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New Inspirations concerning Breeding and Cultivation Practice to Enhance Crop...
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New Inspirations concerning Breeding and Cultivation Practice to Enhance Crop Productivity and Their Essentials

A special issue of Agronomy (ISSN 2073-4395). This special issue belongs to the section "Farming Sustainability".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 January 2025 | Viewed by 8010

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Tingting Chen

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
Interests: rice; grain yield; drought stress; water management; chemical regulation; physiological mechanism
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Weiyang Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
Interests: rice cultivation; heat stress; source-sink relationship; nitrogen management; grain quality
Dr. Guanfu Fu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Research and Development Center of Rice Cropping Technology, China National Rice Research Institute (CNRRI), Hangzhou 310006, China
Interests: abiotic stress; photosynthesis; respiration; energy metabolism; assimilated transport; sugar signaling; yield and quality
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

According to global reports on food crises, there are currently 820 million hungry people around the world. The world’s population is estimated to exceed 9 billion by mid-century, with about 70% more food being required for human consumption. To provide adequate nutrition, the global food and agricultural system must make profound changes. Increasing agricultural productivity and sustainable crop production is critical to reducing the risk of world hunger. Data from the FAO indicate that about 85% of the growth in global crop output over the next ten years will be attributed to yield improvements resulting from excellent genetic resources and better cultivation practices. Therefore, innovations concerning breeding and agronomic optimization to enhance crop productivity are urgently needed. This Special Issue focuses on research that provides new insights into effective strategies for improving crop productivity, enhancing the resilience of crops under adverse environmental factors, and detecting corresponding regulatory mechanisms. Papers including original research and reviews dealing with the above topics are welcome.

Dr. Tingting Chen
Dr. Weiyang Zhang
Dr. Guanfu Fu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Agronomy is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • crop production
  • high efficiency
  • new strategies
  • regulation mechanisms

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 1137 KiB  
Article
The Synergistic Optimization of Rice Yield, Quality, and Profit by the Combined Application of Organic and Inorganic Nitrogen Fertilizers
by Wenli Tao, Yajun Zhang, Junfei Gu, Kuanyu Zhu, Zhiqin Wang and Jianchang Yang
Agronomy 2024, 14(11), 2665; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14112665 - 13 Nov 2024
Viewed by 599
Abstract
The replacement of urea with polymer-coated urea (PCU) fertilizer and the application of organic fertilizers (OFs) are effective strategies for reducing N loss in farmland and preventing soil degradation. However, limited research has been conducted on the synergistic effects of OF combined with [...] Read more.
The replacement of urea with polymer-coated urea (PCU) fertilizer and the application of organic fertilizers (OFs) are effective strategies for reducing N loss in farmland and preventing soil degradation. However, limited research has been conducted on the synergistic effects of OF combined with inorganic N fertilizer, particularly PCU, on rice yield, quality, and profit. To address this issue, a two-year field experiment was conducted involving five fertilization treatments: no nitrogen fertilizer (0N), urea applied at the full local rate of 270 kg N ha−1 (CK), PCU at a reduced rate of 240 kg N ha−1 (T1), a combination of 70% PCU and 30% urea at 240 kg N ha−1 (T2), and T2 supplemented with 4500 kg ha−1 of OF (T3). The results showed that, compared with CK, the T1 treatment improved the appearance quality and taste value but slightly reduced the other quality indices. In contrast, the T2 and T3 