Most Cited

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic complicated inflammatory gut pathological disorder and is categorized into ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD). Although the cause of IBD is unclear, dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is...

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are a promising form of immunotherapy that have significantly changed the therapeutic landscape for many advanced cancers. They have shown unique clinical benefit against a broad range of tumour types and a strong o...

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by thrombotic or obstetric events occurring in individuals who have persistent antiphospholipid antibodies. Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome (CAPS) is a rare and pot...

Around 285 million people worldwide currently have type 2 diabetes and it is projected that this number will be surpassed by 2030. Therefore, it is of the utmost importance to enhance our comprehension of the disease’s development. The regulati...

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common degenerative joint disease that causes chronic pain and disability. Different innate immune components, including macrophages, T cells, and neutrophils, participate in OA pathophysiology. Neutrophils are the mos...

Bone marrow is known as the site of hematopoiesis. What is not being described in textbooks of immunology is the fact that bone marrow is not only a generative, but also an antigen-responsive, immune organ. It is also a major storage site for antigen...

Despite advances in treatment options, the clinical outcomes of pediatric patients with advanced solid tumors have hardly improved in decades, and alternative treatment options are urgently needed. Innovative therapies, such as chimeric antigen recep...

Inflammation is considered a natural reaction of the immune system that can be caused by several factors such as pathogens, chemical substances, and damaged cells. Since the classical era, therapeutic substances have been made from medicinal plants....

Pandemics in the last two centuries have been initiated by causal pathogens that include Severe Acute Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and Influenza (e.g., the H1N1 pandemic of 2009). The latter is considered to have initiated two prior pandemics in 1918 a...

Liver fibrosis is a complex, dynamic process associated with a broad spectrum of chronic liver diseases and acute liver failure, characterised by the dysregulated intrahepatic production of extracellular matrix proteins replacing functional liver cel...