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Antioxidants
Special Issues
Natural Antioxidants and Metabolic Diseases
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Natural Antioxidants and Metabolic Diseases

A special issue of Antioxidants (ISSN 2076-3921). This special issue belongs to the section "Health Outcomes of Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 July 2024 | Viewed by 4754

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. José Ángel Rufián-Henares

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Guest Editor
1. Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
2. Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs. GRANADA), Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
Interests: antioxidant capacity; personalized nutrition; gut microbiota; chemical browning; diet
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Fortuna Iannuzzo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
Interests: nutraceuticals; polyphenols; food chemistry; chromatography; mass spectrometry; food science
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Maria Maisto

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Guest Editor
Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 59, 80131 Naples, Italy
Interests: nutraceuticals; bioactive compounds; antioxidant activity; mass spectrometry; chromatography
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Elisabetta Schiano

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
Interests: nutrition; metabolic diseases; nutraceuticals; polyphenols; in vitro enzymatic assays; cell line culture
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Metabolic diseases such as diabetes, obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases present major challenges to global health; thus, the investigation of natural antioxidant compounds offers a promising perspective. These compounds, which are derived from food and vegetables sources, have demonstrated a range of biological effects, positioning themselves as potential therapeutic and preventive agents.

This Special Issue is dedicated to examining natural antioxidant compounds and their impact on metabolic diseases. The role of these molecules extends well beyond their basic nutritional function; they can significantly influence cellular processes, reduce oxidative stress, and modulate the inflammatory and metabolic responses of the body.

We invite researchers in the fields of food chemistry, nutrition, biochemistry, pharmacology, and the medical sciences to submit original research articles, clinical reports, and review articles. Your participation and contributions are crucial to enriching the body of knowledge and gaining new insights in this field. With this Special Issue, we aim to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the advancement and potential of these compounds in supporting health and the management of metabolic diseases.

Prof. Dr. José Ángel Rufián-Henares
Dr. Fortuna Iannuzzo
Dr. Maria Maisto
Dr. Elisabetta Schiano
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antioxidants is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • metabolic syndrome
  • antioxidant compounds
  • diabetes
  • obesity
  • cardiovascular diseases
  • biological effects
  • food sources
  • medicinal plants
  • oxidative stress
  • inflammation

