The Recent Updates in Primary CNS Tumors
A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Cancer Biology".
Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (29 February 2024) | Viewed by 1002
Special Issue Editor
Special Issue Information
Dear Colleagues,
There have been some notable advances in the field of neuro-oncology in recent years. The diagnosis of primary CNS tumors has shifted from the traditional histology- and morphology-based diagnosis as per the diagnostic criteria in the 2016 WHO Classification to more molecular-based diagnosis in the 2021 WHO Classification. With advancing technology and techniques in neuroimaging studies, more defined surgical resection can be achieved by utilizing the fluorescence-guided 5-Aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA). In addition, for tumors that were previously considered as nonresectable or tumors for which no additional radiation therapy can be rendered, minimally invasive Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy (LITT) could be a viable option, and both modalities could be potential treatment armamentaria in selected cases for malignant brain tumors. Tumor-Treating Fields (TTF) with low-intensity intermediate frequency clinical trials for newly diagnosed and recurrent malignant gliomas have shown to improve some survival benefits. There have also been significant advances in molecular targeted therapies based on the next-generation sequencing profile of each specific tumor. As more drugs are being developed for each specific target of the up- and downstream regulation pathways, more viable treatment options could be available with potential improvement in the tumor response and survival. Rare CNS tumors and skull-based tumors also appear to have some unique makers such as BRAF in craniopharyngiomas and SMO and FAK in meningiomas, which have shown some excellent responses to their respective targeted therapies. Immunotherapies with and without checkpoint inhibitors and vaccine therapies such as the recent DCVax trial for newly diagnosed glioblastomas have shown some encouraging results and are being actively investigated.
Dr. Lyndon Kim
Guest Editor
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Keywords
- primary brain tumors
- glioblastoma
- malignant gliomas
- 5-ALA
- LITT
- craniopharyngioma
- meningioma
- skull-based tumors
- molecular targeted therapy
- immunotherapy
- vaccine therapy