treatments enhanced the grain yield, especially for T3, with an advantage in the tiller number, shoot dry weight, and leaf area index, which promoted the panicle number, filled grain, and grain weight, thereby significantly increasing the yield. The T2 improved the processing, appearance, and taste qualities by reducing the protein content, increasing the amylose content and gel consistency, and optimizing the starch viscosity characteristics (increasing the peak viscosity and breakdown while reducing the setback and consistency), with the addition of OF (T3) further expanding the benefits. Furthermore, the nutritional quality was also enhanced by optimizing the protein components and increasing the protein yield. Although the agricultural inputs in the T2 and T3 treatments were higher, the profit from the increased grain yield could cover these inputs, thereby maintaining profit with T3 or increasing profit with T2. In summary, the combined application of PCU with urea and OF can synergistically improve the rice yield, quality, and profit. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Inspirations concerning Breeding and Cultivation Practice to Enhance Crop Productivity and Their Essentials)
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17 pages, 3511 KiB  
Article
The Impact of the Growth Regulators and Cultivation Conditions of Temporary Immersion Systems (TISs) on the Morphological Characteristics of Potato Explants and Microtubers
by Dias Daurov, Ainash Daurova, Zagipa Sapakhova, Rakhim Kanat, Dana Akhmetzhanova, Zhanar Abilda, Maxat Toishimanov, Nurgul Raissova, Murat Otynshiyev, Kabyl Zhambakin and Malika Shamekova
Agronomy 2024, 14(8), 1782; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14081782 - 14 Aug 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1080
Abstract
Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) constitute one of the most economically important annual crops. In terms of tissue culture, potato microtubers (MTs) have a number of advantages over conventional plants. These advantages include their small size, which greatly facilitates storage, transport, and germplasm [...] Read more.
Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) constitute one of the most economically important annual crops. In terms of tissue culture, potato microtubers (MTs) have a number of advantages over conventional plants. These advantages include their small size, which greatly facilitates storage, transport, and germplasm exchange compared to in vitro plants. One effective solution for the production and mass propagation of healthy MTs is the use of temporary immersion systems (TISs). In this study, in a SETISTM system containing kinetin/gibberellic acid (GA)/indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) hormones, we investigated the effects of different nutrient media on the morphological characteristics of potato explants and MTs. We determined the optimal cycling duration (3 h) with an immersion frequency of 2 min. The results revealed that the optimal nutrient medium for culturing single-node potato explants in a SETISTM bioreactor was the M7 medium containing kinetin (2 mg/L), GA (0.5 mg/L), and IBA (0.5 mg/L). The optimal nutrient medium for obtaining potato MTs was the M1 medium (hormone-free) with a high concentration of sucrose (9%) at 18 °C under dark growing conditions. Thus, a universal nutrient medium, employed in a bioreactor, was selected for the mass propagation of potato MTs for both domestic and foreign potato varieties. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Inspirations concerning Breeding and Cultivation Practice to Enhance Crop Productivity and Their Essentials)
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16 pages, 3995 KiB  
Article
Connecting the Dots between GmPERK-1 and Enhanced Grain Weight in Glycine max
by Yanming Lu, Ahsan Irshad, Shoaib Ur Rehman, Yan Wang, Boqian Zhou and Hua Jin
Agronomy 2024, 14(8), 1679; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14081679 - 30 Jul 2024
Viewed by 698
Abstract
Large and distinct families of receptor-like kinases (RLKs) play elemental roles in many fundamental processes of plants. The proline-rich extensin-like receptor kinase (PERK) family is one of the most pivotal classes of RLKs. To date, there have been no comprehensive or [...] Read more.
