Cancers, Volume 15, Issue 21

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is emerging as an important risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), whose prevalence is rising. Although the mechanisms of progression from NAFLD to HCC are not fully elucidated, tumor necrosis factor-...

Bladder cancer (BLCA) is one of the cancers that is highly sensitive to specific non-invasive tumor biomarkers that facilitate early diagnosis. Exosome-derived long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) hold promise as diagnostic biomarkers for BLCA. In this stu...

The dose–response effect of proton pump inhibitors on colorectal cancer prognosis is still under exploration. This population-based study in Taiwan was designed to examine the effect of proton pump inhibitors on overall death, colorectal cancer...

Objective: The aim of this study was to develop and validate an interpretable radiomics model based on two-dimensional shear wave elastography (2D-SWE) for symptomatic post-hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) prediction in patients undergoing liver rese...

Background: Axillary reverse mapping (ARM) nodes are involved in a significant proportion of clinically node-positive (cN+) breast cancer patients. However, neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is effective at decreasing the incidence of nodal metastases i...

Adenohypophysal pituitary tumors account for 10–15% of all intracranial tumors, and 25–55% display signs of invasiveness. Nevertheless, oncology still relies on histopathological examination to establish the diagnosis. Considering that th...

Ovarian cancer (OC) is the most common lethal gynecologic cause of death in women worldwide, with a high mortality rate and increasing incidence. Despite advancements in the treatment, most OC patients still die from their disease due to late-stage d...

Treatment modalities for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have changed dramatically, with systemic therapy as the primary option. However, the effect of sequential treatment on prognosis remains unclear. This retrospective study included patie...

Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) is a lymphatic neoplasm typically found in the cervical lymph nodes. The disease is multifactorial, and in recent years, the relationships between various vascular molecules have been explored in the field of vascular bi...

Blood malignancies remain a therapeutic challenge despite the development of numerous treatment strategies. The phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/Akt/mTOR) signaling pathway plays a central role...

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the impact of the covariates derived from a predictive model for detecting extracapsular extension on pathology (pECE+) on biochemical recurrence-free survival (BCRFS) within 4 years after robotic-assisted radic...

A radical hysterectomy is the standard method of surgical treatment for patients with early-stage cancer of the uterine cervix. It was first introduced more than 100 years ago. Since then, various and many different radical procedures, which diverge...

Sarcomas are a heterogeneous group of malignant mesenchymal tumors, including soft tissue and bone sarcomas. Macrophages in the tumor microenvironment, involved in immunosuppression and leading to tumor development, are called tumor-associated macrop...

Cancer is associated with an increased risk of developing venous thromboembolism, due to its direct influence on the three pillars of Virchow’s triad (e.g., compression on the blood vessels by the tumour, blood vessels invasion, and cytokine re...

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the preferred imaging modality for oropharyngeal cancers (OPCs), but it has difficulties distinguishing between small OPCs and unilateral tonsil hypertrophy. We hypothesized that surgeon-performed transoral ultraso...

Oncolytic viruses (OVs), without harming normal tissues, selectively infect and replicate within tumor cells, to release immune molecules and tumor antigens, achieving immune-mediated destruction of tumors and making them one of the most promising im...

To investigate the outcomes of children, adolescents, and young adults (AYAs) with malignant ovarian germ cell tumors (MOGCTs), we analyzed the data of 61 patients aged ≤39 years diagnosed with MOGCT between 2006 and 2022. Among 59 patients who re...

Complex karyotype (CK) is associated with a poor prognosis in both acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome with excess blasts (MDS-EB). Transcriptomic analyses have improved our understanding of the disease and risk stratification o...

Breast cancer retains its position as the most prevalent form of malignancy among females on a global scale. The careful selection of appropriate treatment for each patient holds paramount importance in effectively managing breast cancer. Neoadjuvant...

Purpose: To assess oncological outcomes, toxicities, quality of life (QoL) and sexual health (SH) of low-grade glioma (LGG) patients treated with pencil-beam scanning proton therapy (PBS-PT). Material and methods: We retrospectively analyzed 89 patie...

Prior non-comparative data showed increasing incidence of rectal neuroendocrine tumors (RNET) in the US. We aimed to evaluate age-specific RNET incidence rates and time-trends in demographic- and tumor-specific populations. The RNET age-adjusted inci...

The advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), for instance, programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/PD-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) blockers, has greatly improved the outcome of patients affected by non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, most NSCLC patients...

Chromosomal translocations involving the mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) gene cause 5–10% acute leukemias with poor clinical outcomes. Protein–protein interactions (PPI) between the most frequent MLL fusion partner proteins AF9/ENL and AF4 o...

Purpose: Cell migration is a critical driver of metastatic tumor spread, contributing significantly to cancer-related mortality. Yet, our understanding of the underlying mechanisms remains incomplete. Methods: In this study, a wound healing assay was...

