l...

Hybrid sorption-compression systems are gaining interest for heating/cooling/ refrigeration purposes in different applications, since they allow exploiting the benefits of both technologies and a better utilization of renewable sources. However, desi...

Areas with hydro power may purchase extra power from the outside power market during dry seasons, which will cause a deviation between the actual and expected power purchase amount due to the inaccurate judgment of the market situation. Because of th...

Low-voltage direct current (DC) microgrid based on distributed generation (DG), the problems of load mutation affecting the DC bus under island mode, and the security problems that may arise when the DC microgrid is switched from island mode to grid-...

In this paper, we integrate technological, institutional, and financial approaches towards expansion of the smart grid technology. We turn to China as the major producer and consumer of energy with an increasing focus on renewables. China’s ele...

Hierarchical NiMoO₄/NiMoO₄ nanoflowers were fabricated on highly conductive flexible nickel foam (NF) substrates using a facile hydrothermal method to achieve rapid charge-discharge ability, high energy density, long cycling lifespan, and higher flex...

Due to the rapid increase in the number of variable speed AC drives, the analysis of their energy efficiency has become highly essential. However, such an analysis requires consideration of a wide variety of factors. This includes considering the ene...

Fault location in electrical energy distribution networks is an important task, as faults in distribution grids are among the main causes of electricity supply disruption. Fault location in the distribution systems, however, is a challenging task bec...

This paper proposes an expeditious methodology that provides hourly assessments of the effect of intermittent wind and solar power generation on the electrical quantities characterizing power systems. Currents are measured via circuit breakers to con...

The efficiency of energy usage applied to robots that implement autonomous duties such as floor cleaning depends crucially on the adopted path planning strategies. Energy-aware for complete coverage path planning (CCPP) in the reconfigurable robots r...

Voltage sag is one of the most serious problems in power quality. The occurrence of voltage sag will lead to a huge loss in the social economy and have a serious effect on people’s daily life. The identification of sag types is the basis for so...

In many publications, the characteristics of practical earthing systems were investigated under conditions involving fast-impulse currents of different magnitudes by field measurements. However, as generally known, in practice the transient current c...

Fault-tolerant control has drawn attention in recent years owning to its reliability and safe flight during missions. In this article, an active fault-tolerant control method is proposed to control a quadcopter in the presence of actuator faults and...

Many factors affect short-term electric load, and the superposition of these factors leads to it being non-linear and non-stationary. Separating different load components from the original load series can help to improve the accuracy of prediction, b...

In this article, the performance of an inclined north-south axis (INSA) multiple positions sun-tracked V-trough with restricted reflections for photovoltaic applications (MP-VPVs) is investigated theoretically based on the imaging principle of mirror...

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relevance of building thermal performance and characteristics to building energy consumption. This paper reports an energy analysis of 4625 office buildings in Seoul, South Korea, using data fro...