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 3190 KiB  
Article
Litchi Pericarp Extract Treats Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Regulating Oxidative Stress, Inflammatory Response, and Energy Metabolism
by Ziming Yang, Li Zhang, Jinlei Liu and Dianpeng Li
Antioxidants 2024, 13(4), 495; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13040495 - 21 Apr 2024
Viewed by 1398
Abstract
Litchi pericarp is rich in polyphenols, and demonstrates significant biological activity. This study assessed the therapeutic effects of litchi pericarp extract (LPE) on type 2 diabetes mellitus in db/db mice. The results showed that LPE ameliorated symptoms of glucose metabolism disorder, oxidative stress, [...] Read more.
Litchi pericarp is rich in polyphenols, and demonstrates significant biological activity. This study assessed the therapeutic effects of litchi pericarp extract (LPE) on type 2 diabetes mellitus in db/db mice. The results showed that LPE ameliorated symptoms of glucose metabolism disorder, oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and insulin resistance in db/db mice. The mechanistic studies indicated that LPE activates adenosine 5‘-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and suppresses the protein expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), thereby reducing hepatic gluconeogenesis. Additionally, LPE facilitates the translocation of nuclear factor erythroid2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) into the cell nucleus, initiating the transcription of antioxidant factors superoxide dismutase (SOD) and NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), which alleviate oxidative stress and reduce oxidative damage. Furthermore, LPE blocks nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) nuclear translocation and subsequent inflammatory response initiation, thereby reducing inflammation. These findings indicate that LPE addresses type 2 diabetes mellitus by activating the AMPK energy metabolic pathway and regulating the Nrf2 oxidative stress and NF-κB inflammatory signaling pathways. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Natural Antioxidants and Metabolic Diseases)
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15 pages, 5214 KiB  
Article
Syrah Grape Polyphenol Extracts Protect Human Skeletal Muscle Cells from Oxidative and Metabolic Stress Induced by Excess of Palmitic Acid: Effect of Skin/Seed Ripening Stage
by Adriana Capozzi, Auriane Dudoit, Luca Garcia, Gilles Carnac, Gérald Hugon, Cédric Saucier, Catherine Bisbal and Karen Lambert
Antioxidants 2024, 13(3), 373; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13030373 - 19 Mar 2024
Viewed by 1196
Abstract
Metabolic skeletal muscle (SM) dysfunction, triggered by increased oxidative stress and mitochondrial impairment, is a pivotal contributor to obesity-associated insulin resistance (IR). Addressing obesity and SM IR demands substantial lifestyle changes including regular exercise and dietary adjustments that are difficult to follow over [...] Read more.
Metabolic skeletal muscle (SM) dysfunction, triggered by increased oxidative stress and mitochondrial impairment, is a pivotal contributor to obesity-associated insulin resistance (IR). Addressing obesity and SM IR demands substantial lifestyle changes including regular exercise and dietary adjustments that are difficult to follow over time. This prompted exploration of alternative approaches. Grape polyphenols (GPPs) have demonstrated a positive impact on metabolism, although few studies have focused on SM. Since grape polyphenolic content and composition depend on tissue and ripening, we explored the antioxidant potential of GPPs from skin (Sk) and seeds (Sd) extracted before veraison (Bv) and at mature (M) stages, on palmitate-induced IR in primary human SM cells. Despite their important difference in polyphenol (PP) content: Sd-BvPP > Sd-MPP/Sk-BvPP > Sk-MPP, all extracts reduced lipid peroxidation by 44–60%, up-regulated the heme-oxygenase 1 protein level by 75–132% and mitochondrial activity by 47–68%. Contrary to the other extracts, which improved insulin response by 50%, Sd-BvPP did not. Our findings suggest that compounds other than stilbenoids or anthocyanin-type molecules, present only in grape Sk, could play an active role in regulating SM oxidative and metabolic stress and insulin sensitivity, paving the way for further exploration of novel bioactive compounds. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Natural Antioxidants and Metabolic Diseases)
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Review

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23 pages, 3667 KiB  
Review
Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter Inhibitors: Cellular Mechanisms Involved in the Lipid Metabolism and the Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease Associated with Metabolic Syndrome
by Fernando Cortés-Camacho, Oscar René Zambrano-Vásquez, Elena Aréchaga-Ocampo, Jorge Ismael Castañeda-Sánchez, José Guillermo Gonzaga-Sánchez, José Luis Sánchez-Gloria, Laura Gabriela Sánchez-Lozada and Horacio Osorio-Alonso
Antioxidants 2024, 13(7), 768; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13070768 - 26 Jun 2024
Viewed by 1461
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a multifactorial condition that significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Recent studies have emphasized the role of lipid dysregulation in activating cellular mechanisms that contribute to CKD progression in the context of MetS. [...] Read more.
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a multifactorial condition that significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Recent studies have emphasized the role of lipid dysregulation in activating cellular mechanisms that contribute to CKD progression in the context of MetS. Sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have demonstrated efficacy in improving various components of MetS, including obesity, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance. While SGLT2i have shown cardioprotective benefits, the underlying cellular mechanisms in MetS and CKD remain poorly studied. Therefore, this review aims to elucidate the cellular mechanisms by which SGLT2i modulate lipid metabolism and their impact on insulin resistance, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and CKD progression. We also explore the potential benefits of combining SGLT2i with other antidiabetic drugs. By examining the beneficial effects, molecular targets, and cytoprotective mechanisms of both natural and synthetic SGLT2i, this review provides a comprehensive understanding of their therapeutic potential in managing MetS-induced CKD. The information presented here highlights the significance of SGLT2i in addressing the complex interplay between metabolic dysregulation, lipid metabolism dysfunction, and renal impairment, offering clinicians and researchers a valuable resource for developing improved treatment strategies and personalized approaches for patients with MetS and CKD. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Natural Antioxidants and Metabolic Diseases)
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