Although synaptotagmin 1 (SYT1) has been identified participating in a variety of cancers, its role in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains an enigma. This study aimed to demonstrate the effect of SYT1 on CRC metastasis and the underlying mechanism. We fi...

Gynecological malignancies, particularly lymph node metastasis, have presented a diagnostic challenge, even with traditional imaging techniques such as CT, MRI, and PET/CT. This study was conceived to explore and, subsequently, to bridge this diagnos...

Cancers are heterogeneous, multicellular societies that constitute solid tumors which comprise the neoplastic progenies of the tumor-initiating cell and the progenies of "un-transformed" tumor-infiltrating cells [...]

Mammary Paget disease (MPD) is a rare condition primarily affecting adult women, characterized by unilateral skin changes in the nipple–areolar complex (NAC) and frequently associated with underlying breast carcinoma. Histologically, MPD is ide...

Drug resistance poses a great challenge in systemic therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the underlying molecular mechanisms associated with resistance to anti-cancer drugs, such as Sorafenib, remain unclear. In this study, we use tra...

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) mainly afflicts adults and accounts for 25% of all new leukemia cases [...]

Coding and noncoding RNA molecules play their roles in ensuring cell function and tissue homeostasis in an ordered and systematic fashion. RNA chemical modifications can occur both at bases and ribose sugar, and, similarly to DNA and histone modifica...

Brain cancer is the second most common childhood malignancy and is the leading cause of death among all pediatric cancers [...]

A 1.5T MRI combined with a linear accelerator (Unity^®, Elekta; Stockholm, Sweden) is a device that shows promise in MRI-guided stereotactic body radiation treatment (SBRT). Previous studies utilized the manufacturer’s pre-set MRI sequences...

Metabolites associated with microbes regulate human immunity, inhibit bacterial colonization, and promote pathogenicity. Integrating microbe and metabolome research in GC provides a direction for understanding the microbe-associated pathophysiologica...

Arsenic is a known human urinary bladder carcinogen. While arsenic is known to cause aberrant DNA methylation, the mechanism of arsenic-triggered bladder carcinogenesis is not fully understood. The goal of this study was to identify aberrant DNA meth...

Current common treatments for castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) typically belong to one of three major categories: next-generation anti-androgen therapies (NGAT) including enzalutamide, abiraterone acetate, apalutamide, and darolutamide; ta...

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of ETS homologous factor (EHF) in malignant breast cancer cells. The overexpression and knockdown of the EHF gene in human and mouse breast cancer cells were performed, and the TCGA dataset and...

Rhabdomyosarcoma is a rare cancer arising in skeletal muscle that typically impacts children and young adults. It is a worldwide challenge in child health as treatment outcomes for metastatic and recurrent disease still pose a major concern for both...

A cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitor combined with endocrine therapy is the standard of care for patients with hormone receptor-positive/human epidermal growth factor 2-negative (HR+/HER2−) metastatic breast cancer (mBC), but real-world effe...

Ovarian cancer remains the most lethal of gynecological malignancies, with the 5-year survival below 50%. Currently there is no simple and effective pre-surgical diagnosis or triage for patients with malignancy, particularly those with early-stage or...

Background: Central nervous system lymphoma (CNSL) is rare form of brain tumour. It manifests either as primary CNS lymphoma (pCNSL) originating within the central nervous system or as secondary CNS lymphoma (sCNSL), arising as cerebral metastases of...

Background: Melanoma staging at diagnosis predominantly depends on the tumor thickness. Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is a common tool for primary staging. However, for tumors of >4 mm with ulceration, 3D whole-body imaging and, in particular,...

Squamous cell carcinoma and its precursor lesion actinic keratosis are often found together in areas of skin chronically exposed to sun, otherwise called cancerisation fields. The clinical assessment of cancerisation fields and the correct diagnosis...

Melanoma brain metastasis (MBM) is significantly associated with poor prognosis and is diagnosed in 80% of patients at autopsy. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are “seeds” of metastasis and the smallest functional units of cancer. Our mult...

In the past two decades, therapy development in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma has exploded [...]

The proportion of non-transplant-eligible (NTE) newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) patients excluded from clinical trials (CTs) and their prognosis is unknown. CT results may not be generalizable to real-world practice due to strict recruitment...

Objective: Lung cancer is the second most common cause of death by cancer. Multiple modalities can be used to obtain a tissue sample from a pulmonary nodule. We aimed to compare the yield and adverse events related to transthoracic needle aspiration...

MicroRNAs (MiRNAs) are small, non-coding RNA molecules that function in RNA silencing and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. We analyzed the differential expression of miRNAs in 119 endometrial carcinomas, measuring their expression...

Background: The immunotherapy of head and neck cancer induces a limited rate of long-term survivors at the cost of treating many patients exposed to toxicity without benefit, regardless of PD-L1 expression. The identification of better biomarkers is...

The impact of the relation of human papillomavirus (HPV) and smoking status of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) on overall survival (OS) was investigated in a retrospective population-based study in Thuringia, Germany. A total of 498 pat...