Large and distinct families of receptor-like kinases (RLKs) play elemental roles in many fundamental processes of plants. The proline-rich extensin-like receptor kinase (PERK) family is one of the most pivotal classes of RLKs. To date, there have been no comprehensive or published studies conducted on the PERK gene family in Glycine max. This research aimed to characterize the role of the PERK gene family in cultivated soybean using a systematic array of bioinformatic and experimental approaches. We identified 16 PERK members in G. max through local BLASTp, using PERK members from Arabidopsis thaliana as a query. Tissue expression of genes, predicted via tissue specific expression analysis from the soybean database “SoyBase”, revealed that these PERK genes exhibit differentiated expression patterns in various plant organs. The gene structure was predicted via Gene Structure Display Server (GSDS). Phylogeny was demonstrated through an evolutionary tree employing the neighbor-joining method. Subcellular localization of proteins was identified via “Softberry” and cis-acting elements were identified through PlantCARE. The KASP (Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR (KASP)) marker was developed for the GmPERK-1-C and GmPERK-1-T allele, targeting position 167 nt in the CDS region. Genotyping results indicated that GmPERK-1 exhibits promising potential for utilization in molecular breeding programs for soybean to increase crop yield. Collectively, our findings indicate that G. max accessions harboring the GmPERK-1-C allele exhibit significantly higher thousand grain weight compared to accessions carrying the GmPERK-1-T allele. This research enhances the understanding of the molecular roles of PERK genes in G. max, providing valuable insights for the utilization of favorable genetic variations in soybean molecular breeding programs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Inspirations concerning Breeding and Cultivation Practice to Enhance Crop Productivity and Their Essentials)
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14 pages, 5508 KiB  
Article
Optimizing the Total Spikelets Increased Grain Yield in Rice
by Kun Liu, Kaixi Zhang, Yu Zhang, Jiarong Cui, Zhikang Li, Jian Huang, Shouguo Li, Jingli Zhang, Shan Deng, Yiying Zhang, Jingyan Huang, Li Ren, Yunxia Chu, Hong Zhao and Hairong Chen
Agronomy 2024, 14(1), 152; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14010152 - 9 Jan 2024
Viewed by 1600
Abstract
Maximizing rice yield potential has always been the focus of high-yield rice cultivation research. For high-yield rice cultivation and breeding, more research into the link between yield and yield components is essential. In this experiment, 38 rice varieties with different yield types and [...] Read more.
Maximizing rice yield potential has always been the focus of high-yield rice cultivation research. For high-yield rice cultivation and breeding, more research into the link between yield and yield components is essential. In this experiment, 38 rice varieties with different yield types and 185 rice varieties as materials were chosen. The relationships between yield and yield components were studied. The regulation effects of total nitrogen application rate (TNAR) on yield and yield components were observed. The results showed that (1) the grain yield of high-yield varieties was 189.3−195.6%, 76.1−77.7%, and 27.0−28.7% higher than that of super-low-yield, low-yield, and medium-yield varieties, respectively. Compared with rice varieties with other yield types, rice varieties with high-yield type have a higher total number of spikelets. (2) The spikelet number per panicle and total number of spikelets were significantly positively linked with grain yield, but significantly negatively correlated with filled grains and grain weight. (3) With an increase in TNAR (0−340 kg ha−1), the panicles, spikelet number per panicle, and total spikelets of rice varieties with different yield types increased gradually, and the filled grains and grain weight decreased gradually. The higher the TNAR, the more obvious the decrease in filled grains and grain weight. The grain yield of rice varieties with different yield types was the highest under the TNAR at 250 kg ha−1. The main factor contributing to its high yield was the substantial increase in total spikelets. The above results showed that increasing the spikelet number per panicle and total spikelets played a material role in improving rice yield. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Inspirations concerning Breeding and Cultivation Practice to Enhance Crop Productivity and Their Essentials)
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19 pages, 1638 KiB  
Article
Agronomic and Physiological Performance of the Indica Rice Varieties Differing in Tolerance to Low Phosphorus
by Zhiwei Sun, Shengfeng Qiao, Yuemei Xu, Dongling Ji, Weiyang Zhang, Junfei Gu, Kuanyu Zhu, Zhiqin Wang, Jianhua Zhang and Jianchang Yang
Agronomy 2024, 14(1), 41; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14010041 - 22 Dec 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1634
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) deficiency and low P use efficiency (PUE) are limiting factors in rice (Oryza sativa L.) production. Understanding the agronomic and physiological traits of P-tolerant rice varieties is crucial for improving PUE. However, the agronomic and physiological traits of rice varieties [...] Read more.
Phosphorus (P) deficiency and low P use efficiency (PUE) are limiting factors in rice (Oryza sativa L.) production. Understanding the agronomic and physiological traits of P-tolerant rice varieties is crucial for improving PUE. However, the agronomic and physiological traits of rice varieties differing in tolerance to low P have not been fully studied or comprehensively explored. Two varieties with strong tolerance to low P (STVs, low P tolerance index > 0.9) and two with weak tolerance to Low P (WTVs, low P tolerance index < 0.5) were grown hydroponically with normal P level (NP, 8.02 mg L−1) and low P level (LP, 0.401 mg L−1) in year 2020 and 2021. Results showed that, compared with NP, the LP significantly decreased grain yield, but enhanced P translocation efficiency (PTE), internal P use efficiency (IPE), and P harvest index (PHI) in all the varieties. The STVs showed better performance than the WTVs. Specifically, the STVs exhibited a 131.33% higher grain yield, 15.95% higher PTE, 41.6% higher IPE, and 8.84% higher PHI compared to the WTVs. The STVs also exhibited superior shoot traits, including increased productive tillers, leaf area index (LAI), leaf photosynthetic rate, shoot biomass, contents of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and zeatin (Z) and zeatin riboside (ZR) in leaves, non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) remobilization during grain filling, and content of NSC per spikelet, when compared to the WTVs under the LP treatment. Additionally, the STVs demonstrated better root traits, such as higher root biomass, root oxidative activity (ROA), root acid phosphatase (RAP) activity, and greater root IAA and Z + ZR contents. These shoot and root traits exhibited highly positive correlations with grain yield, PTE, and IPE. In conclusion, the STVs maintain higher grain yield and PUE under the LP treatment, due mainly to their improved root and shoot agronomic and physiological traits, which provide valuable references for selecting for P-efficient rice varieties. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Inspirations concerning Breeding and Cultivation Practice to Enhance Crop Productivity and Their Essentials)
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17 pages, 3054 KiB  
Article
A Moderate Wetting and Drying Regime Combined with Appropriate Nitrogen Application Increases Grain Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Rice
by Hanghang Huang, Rongyue Xu, Jixiang Yu, Weiyang Zhang, Junfei Gu, Kuanyu Zhu, Jianhua Zhang and Jianchang Yang
Agronomy 2023, 13(7), 1729; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13071729 - 27 Jun 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1550
Abstract
This study investigated whether and how irrigation regimes interact with nitrogen (N) application rates to mediate the grain yield, N use efficiency (NUE) and water use efficiency (WUE) in rice and to understand the underlying mechanism. A field experiment was conducted with two [...] Read more.
This study investigated whether and how irrigation regimes interact with nitrogen (N) application rates to mediate the grain yield, N use efficiency (NUE) and water use efficiency (WUE) in rice and to understand the underlying mechanism. A field experiment was conducted with two irrigation regimes, continuously flooded (CF) and alternate wetting and moderate drying (AWMD), and three N application rates, 120 kg ha−1 N (a low N rate, LN), 240 kg ha−1 N (a medium N rate, MN) and 360 kg ha−1 N (a high N rate, HN) in 2021 and 2022. The results showed that the grain yield exhibited the lowest values at the LN, regardless of the irrigation regime, while it was the highest at the MN when the CF regime was adopted. The grain yield was comparable between the MN and HN regarding the AWMD regime. AWMD significantly increased the grain yield, NUE and WUE compared to CF at the same N rate, which was attributed to a higher photosynthetic rate, improved population quality, enhanced nonstructural carbohydrate remobilization from stems to grains during grain filling, and elevated activities of enzymes involved in N assimilation in the roots. The results suggest that an AWMD regime combined with MN treatment could pronounce a synergistic interaction on the grain yield, NUE and WUE in rice by improving root and shoot physiological performances. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Inspirations concerning Breeding and Cultivation Practice to Enhance Crop Productivity and Their Essentials)
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